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Stability of hexaaluminate-based catalysts for high-temperature catalytic combustion of methane
KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemical Engineering and Technology, Chemical Technology.
KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemical Engineering and Technology, Chemical Technology.
KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemical Engineering and Technology, Chemical Technology.
2008 (English)In: Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, ISSN 0926-3373, E-ISSN 1873-3883, Vol. 84, no 1-2, p. 241-250Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Lanthanum hexaaluminate with a nominal composition of LaAl11O18 Was used to support 20 wt.% of LaMnO3 and CeO2. LaAl11O18 was prepared through co-precipitation of metal nitrates within the water phase of an isooctane/CFAB/1-butanol microemulsion. The stabilities of the prepared catalysts were assessed by measuring the activities for combustion of methane before and after aging at 1000 degrees C for 100h in air with 10 vol.% H2O. The activities were compared with LaMnAl11O19, due to its well-documented stability. It was shown that by using hydrothermal treatment of the microemulsion, a significantly higher surface area was obtained for the LaAl11O18. For LaMnO3, the reference support (Al2O3) was shown to be superior to LaAl11O18 as support, both in terms of activity and stability. Reactions between LaMnO3 and support were observed for all supports included in the study. For CeO2, LaAl11O18 was superior to Al2O3 as support. Deactivations of the CeO2 catalysts were linked to crystal growth of CeO2. LMHA deactivated strongly during aging; LaMnO3 on Al2O3 and several of the catalysts with CeO2 supported on LaAl11O18 showed a much more stable behavior.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2008. Vol. 84, no 1-2, p. 241-250
Keywords [en]
Catalytic combustion; Hexaaluminate; Methane; LaMnO3; CeO2; Microemulsion
National Category
Chemical Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-7062DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2008.04.002ISI: 000260728300031Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-52049125463OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-7062DiVA, id: diva2:11957
Note
QC 20100719. Uppdaterad från submitted till published (20100719).Available from: 2007-05-08 Created: 2007-05-08 Last updated: 2022-06-26Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Nanomaterials for high-temperature catalytic combustion
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Nanomaterials for high-temperature catalytic combustion
2007 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other scientific)
Abstract [sv]

Katalytisk förbränning är en lovande teknik för användning vid kraftgenerering, särskilt för gasturbiner. Genom att använda katalytisk förbränning kan man nå mycket låga emissioner av kväveoxider (NOX), kolmonoxid (CO) och oförbrända kolväten (UHC) samtidigt, vilket är svårt vid konventionell förbränning. Förutom att man erhåller låga emissioner, kan katalytisk förbränning stabilisera förbränningen och kan därmed användas för att uppnå stabil förbränning för gaser med låga värmevärden.

Denna avhandling behandlar huvudsakligen högtemperaturdelen av den katalytiska förbränningskammaren. Kraven på denna del har visat sig svåra att nå. För att den katalytiska förbränningskammaren ska kunna göras till ett alternativ till den konventionella, måste katalysatorer med bättre stabilitet och aktivitet utvecklas.

Målet med denna avhandling har varit att utveckla katalysatorer med högre aktivitet och stabilitet, lämpliga för högtemperaturdelen av en katalytisk förbränningskammare för förbränning av naturgas.

En mikroemulsionsbaserad framställningsmetod utvecklades för att undersöka om den kunde ge katalysatorer med bättre stabilitet och aktivitet. Bärarmaterial som är kända för sin stabilitet, magnesia och hexaaluminat, framställdes med den nya metoden. Mikroemulsionsmetoden användes också för att impregnera de framställda materialen med de mer aktiva materialen perovskit (LaMnO3) och ceriumdioxid (CeO2). Det visade sig att mikroemulsionsmetoden kan användas för att framställa katalysatorer med bättre aktivitet jämfört med de konventionella framställningsmetoderna. Genom att använda mikroemulsionen för att lägga på aktiva material på bäraren erhölls också en högre aktivitet jämfört med konventionella beläggningsstekniker.

Eftersom katalysatorerna ska användas under lång tid i förbräningskammaren utfördes också en åldringsstudie. Som jämförelse användes en av de mest stabila materialen som rapporterats i litteraturen: LMHA (mangan-substituerad lantan-hexaaluminat). Resultaten visade att LMHA deaktiverade mycket mer jämfört med flera av katalysatorerna innehållande ceriumdioxid på hexaaluminat som framställts med den utvecklade mikroemulsionstekniken.

Abstract [en]

Catalytic combustion is a promising technology for power applications, especially gas turbines. By using catalytic combustion ultra low emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOX), carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (UHC) can be reached simultaneously, which is very difficult with conventional combustion technologies. Besides achieving low emission levels, catalytic combustion can stabilize the combustion and thereby be used to obtain stable combustion with low heating-value gases. This thesis is focused on the high temperature part of the catalytic combustor. The level of performance demanded on this part has been proven hard to achieve. In order to make the catalytic combustor an alternative to the conventional flame combustor, more stable catalysts with higher activity have to be developed.

