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Environmentally friendly plasticizers for poly(vinyl chloride)- Improved mechanical properties and compatibility by using branched poly(butylene adipate) as a polymeric plasticizer
KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Fibre and Polymer Technology.
KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Fibre and Polymer Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7790-8987
2006 (English)In: Journal of Applied Polymer Science, ISSN 0021-8995, E-ISSN 1097-4628, Vol. 100, no 3, p. 2180-2188Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Linear and branched poly(butylene adipate)s (PBA) with molecular weights ranging from 2000 to 10,000 g/mol, and a branching agent content between 0 and 1.8%, were solution cast with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) to form 50- to 60-mu m thick flexible films. Dry films were analyzed by tensile testing, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and optical microscopy (OM) to study the effects of molecular weight and branching on the plasticizing efficiency of the polyester. PBA formed a semimiscible two-phase system with PVC, where the amorphous part exhibited a single glass transition temperature. The degree of crystallinity for the polyester, Surface composition, and mechanical properties of the films depended on the blend composition, molecular weight, and degree of branching of the polyester. Plasticizing efficiency was improved by higher degree of branching.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2006. Vol. 100, no 3, p. 2180-2188
Keywords [en]
Blends; Mechanical properties; Plasticizer; Poly(butylene adipate); Poly(vinyl chloride); Differential scanning calorimetry; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Glass transition; Mechanical properties; Molecular weight; Optical microscopy; Polyesters; Polyvinyl chlorides; Tensile testing; Thick films; calorimetry; crystallinity; molecular weight; plasticizing agent; polyester; polymer blend; polyvinyl chloride; spectroscopy; tensile property
National Category
Polymer Chemistry Polymer Technologies
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-6756DOI: 10.1002/app.23633ISI: 000236150300061Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-33646015702OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-6756DiVA, id: diva2:11557
Note

QC 20100805

Available from: 2007-02-14 Created: 2007-02-14 Last updated: 2022-06-26Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Environmentally Friendly Plasticizers for PVC: Improved Material Properties and Long-term Performance Through Plasticizer Design
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Environmentally Friendly Plasticizers for PVC: Improved Material Properties and Long-term Performance Through Plasticizer Design
2007 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other scientific)
Abstract [en]

Linear and branched poly(butylene adipate) polyesters with number-average molecular weights ranging from 700 to 10 000 g/mol, and degrees of branching ranging from very low to hyperbranched were solution cast with PVC to study the effects of chemical structure, molecular weight, end-group functionality, and chain architecture on plasticizing efficiency and durability. Miscibility was evaluated by the existence of a single glass transition temperature and a shift of the carbonyl group absorption band. Desirable mechanical properties were achieved in flexible PVC films containing 40 weight-% of polyester plasticizer. Methyl-ester-terminated polyesters with a low degree of branching and an intermediate molecular weight enhanced the plasticizing efficiency, as shown by greater elongation, good miscibility, and reduced surface segregation. A solid-phase extraction method was developed to extract the low molecular weight products that migrated from pure poly(butylene adipate) and PVC/ poly(butylene adipate) films during aging in water. The effects of branching, molecular weight, end-group functionality, and polydispersity on plasticizer permanence were evaluated by quantification of low molecular weight hydrolysis products, weight loss, surface segregation, and the preservation of material properties during aging. A more migration-resistant polymeric plasticizer was obtained by combining a low degree of branching, hydrolysis-protecting end-groups, and higher molecular weight of the polyester. Films plasticized with a slightly branched polyester showed the best durability and preservation of material and mechanical properties during aging. A high degree of branching resulted in partial miscibility with PVC, poor mechanical properties, and low migration resistance. The thermal stability of polyester-plasticized films was higher than that of films containing a low molecular weight plasticizer, and the stabilizing effect increased with increasing plasticizer concentration.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH, 2007. p. 66
Series
Trita-FPT-Report, ISSN 1652-2443 ; 2006:45
Keywords
poly(butylene adipate), poly(vinyl chloride), plasticizers, miscibility, mechanical properties, surface segregation, migration, degradation products
National Category
Polymer Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4272 (URN)978-91-7178-557-2 (ISBN)
Public defence
2007-02-16, Sal F3, KTH, Lindstedtsvägen 26, Stockholm, 10:00
Opponent
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Note
QC 20100805Available from: 2007-02-14 Created: 2007-02-14 Last updated: 2022-06-26Bibliographically approved

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Hakkarainen, Minna

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