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Advancing Cardiovascular Shear Wave Elastography and Image Registration: Method Development and Safety Evaluation
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Medical Imaging.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9090-9028
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, with its burden on health and healthcare systems projected to rise. In cardiovascular diagnostics and treatment strategy decisions, medical imaging plays a significant role. This thesis aims to improve diagnostic tools for stable coronary artery disease, assess the safety of techniques for guiding treatment decisions in carotid artery stenosis, and develop a novel technique for the elastic characterisation of anisotropic tissues.

Accurate diagnosis of stable coronary artery disease demands both anatomical information, on the location and severity of coronary plaques, and functional information, on their haemodynamic impact. A composite image of these types of information could offer greater diagnostic value than examining them separately.In this context, Study I explored image registration of 3D echocardiography with coronary computed tomography angiography. Three image registration algorithms were implemented and validated using patient data. Findings suggest that integrating images from these imaging modalities is feasible, and that iterative closest-point methods can be improved by incorporating orienting landmarks to avoid ventricular rotation.

In assessing carotid artery stenosis, plaque composition is increasingly recognised as an important factor for guiding treatment. Ultrasound-based shear wave elastography is emerging as a promising non-invasive method for plaque characterisation, although its mechanical impact on plaques and arterial walls is not completely understood. Studies II and III evaluated the safety of arterial shear wave elastography ex vivo in porcine models and in vivo in human carotid arteries. Results indicate that this technique exposes the arterial wall to significantly less strain than arterial pulsation, at strain rates comparable to those experienced during strenuous exercise.

In addition to arterial applications, shear wave elastography is increasingly used to measure elasticity of anisotropic tissues, such as the myocardium. However, current techniques can only fully characterise the elastic properties of isotropic tissues. In Study IV, a novel dual-probe shear wave elastography system was developed for elastic characterisation of transversely isotropic tissues, which exhibit multiple wave modes. Ex-vivo experiments successfully tracked all wave modes and demonstrated the system's feasibility to measure all elastic parameters.

Abstract [sv]

Hjärt- och kärlsjukdom är den vanligaste dödsorsaken i världen, och dess börda på folkhälsan och sjukvårdssystem väntas öka. Vid diagnostik och behandlingsbeslut vid hjärt- och kärlsjukdom spelar medicinska bildgivande system en avgörande roll. Denna avhandling syftar till att förbättra diagnostiska verktyg för kronisk kranskärlssjukdom, utvärdera säkerheten hos tekniker för bedömning av halskärlsförträngning, och utveckla en ny teknik för elasticitetsmätning av anisotrop vävnad.

För diagnos av kronisk kranskärlssjukdom krävs både anatomisk information, om förkalkningarnas placering och storlek, och funktionell information, om deras hemodynamiska påverkan. En sammansatt bild av dessa informationstyper kan vara diagnostiskt mer värdefull än de två fristående bilderna. Mot denna bakgrund undersöktes i studie I bildregistrering av tredimensionell ekokardiografi med datortomografi-angiografi. Tre registreringsalgoritmer implementerades och validerades med patientdata. Resultaten tyder på att fusion av bilder från dessa avbildningssystem kan utföras, samt att metoder som baseras på iterativa närmaste-punkten-algoritmen kan förbättras genom att införliva riktningsgivande punkter för att förhindra felaktig rotation av vänster kammare.

Vid bedömning av förkalkning i halskärlen är förkalkningens sammansättning en viktig faktor i behandlingsbeslutet. Ultraljudsbaserad skjuvvågselastografi är en nytillkommen ickeinvasiv teknik för denna karaktärisering, men dess mekaniska inverkan på kärlväggen och förkalkningar är inte studerats ingående. Studierna II och III utvärderade hur säker skjuvvågselastografi är i artärer, ex vivo i grisens kroppspulsåder och in vivo i människans halskärl.

Resultaten tyder på att kärlväggen deformeras betydligt mindre vid skjuvvågselastografi än vid artärpulsation, med en deformationshastighet nära den som orsakas av intensiv träning. Utöver arteriella tilläpmningar används skjuvvågselastografi för att mäta elasticitet i anisotrop vävnad, t. ex. myokardiet. Nuvarande tekniker kan emellertid inte uppmäta alla elastiska parametrar i anisotrop vävnad. I studie IV utvecklades därför en ny teknik med dubbla ultraljudssonder för skjuvvågselastografi av transversellt isotrop vävnad. Mediets båda skjuvvågspolariseringar kunde uppmätas ex vivo, och tekniken kunde uppmäta samtliga elastiska parametrar.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2024. , p. 89
Series
TRITA-CBH-FOU ; 2024:16
Keywords [en]
image registration, shear wave elastography, ultrasound
National Category
Medical Image Processing
Research subject
Medical Technology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-346018ISBN: 978-91-8040-905-6 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-346018DiVA, id: diva2:1855007
Public defence
2024-05-20, T1, Hälsovägen 11, Flemingsberg, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2015-04237Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, 2020-0627, 2021-0536
Note

