This chapter takes a closer look at cognitive flexibility. Firstly, we define this core cognitive capacity and explain why it is good to have it to a high degree. Secondly, we examine the link between the meditation techniques promoted here (see Chap. 2 ) and increased cognitive flexibility, as well as the impact on other psychological capacities. Thirdly, we point out that high cognitive flexibility (as an example of such improved psychological capacities) does not guarantee responsible moral decision-making. Consequently we need a robust, and action guiding, moral framework which can anchor these capacities and guide vacillating agents. The chapter finishes with a brief discussion of the connection between improved core cognitive capacities and the installing of a set of key epistemic virtues. This subject is then expanded on in Chap. 5.