This paper examines the potential of describing interactive systems in a declarative manner with concepts familiar to both developers and designers. Such declarative interaction descriptions will enable evolutionary prototyping processes. This new type of design and development processes that can emerge with declarative interaction is described along with benefits for human-centred system design. A few challenges are raised for future research in this area.

The trend of “open data” coupled with the recentsadvancement in web development technologies and thesproliferation of JavaScript frameworks has helped popularizesprogramming of interactive web applications. Still, some of thescommon features of today’s web applications that access datasfrom own data stores or from web services require a complexssetup or a significant amount of programming knowledge, andsthus make it hard for developers to quickly prototype applicationssand iterate on solutions. Therefore, we propose Endev,sa declarative framework for prototyping applications that usescloud data storage or web service data. By not needing to writesany JavaScript code or set up any servers, Endev provides a lowslearning threshold. We show that Endev is perceived useful andseasy to use through a study with 15 developers.

Design of eco-feedback has primarily aimed at persuading individuals to change behaviours into more environmentally sustainable ones. However, it has been questioned how effective such feedback is in supporting long-term change. As an alternative focus for energy feedback, we present a case study of amateur energy management work in apartment buildings owned by housing cooperatives, and the design of an app that aims to stimulate and support cooperatives in taking energy actions that significantly reduce the cooperative’s collective energy use. By linking energy data to energy actions, the users can see how actions taken in their own and other cooperatives affected the energy use, learn from each other’s experiences and become motivated as energy amateurs. Based on our housing cooperative case, we reflect on design aspects to consider when designing for energy management in amateur settings.

Within the current Swedish housing market it is increasingly difficult to get a contract for a rental apartment, therefore people who might have had public housing as a first choice are forced to buy an apartment instead. When buying apartments they become part of housing cooperatives whereby the residents have in theory a high power to influence their living environment, but few people take advantage of that power.

We have studied housing cooperative engagement in Stockholm, Sweden, related to collective energy issues and the opportunities of supporting such engagement with design of interactive technologies. In this paper we present the results of a case study of amateur energy management in housing cooperatives and a concept for a housing cooperative energy app that aims both to support the work of energy managers and to provide other members with a low-effort entrance to collective energy matters.

Model Based User Interface Development offers the possibility to design User Interfaces without being concerned about the underlying implementation. This is achieved by devising models at a high level of abstraction, thus creating the potential for involving users or domain experts to achieve a user-centered design process. Obtain- ing a running interactive application from such models usually requires several model transformations. One of the current problems is that while a user interface is generated after these transformations, other parts of the interactive system such as the application logic need to pre-exist or they must be written manually before the interface can be tested in a realistic scenario. This leaves the domain experts dependent on programmers and increases the time between iterations. In this paper we work with Query Anno- tations, which were previously used only for modeling at low levels and for generating fully functional interfaces, and we aim to generalize them for the high-level modeling approach called Discourse Modeling. The direct expected benefit of this generalization is the possibility to generate complete, readily testable interactive prototypes, rather than just their user interfaces. In addition, Query Annota- tions can serve as the mapping between the various levels of abstraction and bring to the domain experts a better understanding of the transformation process, as well as the possibility to modify the interfaces and models directly.

There is increasing concern regarding current energy feedback approaches as they focus on the individual level, and mostly on household electricity, while the bulk of energy use often lies in heating and cooling. The aim is typically to change user routines, which does not bring a long-lasting impact. In our case study, we address these concerns for apartment buildings by looking at housing cooperatives, the dominant form of apartment ownership in the Nordic countries. These cooperatives manage the heating costs in common and therefore have a large potential for energy saving through long-lasting improvements and investments. We also emphasise the amateur nature of energy work within such cooperatives and consider the implications of our field study findings, interpreted through these amateur and cooperative perspectives, for the design of interactive artefacts.

In this paper we present a visualization of estimated and real energy consumption while driving, as a tool to compare the driving to what might be considered "typical" driving. This is particularly relvant to cases where the driver wants to be aware of the energy consumption in order to reach a particular destination and avoid a "lead foot", or otherwise when learning to drive efficiently.

In this paper we will present two explorative service design cases focusing on sustainable services in smart cities. After an introduction to our thematic area we will describe the two cases and the service design methods used. In the conclusion we will discuss the lessons learned from applying service design tools in collaboration with citizens and other stakeholders.

Models of high-level interaction design are usually based on procedural representation. For knowledge representation and reasoning, however, declarative representations are preferred. In this paper, we define purely declarative high-level interaction models based on theories of human communication. In contrast, earlier attempts to define purely declarative models resulted for pragmatic reasons in a mixed representation including procedural constructs within the overall declarative model structure. We show how the declarative models can be operationalized into behavioral (abstract) UI models corresponding to those generated from the mixed representation. Based on an implementation integrated with an existing framework for GUI generation, we show that and how it is possible to automatically generate GUIs from purely declarative models as well.