kth.sePublications
Change search
Link to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Alternative names
Publications (10 of 375) Show all publications
Yucel, Y. D., Zenkert, D., Wreland Lindström, R. & Lindbergh, G. (2024). LiFePO4-coated carbon fibers as positive electrodes in structural batteries: Insights from spray coating technique. Electrochemistry communications, 160, 107670, Article ID 107670.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>LiFePO4-coated carbon fibers as positive electrodes in structural batteries: Insights from spray coating technique
2024 (English)In: Electrochemistry communications, ISSN 1388-2481, E-ISSN 1873-1902, Vol. 160, p. 107670-, article id 107670Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This study presents the fabrication of LiFePO4 (LFP)-coated carbon fibers (CFs) as a positive electrode component for structural batteries, utilizing a spray coating technique. The successful coating of CFs through this method demonstrated their usefulness as efficient current collectors. The electrodes obtained using this method underwent electrochemical evaluations. Throughout the extended cycling tests at C/7, the maximum specific discharge capacity reached 146 mAh/g, maintaining a 77% capacity retention after 100 cycles. In rate performance assessments at the faster C-rate of 1.5C, the capacity measured 123 mAh/g, with a retention of 96%. The application of spray coating emerges as a promising technique for electrode production in structural batteries, showcasing its potential for optimizing performance in multifunctional energy storage systems.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV, 2024
Keywords
Carbon fibers, LiFePO 4, Lithium-ion battery, Spray coating, Structural battery
National Category
Composite Science and Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-343468 (URN)10.1016/j.elecom.2024.107670 (DOI)2-s2.0-85184141114 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20240219

Available from: 2024-02-15 Created: 2024-02-15 Last updated: 2024-02-19Bibliographically approved
Zenkert, D., Harnden, R., Asp, L. E., Lindbergh, G. & Johansson, M. (2024). Multifunctional carbon fibre composites using electrochemistry. Composites Part B: Engineering, 273, Article ID 111240.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Multifunctional carbon fibre composites using electrochemistry
Show others...
2024 (English)In: Composites Part B: Engineering, ISSN 1359-8368, E-ISSN 1879-1069, Vol. 273, article id 111240Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Most products today have several functions, but these are achieved by integrating different monofunctional devices and/or materials in a system. Having several functions simultaneously in one single material has many potential advantages, such as a structural material that can also store energy, have self-sensing or self-healing capability or any other physical function. This would lead mass and resource savings, being more energy efficient and thus more sustainable. This paper presents a mini review on how carbon fibres can be used for integrating several functions simultaneously in a high-performance load carrying structural material using the electrical and electrochemical properties of carbon fibres. Through this carbon fibre composites can also store energy like a lithium-ion battery, be used as a strain sensor, have electrically controlled actuation and shape-morphing, and be used as an energy harvester.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV, 2024
Keywords
Energy harvesting, Energy storage, Sensing, Shape-morphing, Structural
National Category
Composite Science and Engineering Energy Systems
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-343481 (URN)10.1016/j.compositesb.2024.111240 (DOI)2-s2.0-85183991466 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20240219

Available from: 2024-02-15 Created: 2024-02-15 Last updated: 2024-02-19Bibliographically approved
Novalin, T., Eriksson, B., Proch, S., Bexell, U., Moffatt, C., Westlinder, J., . . . Wreland Lindström, R. (2023). Demonstrating the absence of metal ion contamination in operando PEM fuel cells utilizing unmodified stainless steel bipolar plates. Applied Energy, 349, Article ID 121669.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Demonstrating the absence of metal ion contamination in operando PEM fuel cells utilizing unmodified stainless steel bipolar plates
Show others...
2023 (English)In: Applied Energy, ISSN 0306-2619, E-ISSN 1872-9118, Vol. 349, article id 121669Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Using stainless steel as material for bipolar plates (BPPs) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) carries a perceived risk of corrosion and subsequent metal ion contamination of the membrane electrode as-sembly (MEA). However, assessments in literature on this hazard to PEMFC systems have been based on ex-situ corrosion studies, where general assumptions made on the BPP environment might not be a correct simulation of real on-site conditions. In this contribution, uncoated BPPs from stainless steel grades 304 L, 316 L and 904 L were subjected to in-situ hybrid endurance/stress testing to simulate realistic conditions in operating fuel cell systems and re-evaluate the need of additional corrosion protection. A post analysis of the plates showed no signs of surface dissolution on any of the tested samples and the concentration of iron in the MEA averaged 7 to 10 ppm for uncoated samples and 7 to 11 ppm for coated and graphitic reference tests, displaying a negligible amount of trace metals compared to critical thresholds found in literature. Contact resistance values were stable for all samples and observable changes in cell performance and voltage degradation was confirmed to be un-related to the presence of uncoated bipolar plates. The combined effects of decoupling of bipolar plate surface potentials from electrode potentials and operational control of stable gas flow compositions to sustain stainless steel surface passivation, were identified as explanation for the experimentally observed corrosion resistance of uncoated stainless steel plates in PEMFCs.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV, 2023
Keywords
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell, Bipolar plate, Corrosion mechanism, Stainless steel passivation, Ionic decoupling
National Category
Energy Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-335165 (URN)10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121669 (DOI)001047409400001 ()2-s2.0-85166186043 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20230904

