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Shabani, A., Elaguine, D. & Partl, M. (2025). Evaluating thermal contraction behaviour of basalt mastic using micromechanical finite element modelling. Road Materials and Pavement Design
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Evaluating thermal contraction behaviour of basalt mastic using micromechanical finite element modelling
2025 (English)In: Road Materials and Pavement Design, ISSN 1468-0629, E-ISSN 2164-7402Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Thermal contraction is a key factor in low-temperature cracking, contributing to internal stresses in the bitumen-aggregate composite. Most macromechanical models treat mastic as a continuous material, limiting an in-depth analysis of the component interactions, which is essential for improved material design. This study analyses the low-temperature behaviour of bitumen and mastic containing different basalt filler content using experimental testing and micromechanical finite element modelling (FEM). The model evaluates micromechanical interactions between bitumen and aggregates, with aggregates modelled as spherical particles in the bitumen. Thermal contraction coefficients are predicted via viscoelastic modelling and compared to experimental results. Findings show higher filler content lowers the thermal contraction coefficient while increasing stress concentrations due to the combined thermal properties of bitumen and filler. The micromechanical model aligns well with experimental data, confirming its reliability in predicting stress distribution and thermal behaviour. These insights enhance the understanding of bituminous materials in cold environments.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Informa UK Limited, 2025
Keywords
Mastic, bitumen, low-temperature, thermal contraction coefficient, micromechanical finite elment model
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-362936 (URN)10.1080/14680629.2025.2483908 (DOI)001456741600001 ()2-s2.0-105002087108 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20250430

Available from: 2025-04-30 Created: 2025-04-30 Last updated: 2025-04-30Bibliographically approved
Shabani, A., Elaguine, D. & Partl, M. (2024). Advanced testing and characterization of low-temperature cracking in bitumen and mastic. Materials and Structures, 57(1), Article ID 24.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Advanced testing and characterization of low-temperature cracking in bitumen and mastic
2024 (English)In: Materials and Structures, ISSN 1359-5997, E-ISSN 1871-6873, Vol. 57, no 1, article id 24Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Low-temperature cracking is one of the most common failures in asphalt pavements, especially in cold regions. Accordingly, considerable amount of research has been performed in order to understand the low-temperature cracking mechanisms and to propose test methods for characterizing and determining cracking performance of bitumen and asphalt mixtures under freezing conditions. The existing test methods, however, require expensive equipment and skilled technicians; they are thus not well suited for routine tests. As a contribution to mitigate this situation, this study intends to investigate experimentally and characterize numerically the low-temperature cracking behavior of bitumen and mastic materials using a refined thermal cracking test method. The proposed method, the annular restrained cold temperature induced cracking (ARCTIC) test, allows to determine the low-temperature cracking properties of the mastic and bitumen with a relatively simple setup. In this paper, finite element (FE) modeling is used for evaluating the effect of test parameters on the temperature, stress and strain gradients induced in the specimen during the test. The ARCTIC test is employed to measure cracking temperatures of two bitumen and two mastic materials. The measurements repeatability is examined and the effect of bitumen type on the thermal cracking potential of bitumen and mastic is evaluated. FE modeling is employed to examine the effect of thermomechanical parameters on thermal cracking performance of the materials and to back-calculate fracture stress and strain from measurements. The results highlight the potential of the proposed test and analysis method for evaluation of low-temperature cracking in bitumen and asphalt mastic.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature, 2024
Keywords
Annular restrained cold temperature induced cracking (ARCTIC) test, Bitumen, Finite element method, Mastic, Thermal cracking, Viscoelasticity
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-343204 (URN)10.1617/s11527-024-02294-1 (DOI)001148846000001 ()2-s2.0-85183341844 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20240208

