kth.sePublications
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Numerical investigations of bypass transition and its control
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1766-5557
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis deals with the laminar-turbulent transition process in boundary layers induced by free-stream turbulence (FST), commonly referred to as bypass transition. The investigation has been carried out using direct numerical simulations (DNS), stability analysis, and control theory. The various aspects of bypass transition considered in this work can be grouped into two categories: open and closed-loop dynamics. 

The open-loop dynamics span from the inception to the breakdown of instabilities, driving the flow from a laminar to a turbulent state. A broader understanding of this process could inspire new and more accurate models for transition prediction, which is of great interest in many engineering applications. In this context, stability theory provides an excellent framework to study the pre-transitional flow. This work has confirmed the relevance of optimal disturbance theory in realistic flow conditions, and how its inexpensive computations can provide valuable information regarding the most 'dangerous' disturbances in terms of their amplification. The key role of streak secondary instabilities in bypass transition has also been studied. They constitute the main cause of transition in a flat plate simulation considering realistic wind tunnel conditions. By comparing the secondary instabilities leading to breakdown in different geometries and FST compositions, it has been found that their hosting streaks feature similar aspect ratios, regardless of their streamwise position. An explanation for this apparent size preference has been provided based on optimal growth and energy propagation due to non-linear interactions.

The closed-loop dynamics address how new inputs can steer the system to a desired state based on operational information extracted from the system. In boundary layers, delaying transition is an attractive idea for energy savings due to the lower drag associated with a laminar state. This work explores this possibility with the use of control theory in reduced-order models constructed solely on input/output data from DNS. The methods are restricted to being equally feasible in experiments. Here, streak attenuation is successfully achieved based only on wall measurements and wall localised actuation. It has been shown that the dissimilar performances regarding transition delay are connected to the controller's capabilities of acting on breaking streaks.

Abstract [sv]

Denna avhandling behandlar den laminära-turbulenta övergångsprocessen i gränsskikt inducerad av friströmsturbulens (FST), vanligen kallad bypass-transition. Studien har genomförts med hjälp av direkta numeriska simuleringar (DNS), stabilitetsanalys och reglerteknik. Två typer av bypass-transition beaktas, omslagsprocessen utan reglerteknisk påverkan och med användning av reglerteknik. 

Omslagsprocessen utan användning av reglerteknik handlar till stor del om hur instabiliteter växer och bryter ner strömningen till turbulens.  En bredare förståelse av denna process kan resultera i bättre metoder för att förutsäga laminärt-turbulent omslag, vilket är av stort intresse i många tekniska tillämpningar. I detta sammanhang ger stabilitetsteori ett utmärkt ramverk för att studera strömningen före omslaget sker. Vårt arbete har bekräftat relevansen av sk ``optimal störningsteori'' i realistiska situationer, och hur de kan ge värdefull information om de mest ``farliga'' störningarna. Nyckelrollen av sekundärinstabiliteter har också studerats. De utgör huvudorsaken till övergången till turbulens för strömningen över vingar och plana plattor där strömningen i friströmmen innehåller tillräckligt med turbulens. Genom att jämföra sekundärinstabiliteterna som leder till sammanbrott i olika geometrier har det visat sig att långa strukturer av hög- och låghastighetsstråk med liknande förhållande mellan spännvidds och vertikal skalor är associerade med sammanbrott till turbulens. En förklaring för denna storlekspreferens baseras på optimal tillväxt tillsammans med icke-linjär interaktion mellan stråk med olika spännvidds skalor. 

Med användning av reglerteknik adresserar vi hur aktuatorer kan styra systemet till ett önskat tillstånd baserat på information som via mätningar extraherats från systemet. I gränsskiktströmning är man intresserad av att fördröja övergång från laminärt till turbulent tillstånd för att åstadkomma energibesparingar genom det lägre motståndet ett laminärt tillstånd har. Detta arbete undersöker möjligheten att använda reglerteknik tillsammans med enkla modeller baserade på analys av på in/utdata från direktsimuleringarna. Metoderna är beskaffade så att de skulle kunna anvädas i en experimentellt. Vi dämpar de stråkstrukturer som finns i gränsskiktsströmningen framgångsrikt. Fördröjningen av laminär-turbulent omslag är kopplade till möjligheten att begränsa amplituden på de stråk som har störst sannolikhet att bryta samman till turbulens via sekundärinstabiliteter. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2024. , p. 44
Series
TRITA-SCI-FOU ; 2024:27
Keywords [en]
boundary layers, stability, laminar-turbulent transition, reduced order model, flow control, direct numerical simulations
Keywords [sv]
gränsskikt, stabilitet, laminär-turbulent omslag, modellreduktion, strömningskontroll, direkt numerisk simulering
National Category
Fluid Mechanics
Research subject
Engineering Mechanics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-346610ISBN: 978-91-8040-948-3 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-346610DiVA, id: diva2:1858977
Public defence
2024-06-14, U1, Brinellvägen 26, Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2024-05-21 Created: 2024-05-20 Last updated: 2025-02-09Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Disturbance growth on a NACA0008 wing subjected to free stream turbulence
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Disturbance growth on a NACA0008 wing subjected to free stream turbulence
2022 (English)In: Journal of Fluid Mechanics, ISSN 0022-1120, E-ISSN 1469-7645, Vol. 944, article id A44Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The stability of an incompressible boundary layer flow over a wing in the presence of free stream turbulence (FST) has been investigated by means of direct numerical simulations and compared with the linearised boundary layer equations. Four different. FST conditions have been considered, which are characterised by their turbulence intensity levels and length scales. In all cases the perturbed flow develops into elongated disturbances of high and low streamwise velocity inside the boundary layer, where their spacing has been found to be strongly dependent on the scales of the incoming free stream vorticity. The breakdown of these streaks into turbulent spots from local secondary instabilities is also observed, presenting the same development as the ones reported in flat plate experiments. The disturbance growth, characterised by its root mean squares value, is found to depend not only on the turbulence level, but also on the FST length scales. Particularly, higher disturbance growth is observed for our cases with larger length scales. This behaviour is attributed to the preferred wavenumbers that can exhibit maximum transient growth. We study this boundary layer preference by projection of the flow fields at the leading edge onto optimal disturbances. Our results demonstrate that optimal disturbance growth is the main cause of growth of disturbances on the wing boundary layer.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2022
Keywords
boundary layer receptivity, shear-flow instability, transition to turbulence
National Category
Fluid Mechanics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-315686 (URN)10.1017/jfm.2022.506 (DOI)000820742400001 ()2-s2.0-85133844279 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20220715