Available from: 2023-09-04 Created: 2023-09-04 Last updated: 2023-12-15Bibliographically approved
Streb, M., Ohrelius, M., Siddiqui, A., Klett, M. & Lindbergh, G. (2023). Diagnosis and prognosis of battery degradation through re-evaluation and Gaussian process regression of electrochemical model parameters. Journal of Power Sources, 588, Article ID 233686.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Diagnosis and prognosis of battery degradation through re-evaluation and Gaussian process regression of electrochemical model parameters
Show others...
2023 (English)In: Journal of Power Sources, ISSN 0378-7753, E-ISSN 1873-2755, Vol. 588, article id 233686Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Lithium-ion battery degradation is complex, and many mechanisms occur concurrently. In-depth degradation is traditionally investigated by post-mortem characterization in lab-settings. If mechanisms could instead be identified in-operando, utilization could be adjusted, and battery lifetime extended. We investigate changes in electrochemical model parameters during battery testing and their correlation with degradation observed in a traditional post-mortem characterization. Commercial batteries are cycle-aged using different stationary storage service cycles and a novel reference performance test is applied intermittently. This test is based on current profiles optimally designed with respect to maximized sensitivity for individual electrochemical parameters and embedded within a charging procedure. Usage dependency of parameter trajectories over the course of ageing is demonstrated and coupled to observed micro-structural changes. Subsequently, the parameter trajectories are extrapolated using Gaussian Process Regression for physics-based state-of-health estimation and remaininguseful-life prediction. We demonstrate and validate estimation of full cell performance under constant load at a later state in life.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV, 2023
Keywords
Lithium-ion battery modelling, State-of-health diagnosis, Electrochemical model, Gaussian process regression, Lifetime prognosis
National Category
Other Chemical Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-340887 (URN)10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.233686 (DOI)001103986200001 ()2-s2.0-85174322860 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20231218

Available from: 2023-12-18 Created: 2023-12-18 Last updated: 2024-01-16Bibliographically approved
Cattaruzza, M., Fang, Y., Furo, I., Lindbergh, G., Liu, F. & Johansson, M. (2023). Hybrid polymer-liquid lithium ion electrolytes: effect of porosity on the ionic and molecular mobility. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 11(13), 7006-7015
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Hybrid polymer-liquid lithium ion electrolytes: effect of porosity on the ionic and molecular mobility
Show others...
2023 (English)In: Journal of Materials Chemistry A, ISSN 2050-7488, E-ISSN 2050-7496, Vol. 11, no 13, p. 7006-7015Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Alternative electrolyte systems such as hybrid electrolytes are much sought after to overcome safety issues related to liquid electrolytes in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Hybrid solid-liquid electrolytes (HEs) like the heterogeneous structural battery electrolyte (SBE) consist of two discrete co-existing phases prepared by polymerization-induced phase separation: one solid polymer phase providing mechanical integrity and the other one a percolating liquid ion-conducting phase. The present work investigates the ion and the solvent mobility in a series of HEs using morphological, electrochemical impedance and NMR spectroscopic methods. All the dried HEs exhibit a porous structure with a broad pore size distribution stretching down to <10 nm diameter. Penetration of the individual components of the solution, that is the ions and the solvent, in the solid polymer phase is demonstrated. Yet, it is the pores that are the main ion conduction channels in the liquid-saturated HEs and, in general, translational mobility is strongly dependent on the volume fraction and size of the pores and, thereby, on the initial liquid electrolyte content. We also observe that the translational mobility of solvent and the ions vary differently with the pore volume fraction. This finding is explained by the presence of small mesopores where the mobility strongly depends on the specific interactions of the molecular constituent with the pore wall. These interactions are inferred to be stronger for the EC/PC solvent than for the ions. This study shows how the morphology and the chemical composition of HEs affect the ionic and molecular transport in the system.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), 2023
National Category
Materials Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-331089 (URN)10.1039/d3ta00250k (DOI)000946407000001 ()2-s2.0-85150530692 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20230705

