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To know a subject - Teachers' views about the subject of technology: How the subject of technology is described and approached by teachers in the lower secondary school
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Learning, Learning in Stem.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3957-1914
2021 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

For teaching to be successful, teachers must be well-educated and have knowledge in many different fields. With a combination of solid subject knowledge, good teaching skills and the ability to balance these qualities, teachers can support students’ learning. However, Swedish compulsory school technology teaching does not always meet the requirements for a desired learning environment.   This thesis aims to extend our knowledge of how teachers perceive the subject of technology, its content and purpose and our understanding of how the teachers develop this knowledge. Two sets of data have resulted in three separate studies. Study 1 (paper 1) focus on experienced technology teachers’ views of their own teaching. Study 2 and 3 (paper 2 and 3 respectively) concern the views of novice technology teachers. Different theoretical frameworks enable understanding of the analysis. The pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) framework is applied on in-depth interviews. Theories about curriculum emphases together with a conceptual framework for technology concerning the subjects’ content were applied on the short-answer interviews about purpose and content of the subject. Findings show that experienced technology teacher highlight different purposes for technology education (depending on background) but agree upon that teaching must be student-active. They emphasize the design process as important and specific for the subject and that technology teaching requires various support structures for learning to take place. The novice teachers describe the subject as being hard to grasp with a difficult to understand syllabus. They express uncertainty about planning, implementing, and assessing teaching in relation to certain content as well as practical activities.     The three studies, separately and together, point to the importance of subject knowledge. Understanding of the technology subject seems to be the first step towards grasping how the subject should be taught. Future training of technology teachers must focus on knowledge of the subject's characteristics and understanding the subject’s purpose and content. A greater effort is also needed for everyone involved to create a common vision concerning the nature, purpose, and place of the technology subject in Swedish schools that contributes to pupils' understanding of the world around them while laying a good foundation for their further studies

Abstract [sv]

Undervisning i skolämnet teknik behöver, precis som alla skolämnen, ha välut­bild­ade lärare med såväl breda som djupa kunskaper inom ämnet. Kombinationen goda ämnes­kun­skaper, goda pedagogiska färdigheter och förmågan att balansera dessa till­sammans möjliggör för läraren att stödja elevernas lärande och få till en miljö som möjliggör inlärning. Dock har det visat sig att teknikundervisning i grundskolan inte alltid lever upp till kraven och att teknikundervisning därmed riskera att inte knytas till teknikämnets syfte och innehåll.    Denna uppsats syftar till att ge ökad kunskap om hur lärare uppfattar ämnet teknik, dess innehåll och syfte, samt att förstå hur lärarna utvecklar sin kunskap inom skolämnet teknik. Två datainsamlingar har resulterat i tre delstudier. Studie 1 fokuserar på erfarna tekniklärare och deras beskrivningar av sin egen under­visning. Studie 2 och 3 utgår empirin från blivande tekniklärares utsagor. Insamlad data utgår från kortare eller längre intervjuer med deltagande lärare. Olika teoretiska ramar möjliggör förståelse av den insamlade empirin där pedagogiska ämneskunskaper (PCK, pedagogical content knowledge) tillämpas på materialet från de genomförda längre intervjuerna. Teorier som utgår från kunskapsemfaser för de naturvetenskapliga ämnena samt teknik tillsammans med ett konceptuellt ramverk för teknikämnet som rör kunskapsinnehållet tillämpades på de kortare inter­vjuerna utifrån ämnets syfte och innehåll.       Resultaten visar att erfaren tekniklärare lyfter fram olika syften (beroende av bakgrund) för teknik­undervisningen men är överens om att undervisningen måste vara elevaktiv. De betonar designprocessen som viktig och specifik för ämnet och att teknikunder­visningen kräver olika stödstrukturer för att lärandet ska kunna ske. De blivande lärarna beskriver ämnet som svårt att greppa med en svår­för­ståelig kursplan. De uttrycker osäkerhet om planering, implementering och be­döm­­ning av under­visning i relation till visst ämnesinnehåll samt kring praktiska aktiviteter.                  De tre studierna pekar alla på vikten av goda ämneskunskaper och en förståelse för teknik­ämnet karaktär. Dessa kunskaper utgör ett första steg mot att förstå hur ämnet kan undervisas. Utbildning av tekniklärare framöver behöver även fokusera på förståelse av ämnets syfte och innehåll för att undervisning i teknik ska kunna bidrar till att utveckla elevernas förståelse för omvärlden och samtidigt lägger en god grund för deras vidare studier.                    

