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Cooperative Beamforming for RIS-Aided Cell-Free Massive MIMO Networks
National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Communications, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8489-5360
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Information Science and Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9621-561X
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Information Science and Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5407-0835
College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8398-8437
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2023 (English)In: IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, ISSN 1536-1276, E-ISSN 1558-2248, Vol. 22, no 11, p. 7243-7258Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The combination of cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF-mMIMO) and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is envisioned as a promising paradigm to improve network capacity and enhance coverage capability. However, to reap full benefits of RIS-aided CF-mMIMO, the main challenge is to efficiently design cooperative beamforming (CBF) at base stations (BSs), RISs, and users. Firstly, we investigate the fractional programing to convert the weighted sum-rate (WSR) maximization problem into a tractable optimization problem. Then, the alternating optimization framework is employed to decompose the transformed problem into a sequence of subproblems, i.e., hybrid BF (HBF) at BSs, passive BF at RISs, and combining at users. In particular, the alternating direction method of multipliers algorithm is utilized to solve the HBF subproblem at BSs. Concretely, the analog BF design with unit-modulus constraints is solved by the manifold optimization (MO) while we obtain a closed-form solution to the digital BF design that is essentially a convex least-square problem. Additionally, the passive BF at RISs and the analog combining at users are designed by primal-dual subgradient and MO methods. Moreover, considering heavy communication costs in conventional CF-mMIMO systems, we propose a partially-connected CF-mMIMO (P-CF-mMIMO) framework to decrease the number of connections among BSs and users. To better compromise WSR performance and network costs, we formulate the BS selection problem in the P-CF-mMIMO system as a binary integer quadratic programming (BIQP) problem, and develop a relaxed linear approximation algorithm to handle this BIQP problem. Finally, numerical results demonstrate superiorities of our proposed algorithms over baseline counterparts.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2023. Vol. 22, no 11, p. 7243-7258
Keywords [en]
base station selection, Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF-mMIMO), cooperative beamforming (CBF), integer programming, reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)
National Category
Telecommunications
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-338817DOI: 10.1109/twc.2023.3249241ISI: 001130158900014Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85149479920OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-338817DiVA, id: diva2:1807570
Note

QC 20231030

Available from: 2023-10-26 Created: 2023-10-26 Last updated: 2025-03-24Bibliographically approved

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Zhang, DeyouXiao, Ming

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