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An open-source and experimentally guided CFD strategy for predicting air distribution in data centers with air-cooling
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Sustainable Buildings.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1285-2334
School of Civil Engineering, ZJU-UIUC Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China.
Alibaba Cloud, Alibaba Group, 969 West Wen Yi Road, Hangzhou 311121, China, 969 West Wen Yi Road.
Alibaba Cloud, Alibaba Group, 969 West Wen Yi Road, Hangzhou 311121, China, 969 West Wen Yi Road.
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2023 (English)In: Building and Environment, ISSN 0360-1323, E-ISSN 1873-684X, Vol. 242, article id 110542Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Data centers are generally over cooled to ensure the trouble free running. In a data center with air-cooling, it is crucial to investigate the air distribution and temperature field to aid the design, which ensures the stable operation with less energy consumption. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is perfect for such a mission, but the cost is high and the user is offered with little customization as commercial software are mostly adopted. Therefore, this study presented a systematic investigation on making use of open-source software, including OpenFOAM and paraView to realize geometry preparation, mesh generation, experimentally guided numerical setup and solution, and results visualization. A JAVA program was developed to ensure the case preparation and simulation in just one command. Self-adapted momentum sources were developed to realize the desired flow rate through the servers. The strategy was validated and demonstrated by a pilot data center from Alibaba cloud, Alibaba group. The developed solver predicted the air temperature in both cold and hot isles of a data center with mean error of 0.7 K. This work initiated a starting point for achieving automated CFD simulation of data centers with open-source tools.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV , 2023. Vol. 242, article id 110542
Keywords [en]
BIM, Built environment, Momentum source, OpenFOAM, ParaView
National Category
Fluid Mechanics Software Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-335307DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110542Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85166738421OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-335307DiVA, id: diva2:1794428
Note

QC 20230905

Available from: 2023-09-05 Created: 2023-09-05 Last updated: 2025-02-09Bibliographically approved

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Liu, Wei

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