Nyckelord: teknikundervisning, tekniklärare, grundskola 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2021. , p. 79
Series
TRITA-ITM-AVL ; 2021:31
Keywords [en]
Technology education, experienced technology teachers, novice technology teachers, compulsory school
National Category
Educational Sciences Didactics
Research subject
Education and Communication in the Technological Sciences; Technology and Learning
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-294564ISBN: 978-91-7873-801-4 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-294564DiVA, id: diva2:1557396
Presentation
2021-08-20, https://kth-se.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_UtmemMrDSxuLgG9SOfpeIA, Stockholm, 10:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2021-06-02 Created: 2021-05-25 Last updated: 2022-07-08Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Experienced technology teachers' teaching practices
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Experienced technology teachers' teaching practices
2020 (English)In: International journal of technology and design education, ISSN 0957-7572, E-ISSN 1573-1804, Vol. 30, no 1, p. 163-186Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Teachers' teaching practice plays a key role in the learning process of pupils, and for teaching to be successful, teachers must have knowledge in many different fields. This obviously also applies to teaching the subject technology. However, lower secondary school technology education in Sweden has reportedly been described in terms of teaching not following the curriculum along with widespread uncertainty among teachers regarding how to design their teaching practices. To address this national challenge, we need to understand the existing technology teaching practice. The purpose of this study is therefore to explore the considerations experienced technology teachers make. The study is based on interviews with technology teachers who work in lower secondary school (13--15-year-old pupils). The collected data consist of teacher's statements regarding their own expertise and teaching practice. To visualize the described teaching practice we have analysed collected data through the lens of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK). The results show both similarities and differences in the teachers' descriptions. Speaking in terms of PCK, the purpose and teaching focus expressed by the respondents, framed within the category `Orientations to teach technology', vary considerably. However, regarding `instructional strategies', the consensus among those experienced teachers is striking. Experienced technology teachers' teaching practices are proven to provide valuable information about the subject's potential, and the findings offer a basis for the future development of the subject of technology as well as future teacher education and professional development courses.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer, 2020
Keywords
technology education, experienced teachers, teachers' practice, PCK, lower secondary school
National Category
Didactics
Research subject
Technology and Learning; Education and Communication in the Technological Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-246074 (URN)10.1007/s10798-019-09494-9 (DOI)000519372100009 ()2-s2.0-85060727852 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20190318

Available from: 2019-03-12 Created: 2019-03-12 Last updated: 2023-09-27Bibliographically approved
2. Conceptualisations of technology education: What and why?: A longitudinal study of Swedish teachers partaking in a professional development course in technology
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Conceptualisations of technology education: What and why?: A longitudinal study of Swedish teachers partaking in a professional development course in technology
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

How teachers conceptualise technology education, what their thoughts and beliefs are concerning the subject’s content and purpose, is important to study in order to understand technology’s role in school. This is a study of how the subject of technology is conceptualised by 14 Swedish lower secondary school teachers who partook in a professional development course to become certified technology teachers. The respondents were interviewed on three occasions during the three semesters that the course lasted. They were asked about their knowledge and beliefs concerning the technology subject’s content and why pupils should learn it. The respondents provided a quite broad view of the technology subject, including technology and society in present time and historically, abilities to create and understand technical artefacts, and vaguely described ‘engineering thinking’. They explained that the purpose of mandatory technology education was to support a general interest in technology and technology education, and to be of use in everyday life and as a means to understand modern society. The respondents’ answers varied surprisingly little between the interview occasions, but a tendency observed was that they used more subject-specific terms later in the course. They also mentioned ‘engineering thinking’ to a greater degree. The respondents expressed quite clear opinions concerning the subject of technology and explicitly mentioned social perspectives on technology. Judging from previous studies of Swedish technology teachers in compulsory school, these are uncommon traits.

Keywords
technology education, professional development, compulsory school
National Category
Social Sciences
Research subject
Technology and Learning; Education and Communication in the Technological Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-294563 (URN)
Note

QC 20210518

Available from: 2021-05-17 Created: 2021-05-17 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved
3. Changing Competencies, Changing Attitudes? How Teachers Become Technology Teachers.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Changing Competencies, Changing Attitudes? How Teachers Become Technology Teachers.
2018 (English)In: 36th International Pupils’ Attitudes Towards Technology Conference, Athlone Institute of Technology, Co. Westmeath, Ireland, 18-21 June 2018 / [ed] N. Seery, J. Buckley, D. Canty & J. Phelan (Eds.),, 2018, p. 16-22-Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

There are not sufficiently many trained technology teachers in compulsory schools in Sweden. One way to meet the need is to train teachers that teach other subjects in technology. Professional development courses are offered within a national programme, called Lärarlyftet (‘Boost for teachers’). The aim is to give the participants sufficient content knowledge and subject-specific pedagogical knowledge to enable them to teach technology according to the current syllabus.  In this study, 14 lower secondary school teachers participating in a professional development course in technology in Lärarlyftet are followed. The course consists of three semesters of part time studies, corresponding to 30 weeks of full time studies (45 ECTS credits). The participants, with different disciplinary backgrounds want to broaden their competences in technology. The purpose of the study is to investigate how teachers’ perception of the technology subject and their own knowledge of it. The study is longitudinal, with interviews at the onset of the course, in the middle, and near the end. During the course, the respondents experience increased self-confidence concerning teaching technology. They are also more competent in describing their own strengths and shortcomings. Their main worries at the end concern insufficient knowledge about planning and assessment, and also the lack of certain technical skills and shallow knowledge concerning engineering science-based content such as electronics and automatic control. They also express that their own view of the technology subject has been positively enhanced and that it has a legitimate place as an independent subject in the curriculum.

Keywords
technology teachers, teacher training, teacher competence, professional development
National Category
Social Sciences
Research subject
Technology and Learning
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-294561 (URN)
Conference
36th International Pupils’ Attitudes Towards Technology Conference, Athlone Institute of Technology, Co. Westmeath, Ireland,
Note

QC 20210526

Available from: 2021-05-17 Created: 2021-05-17 Last updated: 2024-03-15Bibliographically approved

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