The objective of this work was to develop catalysts with higher activity and stability, suitable for the high-temperature part of a catalytic combustor fueled by natural gas. A microemulsion-based preparation method was developed for this purpose in an attempt to increase the stability and activity of the catalysts. Supports known for their stability, magnesia and hexaaluminate, were prepared using the new method. The microemulsion method was also used to impregnate the prepared material with the more active materials perovskite (LaMnO3) and ceria (CeO2). It was shown that the microemulsion method could be used to prepare catalysts with better activity compared to the conventional methods. Furthermore, by using the microemulsion to apply active materials onto the support a significantly higher activity was obtained than when using conventional impregnation techniques.

Since the catalysts will operate in the catalytic combustor for extended periods of time under harsh conditions, an aging study was performed. One of the most stable catalysts reported in the literature, LMHA (manganese-substituted lanthanum hexaaluminate), was included in the study for comparison purposes. The results show that LMHA deactivated much more strongly compared to several of the catalysts consisting of ceria supported on lanthanum hexaaluminate prepared by the developed microemulsion method.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH, 2007. p. xii, 67
Series
Trita-CHE-Report, ISSN 1654-1081 ; 2007:24
Keywords
catalytic combustion, microemulsion, hexaaluminate, magnesia, perovskite, ceria, methane, gas turbine, katalytisk förbränning, mikroemulsion, hexaaluminat, magnesia, perovskit, ceriumdioxid, metan, gasturbin
National Category
Chemical Process Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4360 (URN)978-91-7178-656-2 (ISBN)
Presentation
2007-05-16, 593, Teknikringen 42, 100 44 Stockholm, 14:00
Supervisors
Note
QC 20101104Available from: 2007-05-08 Created: 2007-05-08 Last updated: 2022-06-26Bibliographically approved
2. Nanotemplated High-Temperature Materials for Catalytic Combustion
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Nanotemplated High-Temperature Materials for Catalytic Combustion
2008 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other scientific)
Abstract [en]

Catalytic combustion is a promising technology for heat and power applications, especially gas turbines. By using catalytic combustion ultra low emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOX), carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons (UHC) can be reached simultaneously, which is very difficult with conventional combustion technologies. Besides achieving low emission levels, catalytic combustion can stabilize the combustion and thereby be used to obtain stable combustion with low heating-value gases. This thesis is focused on the high-temperature part of the catalytic combustor. The level of performance demanded on this part has proven hard to achieve. In order to make the catalytic combustor an alternative to the conventional flame combustor, more stable catalysts with higher activity have to be developed.

The objective of this work was to develop catalysts with higher activity and stability, suitable for the high-temperature part of a catalytic combustor fueled by natural gas. Two template-based preparation methods were developed for this purpose. One method was based on soft templates (microemulsion) and the other on hard templates (carbon). Supports known for their stability, magnesia and hexaaluminate, were prepared using the developed methods. Catalytically active materials, perovskite (LaMnO3) and ceria (CeO2), were added to the supports in order to obtain catalysts with high activities and stabilities. The supports were impregnated with active materials by using a conventional technique as well as by using the microemulsion technique.

It was shown that the microemulsion method can be used to prepare catalysts with higher activity compared to the conventional methods. Furthermore, by using a microemulsion to apply active materials onto the support a significantly higher activity was obtained than when using the conventional impregnation technique. Since the catalysts will operate in the catalytic combustor for extended periods of time under harsh conditions, an aging study was performed on selected catalysts prepared by the microemulsion technique. The stability of the catalysts was assessed by measuring the activity before and after aging at 1000 C in humid air for 100 h. One of the most stable catalysts reported in the literature, LMHA (manganese-substituted lanthanum hexaaluminate), was included in the study for comparative purposes. The results showed that LMHA deactivated much more strongly compared to several of the catalysts consisting of ceria supported on lanthanum hexaaluminate prepared by the developed microemulsion method.

Carbon templating was shown be a very good technique for the preparation of high-surface-area hexaaluminates with excellent sintering resistance. It was found that the pore size distribution of the carbon used as template was a crucial parameter in the preparation of hexaaluminates. When a carbon with small pores was used as template, the formation of the hexaaluminate crystals was strongly inhibited. This resulted in a material with poor sintering resistance. On the other hand, if a carbon with larger pores was used as template, it was possible to prepare materials with hexaaluminate as the major phase. These materials were, after accelerated aging at 1400 C in humid air, shown to retain surface areas twice as high as reported for conventionally prepared materials.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH, 2008. p. xiii, 76
Series
Trita-CHE-Report, ISSN 1654-1081 ; 2008:46
Keywords
Carbon templating, Catalytic combustion, Ceria, Gas turbine, Hexaaluminate, Magnesia, Methane, Microemulsion, Perovskite
National Category
Chemical Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4800 (URN)978-91-7415-019-3 (ISBN)
Public defence
2008-06-13, D1, Huvudbyggnaden, Lindstedtsvägen 17, Stockholm, 10:00
Opponent
Supervisors
Note
QC 20100719Available from: 2008-06-04 Created: 2008-06-04 Last updated: 2022-06-26Bibliographically approved

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