Open this publication in new window or tab >>Show others...
2025 (English)In: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, ISSN 0018-9545, E-ISSN 1939-9359, Vol. 74, no 1, p. 5-20Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
Millimeter-wave channel modeling for airplanes, trains, and other in-vehicle environments can be considered jointly as different variations of a general site, namely an indoor dense space (IDS). In this work, by using ray-tracing (RT) simulations, we compare the effect of frame material, user density, and geometry on the channel characteristics at 28, 39, and 60 GHz bands. We observe that temporal and spatial parameters in IDS have unique distributions some depending on the transmitter (TX)-receiver (RX) separation in comparison to the indoor office (IO) channel model. The frame material is the main determining factor of the channel characteristics, while variations in frequency bands and geometries have only a minor impact. We extend our channel modeling effort to MIMO deployment analysis to compare the validity of the proposed model in terms of coverage and spectral efficiency with the IO model. Several dominant angular intervals in the channel cause five times higher spectral efficiency gained by digital beamforming (BF) in comparison to analog BF. We observe that the path loss in IDS is more severe compared with IO, resulting in at least a 50% reduction in the coverage area.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2025
Keywords
Geometry, Millimeter wave communication, Airplanes, Atmospheric modeling, Production facilities, Frequency measurement, Transmitters, Spectral efficiency, Reflection, OFDM, 5G, 6G, in-cabin, intra-wagon, millimeter-wave, channel modeling, ray-tracing (RT)
National Category
Communication Systems
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-359517 (URN)10.1109/TVT.2024.3463193 (DOI)001396985700030 ()2-s2.0-85205779134 (Scopus ID)
Note
QC 20250205
2025-02-052025-02-052025-02-05Bibliographically approved