Available from: 2023-07-05 Created: 2023-07-05 Last updated: 2023-07-05Bibliographically approved
Streb, M., Andersson, M., Klass, V. L., Klett, M., Johansson, M. & Lindbergh, G. (2023). Investigating re-parametrization of electrochemical model-based battery management using real-world driving data. eTransporation, 16, Article ID 100231.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Investigating re-parametrization of electrochemical model-based battery management using real-world driving data
Show others...
2023 (English)In: eTransporation, E-ISSN 2590-1168, Vol. 16, article id 100231Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Li-ion batteries in electric vehicles must be utilized more efficiently to lower their economic and environmental cost. To achieve this increase in efficiency, it is of large interest to develop more thorough battery management that can predict internal states in online settings and update usage and control accordingly. Electrochemical models are an important tool in achieving this, and their implementation in battery management systems is the topic of ongoing research. However, electrochemical battery management relies on accurate parametrization and thus requires re-parametrization as a battery ages. We therefore studied viability of re-parametrization for electrochemical model-based battery management. To this end, we performed global sensitivity analysis on selected Doyle-Fuller-Newman model parameters using on-board current measurements. Representative driving data was collected from several types of heavy-duty vehicles. This elucidated which model parameters should be updated periodically to conserve model accuracy and which parameters are sensitive enough to be estimated from the on-board data. Additionally, we studied how parameter uncertainty affects estimation of internal states and highlight how model-based state estimation relying on a beginning-of-life parametrization degrades as electrochemical parameters change with aging.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV, 2023
Keywords
Battery management system, Electrochemical control, Sensitivity analysis, Battery parametrization, Heavy-duty electric vehicles
National Category
Control Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-324880 (URN)10.1016/j.etran.2023.100231 (DOI)000939576900001 ()2-s2.0-85148012055 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20230320

Available from: 2023-03-20 Created: 2023-03-20 Last updated: 2024-02-27Bibliographically approved
Gupta, P., Streb, M., Siddiqui, A., Klett, M., Lindbergh, G. & Gudmundson, P. (2023). Layer-Resolved Mechanical Degradation of a Ni-Rich Positive Electrode. Batteries, 9(12), 575, Article ID 575.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Layer-Resolved Mechanical Degradation of a Ni-Rich Positive Electrode
Show others...
2023 (English)In: Batteries, E-ISSN 2313-0105, Vol. 9, no 12, p. 575-, article id 575Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The effects of electrochemical aging on the mechanical properties of electrodes in lithium-ion batteries are challenging to measure and are largely unknown. Mechanochemical degradation processes occur at different scales within an electrode and understanding the correlation between the degradation of mechanical properties, electrochemical aging, and morphological changes is crucial for mitigating battery performance degradation. This paper explores the evolution of mechanical and electrochemical properties at the layer level in a Ni-rich positive electrode during the initial stages of electrochemical cycling. The investigation involves complementary cross-section analyses aimed at unraveling the connection between observed changes on both macroscopic and microscopic scales. The macroscopic constitutive properties were assessed using a U-shaped bending test method that had been previously developed. The compressive modulus exhibited substantial dependency on both the porous structure and binder properties. It experienced a notable reduction with electrolyte wetting but demonstrated an increase with cycling and aging. During the initial stages of aging, electrochemical impedance spectra revealed increased local resistance near the particle–electrolyte interface. This is likely attributable to factors such as secondary particle grain separation and the redistribution of carbon black. The swelling of particles, compression of the binder phase, and enhanced particle contact were identified as probable factors adding to the elevation of the elastic modulus within the porous layer as a result of cycling.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI AG, 2023
Keywords
constitutive behavior, lithium-ion batteries, materials science, mechanical properties, U-shape bending
National Category
Materials Chemistry Other Materials Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-342152 (URN)10.3390/batteries9120575 (DOI)001130542700001 ()2-s2.0-85180705767 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20240115

Available from: 2024-01-15 Created: 2024-01-15 Last updated: 2024-02-29Bibliographically approved
Ohrelius, M., Berg, M., Lindström, R. & Lindbergh, G. (2023). Lifetime Limitations in Multi-Service Battery Energy Storage Systems. Energies, 16(7), Article ID 3003.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Lifetime Limitations in Multi-Service Battery Energy Storage Systems
2023 (English)In: Energies, E-ISSN 1996-1073, Vol. 16, no 7, article id 3003Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A reliable power grid system based on renewable energy sources is a crucial step to restrict the climate crisis. Stationary battery energy storage systems (BESS) offer a great potential to repel power fluctuations in the grid at different timescales. However, for a reliable operation and cost estimation, the degradation in the batteries needs to be understood. We present an accelerated battery degradation study, on single as well as multi-service applications, of NCM532/Gr lithium-ion battery cells. Frequency regulation (FR) was the least harmful for the battery, with an expected lifetime of 12 years, while peak shaving (PS) resulted in an expected lifetime of 8 years. The combined cycle (FRPS) accelerated the capacity loss, and degradation of the positive electrode was induced from the start of cycling, causing power limitations after only 870 equivalent full cycles (EFC). Tracking the 1C-rate discharge capacity was proven to be a good indication of the accelerated cell polarization, and it can serve as a useful method to evaluate the internal battery state of health (SOH).

