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Microlens array enhanced upconversion luminescence at low excitation irradiance
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Theoretical Chemistry and Biology.
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Theoretical Chemistry and Biology.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1780-7746
Harbin Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Harbin, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China..
Soochow Univ, Sch Optoelect Sci & Engn, Suzhou 215006, Peoples R China.;Soochow Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Suzhou Nano Sci & Technol, Suzhou 215006, Peoples R China..
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2019 (English)In: Nanoscale, ISSN 2040-3364, E-ISSN 2040-3372, Vol. 11, no 29, p. 14070-14078Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The dearth of high upconversion luminescence (UCL) intensity at low excitation irradiance hinders the prevalent application of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) in many fields ranging from optical bioimaging to photovoltaics. In this work, we propose to use microlens arrays (MLAs) as spatial light modulators to manipulate the distribution of excitation light fields in order to increase UCL, taking advantage of its nonlinear response to the excitation irradiance. We show that multicolored UCL from NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+@NaYF4:Yb3+,Nd3+ and NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+@NaYF4:Yb3+,Nd3+ core/shell UCNPs can be increased by more than one order of magnitude under either 980 or 808 nm excitation, by simply placing a polymeric MLA onto the top of these samples. The observed typical green (525/540 nm) and red (654 nm) UCL bands from Er3+ and a blue (450/475 nm) UCL band from Tm3+ exhibit distinct enhancement factors due to their different multi-photon processes. Importantly, our ray tracing simulation reveals that the MLA is able to spatially confine the excitation light (980 and 808 nm) by orders of magnitude, thus amplifying UCL by more than 225-fold (the 450 nm UCL band of Tm3+) at low excitation irradiance. The proposed MLA method has immediate ramifications for the improved performance of all types of UCNP-based devices, such as UCNP-enhanced dye sensitized solar cells demonstrated here.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY , 2019. Vol. 11, no 29, p. 14070-14078
National Category
Chemical Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-256248DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03105gISI: 000477704400039PubMedID: 31313798Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85069640491OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-256248DiVA, id: diva2:1364805
Note

QC 20191022

Available from: 2019-10-22 Created: 2019-10-22 Last updated: 2024-03-15Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Studies of optical properties of lanthanide upconversion nanoparticles for emerging applications.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Studies of optical properties of lanthanide upconversion nanoparticles for emerging applications.
2020 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

YTTERBY, a small village very close to Stockholm where I live, is the place in the world which has lent its name to the largest number of elements in the periodic table, namely four - YTTRIUM, YTTERBIUM, ERBIUM and TERBIUM. Three more lanthanide elements were discovered from the now empty quarry located in this village. By the time of their discoveries in the 19th century little could be known about their fantastic properties, the versatility of their use and functionality in what we now call nanotechnology. This is a circumstance that motivated me to rather recently enter lanthanide research, in particular studies of their outstanding optical properties for the purpose of information technology and energy harvesting.

So far, upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have been much explored as unique spectral converters for various applications, like biotechnology, information technology and photovoltaic devices due to properties like sharp emission profiles, low autofluorescence and large anti-Stoke shifts. Still, there is much to explore and to understand in order to fully utilize the very unique properties of UCNPs. The kinetic dynamics of the upconversion process is one such aspect that is not well understood, and a deeper understanding of the kinetic dynamics of lanthanide upconversion systems could thus broaden their applications. Therefore, the work of this thesis is focused on investigating the kinetic dynamics of upconversion processes mainly based on systems with NaYF4 as host material, and Yb3+/Er3+ or Yb3+/Tm3+ embedded as sensitizer/activator. Through rate equation models, the kinetic dynamics of upconversion are comparatively investigated with numerical simulations and analytical derivation. The temporal response regarding upconverted luminescence and quantum yield power density dependence, excitation duration response and excitation frequency response of the upconversion systems are investigated and the corresponding applications for multicolor imaging, optical encoding, photovoltaics, IR photodetectors are explored and analyzed in the thesis, taking advantage of the kinetic properties.

Abstract [sv]

YTTERBY, en liten by nära Stockholm där jag bor, är den plats i världen som har lånat sitt namn till det högsta antalet element i det periodiska systemet, nämligen fyra - YTTRIUM, YTTERBIUM, ERBIUM och TERBIUM. Ytterligare tre lantanidelement upptäcktes från det nu tomma stenbrottet som ligger i denna by. Vid deras upptäckter på 1800-talet kunde man inte ana deras fantastiska egenskaper, mångsidigheten i deras användning och deras funktionalitet i det vi nu kallar nanoteknologi. Detta är en omständighet som motiverade mig ganska nyligen att intressera mig för lantanidforskning, i synnerhet studier av deras enastående optiska egenskaper och deras energitillämpningar och användning inom informationsteknik.

Hittills har uppkonverterande nanopartiklar (UCNPs) utforskats mycket som unika spektralkonverterare för olika applikationer, som bioteknik, informationsteknologi och fotovoltaiska enheter på grund deras egenskaper som skarpa emissions profiler, låg autofluorescens och stora anti-Stoke skift. Det finns fortfarande mycket att utforska och förstå för att utnyttja de mycket unika egenskaperna hos dessa partiklar. Den kinetiska dynamiken i upkonverteringsprocessen är en sådan aspekt som inte är väl undersökt ännu, och en djupare förståelse av den kinetiska dynamiken i uppkonverterande lantanid system kan bredda deras tillämpningar. Därför har jag fokuserat arbetet med den här avhandlingen på att undersöka den kinetiska dynamiken i upkonverterings processen huvudsakligen baserat på system med NaYF4 som värdmaterial och Yb3+/Er3+ eller Yb3+/Tm3+ inbäddat som sensibilisator/aktivator. Genom simuleringar av ekvationsmodeller har jag undersökt den kinetiska dynamiken i uppkonversionen jämförande numerisk simulering och analytisk härledning. Det temporära svaret med avseende på uppkonverterad luminescens, det s.k. täthetsberoendet av kvantutbytet och excitation frekvens responsen för olika upkonversionssystem har studerats. Motsvarande tillämpningar för flerfärgs avbildning, optisk kodning, fotovoltaik och IR fotodetektorer undersöks och analyseras i avhandlingen, med speciell fokus på de kinetiska egenskaperna.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2020. p. 73
Series
TRITA-CBH-FOU ; 2020:18
Keywords
Upconversion nanoparticles, solar cells sensitization, near infrared photodetector, multiplex imaging, optical encoding, information technology, bioimaging, rate equation models
National Category
Nano Technology
Research subject
Theoretical Chemistry and Biology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-273038 (URN)978-91-7873-500-6 (ISBN)
Public defence
2020-06-04, https://kth-se.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_E0ALwYOFS-mP-vAFhp2QQw, Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 2020-05-14

Available from: 2020-05-14 Created: 2020-05-07 Last updated: 2022-09-19Bibliographically approved

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Liu, QingyunLiu, HaichunÅgren, Hans

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