Available from: 2024-02-08 Created: 2024-02-08 Last updated: 2024-02-08Bibliographically approved
Etikan, M. K., Jelagin, D., Olsson, E. & Partl, M. (2024). Experimental and numerical analyses of crushing resistance of unbound road materials. The international journal of pavement engineering, 25(1), Article ID 2330630.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Experimental and numerical analyses of crushing resistance of unbound road materials
2024 (English)In: The international journal of pavement engineering, ISSN 1029-8436, E-ISSN 1477-268X, Vol. 25, no 1, article id 2330630Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Aggregate breakage in unbound pavement layers can lead to pavement distresses that affect their functionality and service life. Thus understanding the mechanics and clarifying the factors affecting materials breakage resistance are important for ensuring adequate performance of these layers. In this study, aggregate breakage in unbound granular materials (UGM) is investigated experimentally and numerically. Experimentally, aggregate breakage under uniaxial compression is examined for two UGMs prepared with the same aggregate type but different gradations. To capture the experimentally observed influence of gradation and load magnitude on aggregate breakage, a Discrete Element Method (DEM) model was developed, based on granular mechanics particle contact and failure laws. A simple procedure to identify the contact and failure law parameters from experiments is proposed. With those parameters, the model’s capability of capturing the effect of gradation and loading on the aggregate breakage in UGM is evaluated. Based on comparison with experimental findings, it is shown that the model can capture macro-scale properties of UGM, such as its deformation response under uniaxial compression, as well as the amount of aggregate breakage in the material.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Informa UK Limited, 2024
Keywords
aggregate breakage, contact mechanics, discrete element method (DEM), gradation, Unbound granular materials (UGM)
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-344930 (URN)10.1080/10298436.2024.2330630 (DOI)001191339800001 ()2-s2.0-85188571142 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20240404

Available from: 2024-04-03 Created: 2024-04-03 Last updated: 2024-04-08Bibliographically approved
Shabani, A., Elaguine, D., Partl, M., Raab, C. & Miljković, M. (2024). Testing the influence of filler type and content on thermal cracking of mastic. Construction and Building Materials, 457, Article ID 139357.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Testing the influence of filler type and content on thermal cracking of mastic
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2024 (English)In: Construction and Building Materials, ISSN 0950-0618, E-ISSN 1879-0526, Vol. 457, article id 139357Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Low-temperature cracking significantly affects durability of asphalt pavements. This research addresses the role of the mastic phase by experimentally evaluating the low-temperature cracking performance of selected bitumen and mastics with different filler types and contents. Their thermal contraction coefficient (αT), low temperature viscoelasticity, and strength properties are measured using standard tests like the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and fracture toughness tests (FTT). An enhanced laboratory technique, the annular restrained cold temperature induced cracking (ARCTIC) test, is employed to study combined thermal and mechanical effects on low-temperature cracking. The alignment of FTT with ARCTIC results highlights a good correlation between these methods for mastics with nearly the same αT. However, the insensitivity of FTT to αT raises concerns about its applicability to materials with significantly different αT, as it may not capture accurately their performance. The ARCTIC test is free of such a problem and even shows a higher sensitivity to the mastic composition. The findings demonstrate that the addition of filler significantly affects the resistance of mastic to low-temperature cracking by altering its αT. Additionally, the filler content, type, and gradation distinctly impact the thermal and mechanical characteristics of mastics, enhancing their ability to withstand lower temperatures more effectively than bitumen. In particular, adding 50 % by volume of different filler types reduces the αT of mastic by 45–60 % and results in 3–10 °C reduction in cracking temperature (Tcr) measured with the ARCTIC test.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV, 2024
Keywords
Annular restrained cold temperature induced cracking (ARCTIC) test, Bitumen, Filler, Low-temperature performance, Mastic, Thermal contraction coefficient, Thermal cracking
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-357910 (URN)10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.139357 (DOI)001374101200001 ()2-s2.0-85211026823 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20241219

Available from: 2024-12-19 Created: 2024-12-19 Last updated: 2025-01-28Bibliographically approved
Elaguine, D., Olsson, E., Raab, C. & Partl, M. N. (2023). Experimental and numerical modelling of shear bonding between asphalt layers. International Journal on Road Materials and Pavement Design, 24(S1), 176-191
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Experimental and numerical modelling of shear bonding between asphalt layers
2023 (English)In: International Journal on Road Materials and Pavement Design, ISSN 1468-0629, E-ISSN 2164-7402, Vol. 24, no S1, p. 176-191Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Interlayers in asphalt pavements are potential structural damage initiators. In order to better understand the quantitative role of interlayer parameters, such as surface roughness, binder type, binder content and loading type on interlayer shear strength, this paper focuses on the effects of particle interlock and contact conditions on interlayer strength through experimental and numerical modelling. Experimentally, interlayer shear box strength tests on a model material consisting of stiff binder blended with steel balls are performed with and without normal force confinement. A Discrete Element method model of the test is developed using measurements of the model material for calibrating the contact law and for validating the model. It is shown that this model captures adequately the measured force-displacement response of the specimens. It is thus a feasible starting point for numerically and experimentally studying the role of binder and tack coat regarding interlayer shear strength of real asphalt layers.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Informa UK Limited, 2023
Keywords
discrete element method, experimental modelling, Interlayer bond, shear bond testing
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-331164 (URN)10.1080/14680629.2023.2180298 (DOI)000939734200001 ()2-s2.0-85149333738 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20230707

