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Analysis of Flow Structures in Wake Flows for Train Aerodynamics
KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), Mekanik.
2010 (Engelska)Licentiatavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

Train transportation is a vital part of the transportation system of today anddue to its safe and environmental friendly concept it will be even more impor-tant in the future. The speeds of trains have increased continuously and withhigher speeds the aerodynamic effects become even more important. One aero-dynamic effect that is of vital importance for passengers’ and track workers’safety is slipstream, i.e. the flow that is dragged by the train. Earlier ex-perimental studies have found that for high-speed passenger trains the largestslipstream velocities occur in the wake. Therefore the work in this thesis isdevoted to wake flows. First a test case, a surface-mounted cube, is simulatedto test the analysis methodology that is later applied to a train geometry, theAerodynamic Train Model (ATM). Results on both geometries are comparedwith other studies, which are either numerical or experimental. The comparisonfor the cube between simulated results and other studies is satisfactory, whiledue to a trip wire in the experiment the results for the ATM do not match.The computed flow fields are used to compute the POD and Koopman modes.For the cube this is done in two regions of the flow, one to compare with a priorpublished study Manhart & Wengle (1993) and another covering more of theflow and especially the wake of the cube. For the ATM, a region containing theimportant flow structures is identified in the wake, by looking at instantaneousand fluctuating velocities. To ensure converged POD modes two methods toinvestigate the convergence are proposed, tested and applied. Analysis of themodes enables the identification of the important flow structures. The flowtopologies of the two geometries are very different and the flow structures arealso different, but the same methodology can be applied in both cases. For thesurface-mounted cube, three groups of flow structures are found. First groupis the mean flow and then two kinds of perturbations around the mean flow.The first perturbation is at the edge of the wake, relating to the shear layerbetween the free stream and the disturbed flow. The second perturbation isinside the wake and is the convection of vortices. These groups would then betypical of the separation bubble that exists in the wake of the cube. For theATM the main flow topology consists of two counter rotating vortices. Thiscan be seen in the decomposed modes, which, except for the mean flow, almostonly contain flow structures relating to these vortices.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
2010. , s. 136
Serie
Trita-MEK, ISSN 0348-467X ; 2010:04
Nyckelord [en]
Train Aerodynamics, Slipstream, Wake Flow, Detached-EddySimulation, Proper Orthogonal Decomposition, Koopman Mode Decomposi-tion, Surface-mounted Cube, Aerodynamic Train Model
Nationell ämneskategori
Strömningsmekanik Farkost och rymdteknik
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-12746ISBN: 978-91-7415-651-5 (tryckt)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-12746DiVA, id: diva2:318538
Presentation
2010-05-28, MWL74, Teknikringen 8, KTH, 13:15 (Engelska)
Opponent
Handledare
Projekt
Gröna Tåget
Anmärkning
QC 20100518Tillgänglig från: 2010-05-18 Skapad: 2010-05-07 Senast uppdaterad: 2025-02-14Bibliografiskt granskad
Delarbeten
1. Mode Decomposition of the Flow Behind the Aerodynamic Train Model Simulated by Detached Eddy Simulation
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Mode Decomposition of the Flow Behind the Aerodynamic Train Model Simulated by Detached Eddy Simulation
2010 (Engelska)Rapport (Övrig (populärvetenskap, debatt, mm))
Serie
Trita-AVE, ISSN 1651-7660 ; 2010:28
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-12886 (URN)
Anmärkning
QC 20100518Tillgänglig från: 2010-05-18 Skapad: 2010-05-18 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-06-25Bibliografiskt granskad
2. Detached Eddy Simulation and Validation on the Aerodynamic Train Model
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Detached Eddy Simulation and Validation on the Aerodynamic Train Model
Visa övriga...
2009 (Engelska)Ingår i: EUROMECH COLLOQUIUM 509: Vehicle Aerodynamics, 2009Konferensbidrag, Publicerat paper (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

We present CFD-simulations of the flow around the aerodynamic train model(ATM). The turbulence modelling technique is detached eddy-simulation(DES), where the DES model is based on the k-ω SST RANS model. TheReynolds number for the simulation is 60.000 based on the hydraulic diame-ter (3m in full scale), free-stream velocity and kinematic viscosity of air. Themodel used is in 1:50 scale. The numerical results are compared to water tunnelexperimental data on the ATM available from the German Aerospace Center(DLR). The velocity field is measured using particle image velocimetry (PIV).The numerical setup is made to match the experimental setup as close as possi-ble. Focus of the analysis is on the flow in the wake of the train. Comparisonsof the averaged velocity and the velocity fluctuations in the wake shows that theoverall levels and trends are captured by the numerical simulations. However,the peak value of the velocity magnitude in the wake seems to be overestimatedby the DES technique used.

Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-12745 (URN)
Projekt
Gröna Tåget
Anmärkning
QC 20100518Tillgänglig från: 2010-05-18 Skapad: 2010-05-07 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-06-25Bibliografiskt granskad
3. Mode Decomposition on Surface-Mounted Cube
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Mode Decomposition on Surface-Mounted Cube
2012 (Engelska)Ingår i: Flow Turbulence and Combustion, ISSN 1386-6184, E-ISSN 1573-1987, Vol. 88, nr 3, s. 279-310Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

In this paper, the flow around the surface-mounted cube is decomposed into modes using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and Koopman mode decomposition, respectively. The objective of the paper is twofold. Firstly, a comparison of the two decomposition methods for a highly separated flow is performed. Secondly, an evaluation of Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) for simulating a time-accurate flow, to be used as input data for the two mode decomposition methods, is accomplished. The knowledge on the accuracy and usefulness of the modes computed with from DES flow fields can then be the foundation for other studies for applied geometries in vehicle aerodynamics. The flow is simulated using DES, which enables time-accurate simulations on flows around realistic vehicle geometries. Most of the first eight modes computed with DES in a reference domain can also be found among the first eight computed with LES in reference work. Since the POD modes computed with DES resemble those computed with LES, the conclusion is that DES is suitable to use for mode decomposition. When comparing the POD and Koopman modes, many similarities can be found in both the spatial and temporal modes. For this case, where the flow contains a broad band of frequencies, it is concluded that the advantage of using Koopman modes, decomposing by frequency, cannot be fully utilized, and Koopman modes are very similar to the POD modes.

Nyckelord
Detached Eddy Simulation, Koopman mode decomposition, Proper orthogonal decomposition, Surface-mounted cube
Nationell ämneskategori
Strömningsmekanik
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-12884 (URN)10.1007/s10494-011-9355-y (DOI)000303203500001 ()2-s2.0-84861458133 (Scopus ID)
Forskningsfinansiär
TrenOp, Transport Research Environment with Novel PerspectivesSwedish e‐Science Research Center
Anmärkning

QC 20120511

Tillgänglig från: 2010-05-18 Skapad: 2010-05-18 Senast uppdaterad: 2025-02-09Bibliografiskt granskad

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