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Discrepancies Between Expected and Actual Implementation: the Process Evaluation of PERS Integration in Nursing Homes
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Technology in Health Care.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2069-0507
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Ergonomics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1134-9895
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Technology in Health Care.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0563-3635
2020 (English)In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, E-ISSN 1660-4601, Vol. 17, no 4245Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Recent studies prove that when implementing new technology technology-driven and one-size-fits-all approaches are problematic. This study focuses on the process of implementing personal emergency response system (PERS) at nursing homes. The aim is to understand why the implementation of PERS has not met initial expectations. Multiple methods were used in two Swedish nursing homes, including document analysis, questionnaires (n = 42), participant observation (67 h), and individual interviews (n = 12). A logic model was used to ascertain the discrepancies that emerged between expected and actual implementation, and the domestication theory was used to discuss the underlying meanings of the discrepancies. The discrepancies primarily focused on staff competence, system readiness, work routines, and implementation duration. Corresponding reasons were largely relevant to management issues regarding training, the procurement systems, individual and collective responsibilities as well as invisible work. The uptake of technology in daily practice is far more nuanced than a technology implementation plan might imply. We point out the importance of preparing for implementation, adjusting to new practices, and leaving space and time for facilitating implementation. The findings will be of use to implementers, service providers, and organizational managers to evaluate various measures in the implementation process, enabling them to perform technology implementation faster and more efficiently.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI AG , 2020. Vol. 17, no 4245
National Category
Health Care Service and Management, Health Policy and Services and Health Economy
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-283362DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124245ISI: 000549578900001PubMedID: 32545871Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85086623398OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-283362DiVA, id: diva2:1473626
Note

QC 20201020

Available from: 2020-10-06 Created: 2020-10-06 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Socio-technical Transformations in Care Practices: Investigating the Implementation of Social Alarm Systems in Nursing Homes
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Socio-technical Transformations in Care Practices: Investigating the Implementation of Social Alarm Systems in Nursing Homes
2021 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The worldwide shortage of qualified care workers along with the increasing need for elderly care services has restrained the capacity of nursing homes to offer their residents high-quality care services. Along with digitalization, policymakers believe that technological advancements can improve the efficiency of care and streamline care work, thus helping to alleviate the challenge above. These investments include the creation of new care services by adopting innovations such as social robots, and the update of existing care services by replacing analogue technologies with digital versions, such as social alarm systems. While numerous studies have discussed the implementation of new digital technologies, the digitalization of existing care services has received less attention.This dissertation conducts empirical investigations on the digitalization of social alarm systems in four Swedish nursing homes. By applying theories of social shaping of technology with a focus on socio-technical transformations in care practices, it asks how implementation of the new social alarm systems is socially shaped in care practices. The social alarm system is an established technology that aims to enable users to call for help in emergencies. Based on a literature review of the central theme (Paper I), the dissertation examines discrepancies between planned and actual implementation outcomes (Paper II), differences within a team during project executing (Paper III), and the relationship between individuals’ actual use of technology and the assumptions inscribed in the system and the diverse care concepts in nursing homes (Paper IV). The methodological basis of the dissertation comprises analysis of implementation documents, observations of healthcare professionals’ daily work, interviews with employees of both technology companies and nursing homes, questionnaires completed by healthcare professionals, and a literature review.The results reveal that technology implementation is far from predictable outside the care context. During the implementation process, people from different groups have distinct goals, focus on different facets, and develop diverse approaches for integrating the system into daily work. Frontline professionals determine their ways of using the new social alarm system based on their personal and situational understanding of technology scripts and care concepts under given contexts. The results contribute to theoretical clarifications as well as practical possibilities and limitations to guide the implementation of social alarm systems in nursing homes. The findings indicate that the introduction of a digital social alarm system brings various changes. The digitalization of social alarm services in nursing homes can benefit from a clear positioning of the new system, a common ground for sufficient communication between actors involved, and an in-depth interpretation of local environments, as well as flexible and continuous implementation strategies.

Abstract [sv]

Den globala bristen på kvalificerad vårdpersonal tillsammans med det ökade behovet av äldreomsorgstjänster har begränsat vårdhemmens förmåga att erbjuda sina boende högkvalitativa vårdtjänster. Politiskt är tilltron hög till att digitaliseringen kan förbättra vårdens effektivitet, effektivisera vårdarbetet och därmed möta utmaningen med en växande äldrebefolkning. Nya vårdtjänster skapas med hjälp av digitala tillämpningar, till exempel sociala robotar, samtidigt som befintliga analoga vårdtjänster digitaliseras. Tidigare studier har framförallt fokuserat på implementeringen av helt nya digitala tekniker medan analog teknik som digitaliseras fått mindre uppmärksamhet. Avhandlingen omfattar empiriska studier av implementeringen av digitala larmsystem på fyra vårdboenden och har sitt huvudsakliga fokus på socio-tekniska förändringar i vårdens praktik, hur implementeringen av det nya larmsystemet formas socialt när den kontextualiseras. Larmsystemet är en etablerad teknik som syftar till att göra det möjligt för användare att ringa efter hjälp i nödsituationer. Baserat på en litteraturstudie (Studie I) undersöker bifogade artiklar förväntningarna på den tekniska förändringen uttryckt i roller, genomförandeplaner och strategier (Studie II); skilda uppfattningar inom ett team under genomförandet (Studie III); relationen mellan individernas faktiska teknikanvändning, de antaganden som tillskrivs tekniken från början och förekommande vårdideologi (Studie IV); samt individers roll i hanteringen av det nya systemet och vårdkulturen (Studie IV). Analysen av genomförandedokument, observationer av vårdpersonalens dagliga arbete, intervjuer med människor från både teknikföretag och vårdboenden, frågeformulär med vårdpersonal samt en litteraturöversikt bygger den metodologiska grunden för denna avhandling.Resultaten visar att ny teknik i vården är långt ifrån förutsägbar eller mätbar utanför den kontext där den implementeras. Under implementeringsprocessen har människor i organisationen olika mål, lägger vikt vid olika aspekter och har olika tillvägagångssätt för att integrera systemet i sitt arbete och sin vardag. Vårdpersonalen använder det digitala larmsystemet utifrån sin personliga och förståelse av tekniken, situationen och vården.Avhandlingens huvudsakliga bidrag handlar om teoretiska perspektiv såväl som praktiska möjligheter och begränsningar för implementeringen av sociala larmsystem på vårdboenden. Resultaten indikerar att digitaliseringen av redan kända analoga system medför olika förändringar. Digitaliseringen av larmtjänster på vårdboenden kan tjäna på en bättre kontextualisering av systemet; flexibla och kontinuerliga implementeringsstrategier; och en gemensam grund för ändamålsenlig kommunikation mellan involverade aktörer.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm, Sweden: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2021. p. 56
Series
TRITA-CBH-FOU ; 2021:49
Keywords
Science and technology studies (STS); Technology implementation; Digital transformation; Care practices; Nursing homes; Qualitative research
National Category
Health Care Service and Management, Health Policy and Services and Health Economy Other Social Sciences not elsewhere specified Information Systems, Social aspects
Research subject
Technology and Health
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-304577 (URN)978-91-8040-041-1 (ISBN)
Public defence
2021-12-01, T52, Hälsovägen 11C, Huddinge, 09:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 2021-11-08

Available from: 2021-11-08 Created: 2021-11-08 Last updated: 2025-05-05Bibliographically approved

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Chang, FangyuanEriksson, AndreaÖstlund, Britt

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