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Dynamic response of driven end-bearing piles and a pile group in soft clay: an experimental validation study
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4203-145X
Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Civil Engn, Kasteelpk Arenberg 40, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium..ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9273-3038
Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Civil Engn, Kasteelpk Arenberg 40, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium..
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges. ELU Konsult AB, Valhallavagen 117, S-11531 Stockholm, Sweden..ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2347-0681
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2022 (English)In: Engineering structures, ISSN 0141-0296, E-ISSN 1873-7323, Vol. 267, article id 114629Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This paper presents novel measurement data on the dynamic soil-structure interaction of an end-bearing pile foundation. The purpose is to assess the ability to predict the foundation impedances based on the small-strain properties of the soil obtained from site investigations. Measurements were performed in two stages of construction, allowing to assess interaction between the piles through the soil. First, single pile impedances and interaction factors between the piles were experimentally obtained for the four piles when they were free to move at the surface. Second, the impedances of the square pile group were measured after casting a concrete pile cap. The piles were additionally instrumented with accelerometers at depth along the centerline of each pile, allowing to illustrate the global behaviour of the piles within the soil. Numerical predictions based solely on information of the small-strain soil properties obtained from extensive site investigations are compared to the experimental results. The impedances of the individual piles are overestimated compared to the measurements, while the interaction factors show a better agreement. The pile group impedances are better captured than the individual ones, using the same soil model. The pile-soil-pile interaction is clearly manifested in the experimental results by pronounced peaks in the pile group vertical impedance, validating results from previous numerical studies.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV , 2022. Vol. 267, article id 114629
Keywords [en]
End-bearing piles, Dynamic impedance, Soil-structure interaction, Pile group, Environmental vibration, Pile-soil-pile interaction
National Category
Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Infrastructure Engineering
Research subject
Civil and Architectural Engineering; Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-320308DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.114629ISI: 000856573700002Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85135181135OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-320308DiVA, id: diva2:1705816
Note

Not duplicate with DiVA 1531949

QC 20241217

Available from: 2022-10-24 Created: 2022-10-24 Last updated: 2025-02-05Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Ground-borne vibration in end-bearing pile foundations: Numerical analyses and full-scale field tests
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Ground-borne vibration in end-bearing pile foundations: Numerical analyses and full-scale field tests
2025 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Ground-borne vibration originating from roads or railways is a growing concern in the design of buildings in urban areas. For soft cohesive soils, which are particularly susceptible to ground-borne vibration, pile foundations are often used. In shallow formations of soft soil on till and bedrock, which are conditions encountered in densely populated areas in Sweden, the piles are designed as end-bearing to transfer loads to the bedrock. The transmission of vibrations to a building is governed by the interaction between the soil and the foundation. It is therefore essential that the dynamic interaction between the foundation and the soil is taken into account when predicting vibrations in buildings at a design stage.

This thesis aims to increase the understanding of ground-borne vibration transmission to end-bearing pile foundations and investigate how it can be taken into account in vibration assessment for buildings yet to be constructed. The problem is addressed through experiments and numerical simulations. A set of full-scale field tests are performed at a site with clay on till and bedrock to validate model predictions. Vibration measurements are performed in three stages of construction of a pile foundation: (1) at the free ground surface, (2) on the top of four end-bearing concrete piles and (3) on the concrete pile cap joining the piles together. Numerical models are implemented to investigate the influence of pile and soil parameters. The results are subsequently used to develop a simple approximation factor that can be used for estimating the foundation response from vibrations at the ground surface.

The main scientific contributions of this work is the experimental validation of models or predicting ground-borne vibrations in an end-bearing pile foundation and an investigation of the influence of pile and soil properties on dynamic pile-soil interaction. The results show that the vertical vibration level of piles is considerably affected by the fixation of the pile tip and the relationship between the pile axial stiffness and the stiffness of the soil. It is found that, in contrast to floating piles, the vertical response of end-bearing piles subjected to an incident wave field can be significantly affected by pile-soil-pile interaction. The field tests show that, if the dynamic properties of the soil can be accurately determined, a numerical model can predict the dynamic vibration response of the pile foundation with reasonable accuracy. This provides confidence in the results obtained from numerical models, motivating their use for vibration assessment.

Abstract [sv]

Omgivningsvibrationer från tåg och biltrafik är ett växande problem vid dimensionering av byggnader i stadsmiljö. I lösa kohesionsjordar, som är särskilt känsliga för sådana vibrationer, används ofta pålar vid grundläggning. Vid jordförhållanden med relativt grunda formationer av lös jord på morän och berg, vilket är vanligt förekommande i tätbefolkade områden i Sverige, används ofta spetsburna pålar. Transmissionen av vibrationer från jorden till en byggnad beror på interaktionen mellan jorden och byggnadens grundläggning. Det är därför viktigt att ta hänsyn till den dynamiska interaktionen mellan jord och grundläggning då man avser förutsäga vibrationer i en byggnad i dimensioneringssyfte.

Syftet med denna avhandling är att öka kunskapen kring transmissionen av markburna vibrationer till spetsburna pålfundament samt att undersöka hur hänsyn kan tas till dess inverkan i vibrationsutredningar. Frågeställningen adresseras genom både experiment och numeriska analyser. Fältförsök i full skala har utförts på en plats med lerjord på morän och berg för att validera numeriska prediktionsmodeller. Vibrations mätningar har utförts vid tre olika skeden vid installation av ett pålfundament: (1) på den fria markytan, (2) på fyra spetsburna betongpålar och (3) på pålfundamentet som sammanfogar pålarna vid markytan. Numeriska modeller har använts för att undersöka inverkan av parametrar för pålarna och jorden. Resultaten har därefter använts för att utveckla en approximativ reduktionsfaktor som appliceras på uppmätta vibrationer på markytan för att estimera vibrationer av spetsburna pålar.

Avhandlingen har resulterat i en validering av numeriska modellers använding för att förutsäga markburna vibrationer i spetsburna pålfundament samt en undersökning av hur pålarnas och jordens egenskaper påverkar den dynamiska interaktionen mellan spetsburna pålar och jord. Resultaten visar att överföringen av vertikala vibrationer från jorden till pålarna påverkas av förhållandet mellan jordens styvhet och pålens axialstyvhet. Resultaten visar även att interaktioner mellan pålar i en grupp påverkar den vertikala responsen orsakad av en dynamisk last på markytan. Fältförsöken visar att om jordens dynamiska egenskaper kan bestämmas med noggrannhet, ger prediktioner från numeriska modeller representativa resultat. Detta ökar tillförlitligheten till resultat erhållna från sådana numeriska modeller vilket motiverar deras användning vid vibrationsutredningar.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2025. p. 65
Series
TRITA-ABE-DLT ; 2438
Keywords
Dynamic soil-structure interaction, Pile group, End-bearing pile, Pile-soil-pile interaction, Environmental vibration, ground-borne vibration, Dynamisk jord-struktur-interaktion, Pålgrupp, Spetsburna pålar, Omgivningsvibrationer, Markinducerade vibrationer
National Category
Civil Engineering
Research subject
Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-357829 (URN)978-91-8106-170-3 (ISBN)
Public defence
2025-01-31, B3, Brinellvägen 23, KTH Campus, https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/69844892559, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Svenska Byggbranschens Utvecklingsfond (SBUF)Swedish Transport AdministrationVinnovaJ. Gust. Richert stiftelse
Note

QC241217

Available from: 2024-12-17 Created: 2024-12-17 Last updated: 2025-01-09Bibliographically approved

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Theland, FreddiePacoste, CostinBattini, Jean-Marc

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