Available from: 2022-07-15 Created: 2022-07-15 Last updated: 2025-02-09Bibliographically approved
2. On the receptivity of a NACA0008 wing to high free-stream turbulence levels
Open this publication in new window or tab >>On the receptivity of a NACA0008 wing to high free-stream turbulence levels
Show others...
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Fluid Mechanics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-346598 (URN)
Note

QC 20240520

Available from: 2024-05-20 Created: 2024-05-20 Last updated: 2025-02-09Bibliographically approved
3. Role of streak secondary instabilities on free stream turbulence-induced transition
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Role of streak secondary instabilities on free stream turbulence-induced transition
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Fluid Mechanics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-346599 (URN)
Note

QC 20240520

Available from: 2024-05-20 Created: 2024-05-20 Last updated: 2025-02-09Bibliographically approved
4. On the size of transitional boundary layer streaks
Open this publication in new window or tab >>On the size of transitional boundary layer streaks
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Fluid Mechanics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-346600 (URN)
Note

QC 20240520

Available from: 2024-05-20 Created: 2024-05-20 Last updated: 2025-02-09Bibliographically approved
5. Numerical studies of bypass transition delay on a wing using optimal control theory
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Numerical studies of bypass transition delay on a wing using optimal control theory
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Fluid Mechanics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-346601 (URN)
Note

QC 20240520

Available from: 2024-05-20 Created: 2024-05-20 Last updated: 2025-02-09Bibliographically approved
6. REACTIVE CONTROL OF BYPASS TRANSITION IN A WING BOUNDARY LAYER
Open this publication in new window or tab >>REACTIVE CONTROL OF BYPASS TRANSITION IN A WING BOUNDARY LAYER
Show others...
2022 (English)In: 33rd Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, ICAS 2022, International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences , 2022, p. 3037-3047Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

This investigation deals with the numerical implementation of a data-driven method for reactive control of the boundary-layer over a NACA0008 airfoil. The aim of this work is to evaluate the performance of controller in damping the flow disturbances and its efficiency in delaying laminar-turbulent transition. We focus our attention on the bypass transition scenario caused by free-stream turbulence. In this scenario, the perturbations in the wing boundary-layer develop into streaky structures. We show that this data-driven method is effective in decreasing the wall shear stress and disturbance energy at the objective location, and this damping is sustained downstream of the objective location. However, further downstream, the fluctuations grow again reaching amplitudes similar to those in the uncontrolled case.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, 2022
Keywords
Bypass transition, Flow control
National Category
Aerospace Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-333313 (URN)2-s2.0-85159580713 (Scopus ID)
Conference
33rd Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences, ICAS 2022, Stockholm, Sweden, Sep 4 2022 - Sep 9 2022
Note

Part of ISBN 9781713871163

QC 20230801

Available from: 2023-08-01 Created: 2023-08-01 Last updated: 2024-05-20Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

summary(1729 kB)201 downloads
File information
File name SUMMARY01.pdfFile size 1729 kBChecksum SHA-512
567278c9e92b012a4d3ae1a3c82d4cd804cf7bc09a66313ab907c68fb326219107c6ad5dba9de76052f7b6a7808a43a10d97c830ea66f8e0c234b4db4fc3b2ef
Type summaryMimetype application/pdf

Authority records

Faúndez Alarcón, José Manuel

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Faúndez Alarcón, José Manuel
By organisation
Linné Flow Center, FLOWEngineering Mechanics
Fluid Mechanics

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar
The number of downloads is the sum of all downloads of full texts. It may include eg previous versions that are now no longer available

isbn
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

isbn
urn-nbn
Total: 1028 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf