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Shared e-scooter usage patterns: Analysis of app and trip data
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Transport planning.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5391-5296
2024 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

There is an urgent need to shift the urban mode distribution towards public transportation, micromobility, and shared mobility as a critical step towards achieving sustainable cities. Micromobility, with shared e-scooters as the main driving force, has sprung up as a promising mode for cities since the late 2010s. The development has been rapid and concurrent, with many changes in policy and operations. Given the novelty of the mode, there is an evident need for planners, policymakers, e-scooter companies, and researchers to understand the usage patterns and potentials of shared e-scooters. This thesis studied shared e-scooter usage patterns by analyzing app and trip data. 

Paper I analyses the access and walking distance to shared e-scooters. The Euclidean access distance was calculated from app and trip data. A process was then developed to estimate map-based walking distance from the Euclidean distance by removing and replacing outliers with an approximated value. Finally, a catchment area for shared e-scooters was presented. The result show that the walking distance is short, the majority walking less than 95 m and 2.1 min.

Paper II evaluated shared e-scooters as a last-minute mode, a mode used as a way to mitigate the risk of late arrival. The study was based on the assumption of a preferred arrival time, which was tested where there was an associated risk of arriving late and when the assumed preferred arrival time shifts. Trip characteristics(speeds, distances, ride times, and trip frequency) of last-minute trips were analyzed and identified. The result show a peak in the number of trips ending before the full hour of the morning. These trips are infrequent on the user level and have lower average ride duration and higher average speeds, indicating an larger share of last-minute trips.

Abstract [sv]

Det finns ett stort behov av att öka andelen kollektivtrafik, mikromobilitet och delad mobilitet för att uppnå hållbara städer. Mikromobilitet, med delade elsparkcyklar som den främsta drivkraften, har vuxit fram som ett lovande transportmedel för städer sedan slutet av 2010-talet. Utvecklingen har varit snabb och jämnlöpande med många olika förändringar i policy och operationell verksamhet. Givet detta nya färdmedel finns det ett uppenbart behov för stads- och trafikplanerare, beslutsfattare, elsparkcykeloperatörer och forskare att förstå användningsmönstren och potentialen för delade elsparkcyklar. Denna licentiatavhandling studerade användningsmönster för delade elsparkcyklar genom att analysera app- och resedata. 

I Paper I analyseras gångavståndet till delade elsparkcyklar. Det euklidiska avståndet (fågelvägen) beräknades från app- och resedata från elsparkcyklar. Därefter utvecklades en metod för att uppskatta gångavståndet i gatunätet från det euklidiska avståndet genom att ta bort och ersätta outliers med ett approximerat värde. Slutligen presenterades ett upptagningsområde för delade elsparkcyklar. Resultatet visar att gångavståndet är kort, majoriteten går kortare än 95 m och 2,1 min för att resa med en elsparkcykel.

I Paper II utvärderades delade elsparkcyklar som ett sista minuten-färdmedel, ett resalternativ som används för att minska risken för sen ankomst. Studien baserades på antagandet om en föredragen ankomsttid, som testades där det fanns en tillhörande risk med att anlända sent och när den antagna föredragna ankomsttiden ändras. Reseegenskaper (hastigheter, avstånd, restider och resfrekvens) för sista minuten-resor analyserades och identifierades. Resultatet visar en markant ökning i antalet resor som slutar före hel timma på morgonen. Dessa resor är infrekventa på användarnivå och har lägre genomsnittlig restid och högre genomsnittlig hastighet, vilket indikerar en större andel sista minuten-resor.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
STOCKHOLM: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2024. , p. 33
Series
TRITA-ABE-DLT ; 242
Keywords [en]
e-scooter, micromobility
Keywords [sv]
elsparkcyklar, mikromobilitet
National Category
Transport Systems and Logistics
Research subject
Transport Science, Transport Systems; Transport Science
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-343798ISBN: 978-91-8040-859-2 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-343798DiVA, id: diva2:1840203
Presentation
2024-03-19, U51, Brinellvägen 26, KTH Campus, https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/67505558535, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Projects
Modellering av mikromobilitet (M3)
Funder
Swedish Transport Administration, TRV 2021/22609
Note

QC 240226

Available from: 2024-02-26 Created: 2024-02-22 Last updated: 2024-02-27Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Access distance to e-scooters: Analysis of app use and trip data in Stockholm
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Access distance to e-scooters: Analysis of app use and trip data in Stockholm
2023 (English)In: Journal of Cycling and Micromobility Research, ISSN 2950-1059, Vol. 1, article id 100004Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Users’ access distance to shared micromobility services is an important component of travel patterns, a determinant of travel choices, and input to determining service catchment areas. Users’ willingness to walk to shared micromobility vehicles is increasingly relevant as policymakers regulate shared free-floating e-scooters to designated parking zones. This paper proposes a novel approach to analyze access distances of e-scooters users based on e-scooter app use and trip data for Stockholm, Sweden. Euclidean access and map-based walking distances are derived from the distances between the location where the users opens the app to search for an e-scooter and the trip’s origin. Variations in access and walking distances are analyzed based on time of day, day of week, proximity to public transportation, and geographical distribution. Users walk on average 185 m and have an active walking time of 2.3 min with a median value of 95 m and 2.1 min. Shorter walking distances are observed for trips during the morning and lunch hours compared to the afternoon and at night. Furthermore, users walk slightly longer during the weekend compared to weekdays. Access distances are shortest within a 0–100 m radius to the nearest public transportation station. The suggested catchment area radius for shared e-scooters ranges from 128 m to 203 m, based on the 75th percentile of access distances. A policy implication is the importance of planning parking zones for e-scooters very close to public transportation to encourage multimodal trips.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV, 2023
National Category
Transport Systems and Logistics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-337218 (URN)10.1016/j.jcmr.2023.100004 (DOI)
Funder
Swedish Transport Administration, TRV 2021/22609
Note

QC 20230928

Available from: 2023-09-27 Created: 2023-09-27 Last updated: 2025-03-21Bibliographically approved
2. Shared e-scooters: A last-minute mode?
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Shared e-scooters: A last-minute mode?
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Transport Systems and Logistics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-343621 (URN)
Funder
Swedish Transport Administration, TRV 2021/22609
Note

QC 20240327

Available from: 2024-02-21 Created: 2024-02-21 Last updated: 2024-03-27Bibliographically approved

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Berg Wincent, Boel

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