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Cropland bird community of rain fed region in India: Abundance, activity pattern and susceptibility topesticide use
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Land and Water Resources Engineering.
(Environment Service Scheme (ESS), Centre for Environment Education (CEE), Pune, 411 007, India.)
(IBA-IBCN, Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai, 400023, India.)
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Land and Water Resources Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4350-9950
2013 (English)In: International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation, E-ISSN 2141-243X, Vol. 5, no 10, p. 616-624Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The activities of cropland birds in an agricultural land are most likely unpredictable in the rain fedregion of Maharashtra, India, and therefore the exposure to risk of pesticides application by croplandbird species cannot be sufficiently categorized. The pattern of abundance, territorial, foraging and otheractivities of cropland avian species was examined at two croplands in Amravati District of MaharashtraState to distinguish the susceptibility of bird species to the application of pesticide use. Overall, 53 birdspecies were identified in the two croplands over two years period during 2011 and 2012, from June toDecember. However, out of 53 species, only 14 species were common (recorded at ≥50 of visits) in bothcroplands. Twenty-one (21) bird species were recorded at Zadgaon Cropland in crops of tur (Cajanuscajan), cotton (Gossypium arboreum) and soybean (Glycine max). Nineteen (19) bird species wererecorded at Bhankhed Cropland for more than 50% of visits in crops of jawar (Sorghum bicolor), cottonand mung (Phaseolus aureus). For Zadgaon cropland, territorial activity is most significant for fourspecies: house sparrow (Passer domesticus), jungle babbler (Turdoides striata), yellow-eyed babbler(Chrysomma sinense) and red-wattled Lapwing (Vanellus indicus). House sparrow and jungle babblerwere maximum, yellow-eyed babbler was less frequent but more than other species in the month ofJune, while red-wattled lapwing was maximum in the month of July. Foraging was the imperativeactivity for most of the species in all months: 24 to 49% of the birds in June; 41 to 61% of the birds inJuly; 63 to 90% of the birds in August; 77 to 97% of the birds in September; 57 to 97% of the birds inOctober; 66 to 98% of the birds in November and 74 to 97% of the birds in December. For Bhankhedcropland, foraging was significantly less for Ashy Prinia (Prinia socialis), Brahminy Myna (Sturniapagodarum) and Black Drongo (Dicrurus macrocercus) in the month of June. The application ofpesticides in croplands took place from June to August, which means four species were under highrisk, 13 species were at medium risk and eight species at low risk. The level and intensity of thisexposure depends on occurrence of types of species in both croplands. This study is significant torecognize crucial species that can be used for detailed study on exposure to pesticides used in cropland.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Academic journals , 2013. Vol. 5, no 10, p. 616-624
Keywords [en]
Cropland birds, agricultural activities, risk exposure, pesticide use, India.
National Category
Natural Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-127411OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-127411DiVA, id: diva2:644034
Note

QC 20130830

Available from: 2013-08-29 Created: 2013-08-29 Last updated: 2024-03-15Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Bird Species in Urban and Agricultural Landscapes: Bird diversity patterns along an urbanisation gradient and crop damage caused by birds on the Deccan Plateau, India
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Bird Species in Urban and Agricultural Landscapes: Bird diversity patterns along an urbanisation gradient and crop damage caused by birds on the Deccan Plateau, India
2014 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The major human activities that have transformed the Earth include agriculture and urbanization. The present study was conducted to contribute to a description of the effect on birds of urbanization and agriculture in an Indian region. Terrestrial bird assemblages were censused along a five-stage urbanisation gradient between January and April 2010-2013 near the city of Amravati, on the Deccan Plateau, Central India. Altogether, 89 species of birds were recorded, with the highest species richness in the rural areas (67 species) and lowest in the urban stage (29 species). The assemblages were significantly nested in all the five stages. Maximum cumulative species abundance (12 399 individuals over four years) was found in the urban stage, and was due to the constant presence of large groups of Rose-ringed Parakeets (Psittacula krameri). The lowest bird abundance was found in the industrial zone (4837 in total), where there was also a nearly two-fold decrease from 2010 to 2013. Thirty-six species demonstrated significant variation in their densities at least in one stage and between at least two months (p<0.05). Densities of 13.9% (n=5) of those species varied significantly in two stages, that of Copsychus saularis in three stages, and of Phoenicurus ochruros, in all five stages. Urban, suburban, periurban and forest stages were characterised by relatively stable species densities (significant changes observed only for 17.2% (n=5), 17.1% (n=6), 12.9% (n=7), and 17.8% (n=16) species, respectively). The additive diversity partitioning indicated that of the overall diversity (gamma-diversity), alpha diversity (within transects located within one stage) contributed 50.1% to the total diversity, and the controbution of within-stage variability was small (2.7%). Additionally, censuses on cultivated fields were taken. In two areas under mixed cropping systems, 53 bird species were identified in the two years period between June and December, 2011 and 2012. Out of the 53 detected species, only 14 were common (recorded at ≥50% of visits). Twenty-one species were recorded at Zadgaon in crops of tur (Cajanus cajan), cotton (Gossypium arboreum) and soybean (Glycine max). Nineteen species were recorded at Bhankhed in jawar (Sorghum bicolor), cotton and mung bean (Phaseolus aureus). At Zadgaon, territorial activity was observed in four species: the House Sparrow (Passer domesticus), Jungle Babbler (Turdoides striata), Yellow-eyed Babbler (Chrysomma sinense) and Red-wattled Lapwing (Vanellus indicus). The study indicated that four bird species were found under high risk, thirteen species at medium risk and eight species at low risk due to pesticide applications in croplands. The extent of crop damage in fields of groundnut, pearl millet, peas, sorghum, and sunflower was assessed by doing actual field censuses. The sustainable solution for reducing crop damage is a need for the farmers and such techniques will help to avoid direct or indirect effects of use of lethal bird control techniques on bird species diversity.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2014. p. x, 31, xiv
Series
TRITA-LWR. PHD, ISSN 1650-8602 ; 2014:08
Keywords
Bird assemblage structure, Forest-urban gradient, Scale-sensitive diversity, Crop depredation, Crop damage assessment, Deccan Plateau, India.
National Category
Natural Sciences
Research subject
Land and Water Resources Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-154421 (URN)978-91-7595-321-2 (ISBN)
Public defence
2014-11-14, Kollegiesalen, Brinellvägen 8, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, Stockholm, 14:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 20141022

Available from: 2014-10-22 Created: 2014-10-20 Last updated: 2022-06-23Bibliographically approved

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Kale, ManojBhattacharya, Prosun

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