QC 2024-04-29

Available from: 2024-04-29 Created: 2024-04-29 Last updated: 2024-04-29Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Method comparison for cardiac image registration of coronary computed tomography angiography and 3-D echocardiography
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Method comparison for cardiac image registration of coronary computed tomography angiography and 3-D echocardiography
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2018 (English)In: Journal of Medical Imaging, ISSN 2329-4302, E-ISSN 2329-4310, Vol. 5, no 1, article id 014001Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Treatment decision for coronary artery disease (CAD) is based on both morphological and functional information. Image fusion of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) could combine morphology and function into a single image to facilitate diagnosis. Three semiautomatic feature-based methods for CCTA/3DE registration were implemented and applied on CAD patients. Methods were verified and compared using landmarks manually identified by a cardiologist. All methods were found feasible for CCTA/3DE fusion.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering, 2018
Keywords
coronary artery disease, coronary computed tomography angiography, Image registration, myocardial strain, three-dimensional echocardiography
National Category
Medical Image Processing
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-221697 (URN)10.1117/1.JMI.5.1.014001 (DOI)000429258000032 ()29322069 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85040456297 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2015-04237Stockholm County Council
Note

QC 20180122

Available from: 2018-01-22 Created: 2018-01-22 Last updated: 2024-04-29Bibliographically approved
2. Safety of arterial shear wave elastography-ex-vivo assessment of induced strain and strain rates
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Safety of arterial shear wave elastography-ex-vivo assessment of induced strain and strain rates
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2022 (English)In: Biomedical Engineering & Physics Express, E-ISSN 2057-1976, Vol. 8, no 5, article id 055012Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a promising technique for characterizing carotid plaques and assessing local arterial stiffness. The mechanical stress to which the tissue is subjected during SWE using acoustic radiation force (ARF), leading to strain at a certain strain rate, is still relatively unknown. Because SWEis increasingly used for arterial applications where the mechanical stress could potentially lead to significant consequences, it is important to understand the risks of SWE-induced strain and strain rate. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety of SWE in terms of induced arterial strain and strain rate ex-vivo and in a human carotid artery in-vivo. SWE was performed on six porcine aortae as a model of the human carotid artery using different combinations of ARF push parameters (push voltage: 60/90 V, aperture width: f/1.0/1.5, push length: 100/150/200 mu s) and distance to push position. The largest induced strain and strain rate were 1.46% and 54 s(-1) (90 V, f/ 1.0, 200 mu s), respectively. Moreover, the SWE-induced strains and strain rates increased with increasing push voltage, aperture, push length, and decreasing distance between the region of interest and the push. In the human carotid artery, the SWE-induced maximum strain was 0.06% and the maximum strain rate was 1.58 s(-1), compared with the maximum absolute strain and strain rate of 12.61% and 5.12 s(-1), respectively, induced by blood pressure variations in the cardiac cycle. Our results indicate that ex-vivo arterial SWE does not expose the artery to higher strain rate than normal blood pressure variations, and to strain one order of magnitude higher than normal blood pressure variations, at the push settings and distances from the region of interest used in this study.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IOP Publishing, 2022
Keywords
safety, elastography, shear wave elastography, acoustic radiation force, carotid, arterial stiffness, strain rate
National Category
Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-315905 (URN)10.1088/2057-1976/ac7f39 (DOI)000827259000001 ()35797069 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85134720409 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20220728

Available from: 2022-07-28 Created: 2022-07-28 Last updated: 2024-04-29Bibliographically approved
3. Safety of Shear Wave Elastography as Evidenced from Carotid Artery Strain and Strain Rate Induced by Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse and Arterial Pulsations
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Safety of Shear Wave Elastography as Evidenced from Carotid Artery Strain and Strain Rate Induced by Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse and Arterial Pulsations
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(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Medical Image Processing
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-346014 (URN)
Note

QC 20240502

Available from: 2024-04-29 Created: 2024-04-29 Last updated: 2024-05-02Bibliographically approved
4. Design of a Dual-Probe Setup for Experimental Assessment of Multi-Modal Shear Wave Propagation in Transversely Isotropic Tissues
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Design of a Dual-Probe Setup for Experimental Assessment of Multi-Modal Shear Wave Propagation in Transversely Isotropic Tissues
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(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Medical Image Processing
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-346016 (URN)
Note

QC 20240430

Available from: 2024-04-29 Created: 2024-04-29 Last updated: 2024-04-30Bibliographically approved

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