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI AG, 2023
Keywords
stationary energy storage, lithium-ion batteries, multi-service application, lifetime, degradation mechanisms
National Category
Physical Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-327167 (URN)10.3390/en16073003 (DOI)000969864000001 ()2-s2.0-85152768113 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20230523

Available from: 2023-05-23 Created: 2023-05-23 Last updated: 2023-08-28Bibliographically approved
Smith, A. J., Fang, Y., Mikheenkova, A., Ekström, H., Svens, P., Ahmed, I., . . . Lindström, R. W. (2023). Localized lithium plating under mild cycling conditions in high-energy lithium-ion batteries. Journal of Power Sources, 573, 233118, Article ID 233118.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Localized lithium plating under mild cycling conditions in high-energy lithium-ion batteries
Show others...
2023 (English)In: Journal of Power Sources, ISSN 0378-7753, E-ISSN 1873-2755, Vol. 573, p. 233118-, article id 233118Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Conditions such as the temperature and pressure experienced by lithium-ion battery components are dependent oncell geometry and can vary widely within a large cell. The resulting uneven degradation is challenging to study at thefull cell level but can be revealed upon disassembly and post mortem analysis. In this work, we report localizedlithium plating in automotive-grade, prismatic lithium-ion cells, also under cycling conditions generally consideredto be mild (e.g., 5–65 %SOC, 23 ◦C, 0.5C cycle rate). Dead lithium content is quantified using 7Li nuclear magneticresonance spectroscopy in both electrode and separator samples, corresponding to substantial capacity fade(26–46%) of the full cells. Severe lithium plating is typically initiated in regions near the positive tab, in which boththe separators and negative electrodes are ultimately deactivated. High pressure arises during cycling, and wepropose a deactivation mechanism based on high local stress due to electrode expansion and external constraint.Further, we develop a model to demonstrate that component deactivation can result in lithium plating even undermild cycling conditions. Notably, components harvested from regions with no detected lithium plating maintainedadequate electrochemical performance.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2023
National Category
Other Chemical Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-326604 (URN)10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.233118 (DOI)000999120900001 ()2-s2.0-85154565447 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20230522

Available from: 2023-05-05 Created: 2023-05-05 Last updated: 2023-07-06Bibliographically approved
Marra, E., Montserrat-Sisó, G., Eriksson, B., Lönn, B., Wreland Lindström, R., Lindbergh, G., . . . Lagergren, C. (2023). ORR activity and stability of carbon supported Pt3Y thin films in PEMFCs. Electrochimica Acta, 472, Article ID 143436.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>ORR activity and stability of carbon supported Pt3Y thin films in PEMFCs
Show others...
2023 (English)In: Electrochimica Acta, ISSN 0013-4686, E-ISSN 1873-3859, Vol. 472, article id 143436Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In order to investigate stability of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on a Pt3Y thin film under relevant fuel cell conditions, we performed an accelerated stress test (AST) consisting of 3600 potential cycles between 0.4 and 1.4 V at 1 V s−1 in a single proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The ORR activities were evaluated via polarization curves before and after the AST. Electrochemical active surface area (ECSA) was obtained by CO-stripping voltammetry whereas the morphological changes were monitored by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Variations in surface composition and electronic structures were evaluated by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). After AST, the polarization curves show loss of ORR activity in all voltages for both Pt and Pt3Y. Except at very high voltages (E > 0.85 VRHE), the ORR activity of Pt3Y after AST is very close to that of Pt before AST. This correlates well with the results from the deconvolution of Pt-4f XPS spectra where the binding energy of metallic Pt in Pt3Y is comparable to pure Pt (71.22 eV). SEM and TEM images demonstrate that the morphologies of the aged Pt3Y and as-sputtered Pt are similar, whereas EDX results confirm a steady bulk composition of Pt3Y thin films throughout the entire electrochemical test. By correlating all these results, we conclude that the loss of ORR activity for Pt3Y is due to an increase in the thickness of the Pt overlayer which induces a relaxation of the Pt overlayer decreasing the compressive strain effect. For pure Pt, the loss of ORR activity is associated with a growth of the Pt domains associated with Ostwald ripening process.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV, 2023
Keywords
Accelerated stress test, Oxygen reduction reaction, Platinum rare earth metal alloy, Platinum yttrium thin film, Proton exchange membrane fuel cell
National Category
Other Physics Topics Materials Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-339721 (URN)10.1016/j.electacta.2023.143436 (DOI)2-s2.0-85175610385 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20231215

Available from: 2023-11-16 Created: 2023-11-16 Last updated: 2023-12-15Bibliographically approved
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0001-9203-9313

Search in DiVA

Show all publications