Available from: 2023-07-07 Created: 2023-07-07 Last updated: 2024-03-18Bibliographically approved
Inozemtcev, S., Jelagin, D., Korolev, E., Fadil, H., Partl, M. & Trong, T. D. (2022). Experimental and numerical study on SMA modified with an encapsulated polymeric healing agent. Materials and Structures, 55(9), Article ID 230.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Experimental and numerical study on SMA modified with an encapsulated polymeric healing agent
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2022 (English)In: Materials and Structures, ISSN 1359-5997, E-ISSN 1871-6873, Vol. 55, no 9, article id 230Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The present study aims at experimentally and numerically investigating the effect an encapsulated healing agent on the mechanical characteristics of a stone mastic asphalt (SMA). As a healing agent a thiol-containing urethane AR-polymer is used in this study. In order to gain a numerical insight into mechanical behavior of the capsules in SMA, a micromechanical finite element modeling is employed. The developed model allows capturing the stresses induced in the capsules at different load cases applied to the SMA on macro-scale. Particular attention is paid presently to the numerical evaluation of the local stress state that arises around capsules during compaction, operation, and also during crack initiation. SMA mixtures with various volumetric contents of healing capsules were manufactured and the capsules survival during mixture production was evaluated based on X-Ray Computed Tomography measurements. The effect of capsules on the self-healing properties of asphalt mixtures has furthermore been examined with repeated compressive strength tests. The obtained experimental results indicate that the absolute majority of capsules survive mixture production, and that their addition increases the SMA strength recovery during the healing period. The experimental and numerical results concerning capsules breakage are found to be in reasonable agreement. The developed micromechanical model may thus potentially provide a useful tool for optimization of capsules mechanical properties in order to improve their survival during mixture production as well as their timely activation.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature, 2022
Keywords
Self-healing, Asphalt concrete, Capsule, Healing agent, FEM, Micromechanics
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-321271 (URN)10.1617/s11527-022-02059-8 (DOI)000874928100002 ()2-s2.0-85140793380 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20221111

Available from: 2022-11-11 Created: 2022-11-11 Last updated: 2022-11-11Bibliographically approved
Partl, M. (2022). M&S highlight: Isacsson and Lu (1995), Testing and appraisal of polymer modified road bitumens-state of the art. Materials and Structures, 55(2), Article ID 32.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>M&S highlight: Isacsson and Lu (1995), Testing and appraisal of polymer modified road bitumens-state of the art
2022 (English)In: Materials and Structures, ISSN 1359-5997, E-ISSN 1871-6873, Vol. 55, no 2, article id 32Article in journal, Editorial material (Other academic) Published
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature, 2022
National Category
Building Technologies
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-308562 (URN)10.1617/s11527-021-01863-y (DOI)000745415800002 ()2-s2.0-85123478913 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20220215

Available from: 2022-02-15 Created: 2022-02-15 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved
Fadil, H., Jelagin, D. & Partl, M. (2022). Predicting the Master Curve of Bituminous Mastics with Micromechanical Modelling. In: RILEM International Symposium on Bituminous Materials: . Paper presented at Proceedings of the RILEM International Symposium on Bituminous Materials, December 14–16 2020 in Lyon, France (pp. 1473-1479). Springer Nature
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Predicting the Master Curve of Bituminous Mastics with Micromechanical Modelling
2022 (English)In: RILEM International Symposium on Bituminous Materials, Springer Nature , 2022, p. 1473-1479Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

The performance of asphalt mixtures is significantly affected by the viscoelastic properties of their mastic phase. The analytical approaches used to predict the mastic’s properties from its composition and constituents are limited in their accuracy as well as potential to handle non-linear material behaviour. An alternative micromechanical finite element modelling approach to calculate the mastic’s master curve from the binder and filler phase properties is presented in this paper. In the model, the mastic’s representative volume element is generated and it consists of a linear viscoelastic bitumen matrix and elastic spherical filler particles. In order to validate the model, shear relaxation moduli of bitumen and bitumen-filler mastics are measured at temperatures between −10 to 80 °C. For the two mastic materials characterized experimentally, micromechanical models are set-up and their capability to capture the measured response is evaluated and compared with the existing analytical solutions. The obtained results indicate that the proposed finite element modelling approach is advantageous as compared to the analytical solutions, as it both allows predicting mastic’s properties over wider temperature, frequency and material range as well as results in a better agreement with the measurements.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature, 2022
Keywords
Asphalt mastic, Bitumen, Master curve, Modelling, Multiscale
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-312070 (URN)10.1007/978-3-030-46455-4_187 (DOI)2-s2.0-85116453400 (Scopus ID)
Conference
Proceedings of the RILEM International Symposium on Bituminous Materials, December 14–16 2020 in Lyon, France
Note

