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Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation drainage cannula performance: From generalized to patient-averaged vessel model
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5409-8280
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0716-465x
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8061-4146
Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology at Karolinska Institutet, Division of Medical Imaging and Technology 2 , Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden; Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet 3 , Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5685-7255
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2024 (English)In: Physics of fluids, ISSN 1070-6631, E-ISSN 1089-7666, Vol. 36, no 6Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is used for respiratory support in the most severe cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Blood is drained from the large veins, oxygenated in an artificial lung, and returned to the right atrium (RA). In this study, we have used large eddy simulations to simulate a single-stage “lighthouse” drainage cannula in a patient-averaged model of the large veins and RA, including the return cannula. We compared the results with previous experimental and numerical studies of these cannulas in idealized tube geometries. According to the simulations, wall proximity at the drainage holes and the presence of the return cannula greatly increased drainage through the tip (33% at 5 L/min). We then simulated a multi-stage device in the same patient-averaged model, showing similar recirculation performance across the range of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) flow rates compared to the lighthouse cannula. Mean and maximum time-averaged wall shear stress were slightly higher for the lighthouse design. At high ECMO flow rates, the multi-stage device developed a negative caval pressure, which may be a cause of drainage obstruction in a clinical environment. Finally, through calculation of the energy spectra and vorticity field, we observed ring-like vortices inside the cannula originating from the side holes, most prominent in the proximal position. Our work highlights the important differences between a patient-derived and simplified venous model, with the latter tending to underestimate tip drainage. We also draw attention to the different dynamics of single-stage and multistage drainage cannulas, which may guide clinical use.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
AIP Publishing , 2024. Vol. 36, no 6
Keywords [en]
Computational fluid dynamics, Navier Stokes equations, Rheology and fluid dynamics, Turbulence simulations, Viscosity, Medical diagnosis, Artificial lung, Biomedical equipment, Supercomputer
National Category
Fluid Mechanics Other Medical Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-349811DOI: 10.1063/5.0212546ISI: 001253049100007Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85196977361OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-349811DiVA, id: diva2:1881409
Funder
EU, European Research Council, 101045453
Note

QC 20240703

Available from: 2024-07-03 Created: 2024-07-03 Last updated: 2025-05-27Bibliographically approved

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Parker, Louis P.Fiusco, FrancescoRorro, FedericoPrahl Wittberg, Lisa

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Parker, Louis P.Fiusco, FrancescoRorro, FedericoSvensson Marcial, AndersBrismar, Torkel B.Broman, Lars MikaelPrahl Wittberg, Lisa
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Linné Flow Center, FLOWEngineering Mechanics
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