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Distributed Balancing of Wind Power Forecast Deviations by Intraday Trading and Internal Ex-Ante Self-Balancing - A Modelling Approach
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Electric Power Systems.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2016-1739
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), Electric Power Systems.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6000-9363
2013 (English)In: 2013 24th International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA), New York: IEEE , 2013, p. 176-183Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Wind power generation does on the one hand contribute to a less polluting and more sustainable electric power generation mix. On the other hand, its power output is variable and subject to forecast errors. In real-time, deviations from wind power forecast are handled by the system operator. But expected deviations can already me minimised by power generating companies before real-time. Ways to decrease their expected deviations are intraday trading and/or re-scheduling of own power plants. Both can be regarded as forms of self-balancing before the period of delivery (ex-ante), intraday trading as a form of external ex-ante self-balancing and re-scheduling as internal ex-ante self-balancing. Both can decrease the need for real-time balancing by the system operator. As existing intraday markets are often plagued by low liquidity, it is important to model such not-perfectly liquid intraday markets and simulate different trading and scheduling strategies. This paper presents an approach to model the choice between purely internal self-balancing and internal self-balancing combined with intraday trading on a not fully liquid intraday market. Results from the model runs indicate that intraday trading on a not-perfectly liquid market can be beneficial from the producers as well as from the system's perspective. However, it can result in increased costs if the possibilities to trade on the intraday market are very limited. This is important to consider when investigating the question whether it would be beneficial to distribute a larger share of the balancing responsibility among the power generating companies in order to relieve some pressure from the system operator.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
New York: IEEE , 2013. p. 176-183
Series
Proceedings - International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications, DEXA, ISSN 1529-4188
Keywords [en]
Wind power integration, electricity market, forecast errors, re-scheduling
National Category
Energy Systems
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-133916DOI: 10.1109/DEXA.2013.47ISI: 000335791800032Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84887932827ISBN: 978-0-7695-5070-1 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-133916DiVA, id: diva2:663776
Conference
2nd International Workshop on Intelligent Agent Technology, Power Systems and Energy Markets - IATEM '13 within the 24th International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications, DEXA 2013; Prague; Czech Republic; 26 August 2013 through 29 August 2013
Projects
Elektra 36141: Korttidsplanering av vatten-värmekraftsystem vid stora mängder vindkraft: System-perspektivet
Note

QC 20140609

Available from: 2013-11-12 Created: 2013-11-12 Last updated: 2022-06-23Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Design of Electricity Markets for Efficient Balancing of Wind Power Generation
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Design of Electricity Markets for Efficient Balancing of Wind Power Generation
2015 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Deploying wind power to a larger extent is one solution to reduce negative environmental impacts of electric power supply. However, various challenges are connected with increasing wind power penetration levels. From the perspective of transmission system operators, this includes balancing of varying as well as - to some extent - uncertain generation levels. From the perspective of power generating companies, changes in the generation mix will affect the market's merit order and, hence, their profits. This thesis focuses on provision and use of flexibility in the Nordic electricity market.

First, this thesis studies wind power variations and accuracy of wind power forecasts in Sweden using statistical methods. Even though today’s wind penetration levels are still low in Sweden, power systems and electricity markets have to cope with these characteristics of variations and forecast errors to a larger extent in future.

Second, it investigates to which extent an increased exchange and use of flexibility that is available in the intraday time-frame could efficiently facilitate system balancing and whether this would also be profitable from the power generating companies' perspective. Here, a simulation model is developed that reflects important aspects of production planning and trading decisions in the intraday time-frame. In a first case study, it is shown that the benefits of internal rescheduling strongly depend on the costs to adjust production plans in the intraday time-frame as compared to real-time. In a second case study, it becomes evident that trading flexibility in the intraday time-frame can reduce the need for system balancing more efficiently than internal rescheduling within each balance responsible party.

Motivated by the positive gains of intraday trading and the challenge of appropriately modelling continuous intraday markets, trading activity and price development on Elbas is investigated. The results provide insights into trading behaviour on a continuous intraday market and show that trading is not always in accordance to the power system's physical situation. To the extent to which better information and adaptations in the market design could improve the market participants' base for trading decisions, policy recommendations and further research questions areas suggested.

Abstract [sv]

Att använda vindkraft i en större utsträckning är en möjlighet att minska elproduktionens negativa miljöpåverkan. Det finns dock också olika utmaningar med stora mängder vindkraft. Från ett systemperspektiv gäller det till exempel att hålla balansen mellan tillförsel och konsumtion av el. Från elproducenternas perspektiv bör vindkraftens påverkan på elmarknaden nämnas eftersom det påverka aktörernas vinster. Avhandlingen titta närmare in i hur man kan få tillgång till mer flexibilitet på produktionssidan.

Avhandlingen består av tre delar. För det första undersöks variationer och prognosfel av vindkraft i Sverige med hjälp av statistiska metoder. Även om andel vindkraft hittills är låg i Sverige, behöver elsystemet och elmarknader i framtiden hantera samma egenskaper av själva variationer och prognosfel som idag men i en större utsträckning.

För det andra undersöks hur den flexibiliteten som finns i tidshorisonten några timmar innan leveranstimmen kan utnyttjas för att integrera vindkraften på ett sätt som är både fördelaktigt från systemets och från aktörernas perspektiv. Undersökningen sker med hjälp av en simuleringsmodell som omfattar viktiga delar i produktionsplanering och intradayhandel. I en fallstudie uppvisas att vinster av intern omplanering är i högsta grad beroende på kostnadsskillnaden mellan omplanering några timmar innan leveranstimmen och anpassning av körscheman under själva leveranstimmen. Resultat av ytterligare en fallstudie uppvisar att det är betydligt billigare och mer effektivt att använda intradayhandel istället för intern omplanering för att utnyttja den befintliga flexibiliteten och för att reducera obalanser som systemoperatörer annars behöver ta hand om under leveranstimmen.

Detta är en anledning till att undersöka handelsmönster på Elbas som är en intradaymarknad med kontinuerlig handel. En annan anledning till den här tredje delen är utmaningarna i att modellera kontinuerlig intradayhandel. Studien beskriver handelsaktiviteten på Elbas och hur priserna utvecklas under handelstiden. Ett resultat är att handeln inte alltid återspeglar den fysiska situationen i elsystemet. I den utsträckningen som ett snabbare informationsflöde och förändringar i marknadsdesignen kunde förbättrar aktörernas underlag för intradayhandel, föreslås förbättringar och öppna forskningsfrågor.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2015. p. viii, 84
Series
TRITA-EE, ISSN 1653-5146 ; 2015:031
Keywords
wind power variations, forecast errors, market design, adjustment markets, trading decisions, continuous intraday trading, variable renewable energy
National Category
Energy Systems
Research subject
Electrical Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-171063 (URN)978-91-7595-652-7 (ISBN)
Public defence
2015-10-09, H1, Teknikringen 33, KTH, Stockholm, 10:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Projects
Elektra 36141: Korttidsplanering av vatten-värmekraftsystem vid stora mängder vindkraft: System-perspektivet
Note

QC 20150911

Available from: 2015-09-11 Created: 2015-07-14 Last updated: 2022-06-23Bibliographically approved

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Scharff, RichardAmelin, Mikael

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