Part of proceedings: ISBN  978-3-030-46454-7 

QC 20220511

Available from: 2022-05-11 Created: 2022-05-11 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved
Fadil, H., Jelagin, D. & Partl, M. (2022). Predicting the master curves of bituminous mastics with micromechanical modelling. Road Materials and Pavement Design, 23(sup1), 86-98
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Predicting the master curves of bituminous mastics with micromechanical modelling
2022 (English)In: Road Materials and Pavement Design, ISSN 1468-0629, E-ISSN 2164-7402, Vol. 23, no sup1, p. 86-98Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The performance of asphalt mixtures is significantly affected by the viscoelastic properties of their mastic phase. The analytical approaches used to predict the properties of mastics from their constituents’ properties are limited in their accuracy and potential to handle non-linear material behaviour. An alternative micromechanical finite element modelling approach to calculate the master curves of mastics from the binder and filler phase properties is presented, where the representative volume elements of mastics consist of linear-viscoelastic bitumen matrices and elastic spherical filler particles. For validation, shear relaxation moduli of bitumen and bitumen-filler mastics are measured at (Formula presented.) °C (Formula presented.) °C. Additionally, the model is evaluated and compared with the existing analytical solutions. The results indicate that the proposed approach is advantageous as compared to the analytical solutions, as it allows predicting the mastics’ properties over wider temperature, frequency and material ranges at better agreement with the measurements while giving insight into the micromechanical behaviour.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Informa UK Limited, 2022
Keywords
asphalt mastic, Bitumen, master curve, modelling, multiscale, Analytical models, Fillers, Mastic asphalt, Mixtures, Viscoelasticity, Analytical approach, Master-curve, Micromechanical modelling, Modeling, Nonlinear material behavior, Performance, Viscoelastic properties, Forecasting
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-316075 (URN)10.1080/14680629.2021.2011383 (DOI)000730066200001 ()2-s2.0-85121529940 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20250326

Available from: 2022-08-09 Created: 2022-08-09 Last updated: 2025-03-26Bibliographically approved
Fadil, H., Elaguine, D. & Partl, M. (2022). Spherical indentation test for quasi-non-destructive characterisation of asphalt concrete. Materials and Structures, 55(3), Article ID 102.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Spherical indentation test for quasi-non-destructive characterisation of asphalt concrete
2022 (English)In: Materials and Structures, ISSN 1359-5997, E-ISSN 1871-6873, Vol. 55, no 3, article id 102Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The indentation test is a promising technique for the viscoelastic characterisation of asphalt concrete (AC). Indentation measurements are primarily influenced by the material properties in the direct vicinity of the indenter-specimen contact point. Accordingly, it may become a useful alternative for the characterisation of thin asphalt layers as well as for a quasi-non-destructive AC characterisation in the field. In this study, the spherical indentation test is used to measure the linear viscoelastic properties of AC mixtures extracted from a road test section. The measured complex moduli are compared to those obtained by the shear box test and are found to exhibit a linear correlation. The measurements are further analysed using the Gaussian mixture model to assign each indentation test to either aggregate-dominated or mastic-dominated response. The measurements attributed to mastic-dominated response are found to be more sensitive to the temperature and AC's binder properties as compared to the average measurements. Accordingly, the proposed test method may provide a promising tool to measure AC viscoelastic properties and monitor the changes in AC binder phase in a non-destructive manner. A finite element micromechanical model is used to identify a representative scale for the response measured in mastic-dominated tests as well as to quantify the effect of measured properties on the AC damage propensity.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature, 2022
Keywords
Asphalt concrete, Bitumen, Mastic, Multiscale, Indentation, Modelling, Viscoelasticity
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-311628 (URN)10.1617/s11527-022-01945-5 (DOI)000779747500001 ()2-s2.0-85128010207 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20220502

Available from: 2022-05-02 Created: 2022-05-02 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved
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Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0002-1041-0244

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