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Dynamic Virtual Power Plant Design for Fast Frequency Reserves: Coordinating Hydro and Wind
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Decision and Control Systems (Automatic Control).ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9940-5929
2022 (English)In: IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems, E-ISSN 2325-5870, p. 1-12Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

To ensure frequency stability in future low-inertia power grids, fast ancillary services such as fast frequency reserves (FFR) have been proposed. In this work, the coordination of conventional (slow) frequency containment reserves (FCR) with FFR is treated as a decentralized model matching problem. The design results in a dynamic virtual power plant (DVPP) whose aggregated output fulfills the system operator’s (SO’s) requirements in all time scales, while accounting for the capacity and bandwidth limitation of participating devices. This is illustrated in a 5-machine representation of the Nordic synchronous grid. In the Nordic grid, stability issues and bandwidth limitations associated with non-minimum phase zeros of hydropower is a well-known problem. By simulating the disconnection of a 1400 MW importing dc link, it is shown that the proposed DVPP design allows for coordinating fast FFR from wind, with slow FCR from hydro, while respecting dynamic limitations of all participating devices. The SO’s requirements are fulfilled in a realistic low-inertia scenario without the need to install battery storage or to waste wind energy by curtailing the wind turbines. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2022. p. 1-12
Keywords [en]
Bandwidth, Batteries, Decentralized control, Frequency control, frequency stability, low-inertia power systems, model matching, non-minimum phase, Power system dynamics, Power system stability, smart grid, Time-frequency analysis, Virtual power plants, Battery storage, Electric batteries, Electric frequency control, Electric power system control, Electric power transmission networks, Smart power grids, Wind power, Wind turbines, Battery, Decentralised control, Low-inertia power system, Power, Power systems stability
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-324955DOI: 10.1109/TCNS.2022.3181553ISI: 001073802200014Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85132712599OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-324955DiVA, id: diva2:1746317
Note

QC 20230328

Available from: 2023-03-28 Created: 2023-03-28 Last updated: 2023-10-31Bibliographically approved

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Johansson, Karl Henrik

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