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Aerodynamic loads on buses due to crosswind gusts – On-road measurements
KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), Farkost och flyg, Fordonsdynamik. (Fordonsdynamik)
KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), Farkost och flyg, Fordonsdynamik. (Fordonsdynamik)ORCID-id: 0000-0002-4048-3452
2008 (Engelska)Ingår i: Vehicle System Dynamics, ISSN 0042-3114, E-ISSN 1744-5159, Vol. 46, s. 827-835Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Bus and coach traffic is considered to be one of the safest means of travelling. Still, there is a problem with accidents due to crosswind gusts. Therefore it is a need of improving the crosswind performance of buses. As a part of the work with improving the crosswind performance a method for estimating the aerodynamic loads on a bus when exposed to natural crosswind is proposed. The method is based on measurements of the vehicle response and the tire forces from which the aerodynamic loads are estimated using inverse simulations. The results are also shown to agree well with the results of other studies based on wind tunnel measurements. The estimated aerodynamic loads are intended to be used in a future study on crosswind sensitivity using a moving base simulator.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Taylor & Francis , 2008. Vol. 46, s. 827-835
Nyckelord [en]
Crosswind, buses, aerodynamic load, inverse simulation
Nationell ämneskategori
Farkostteknik
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-10387DOI: 10.1080/00423110802037081ISI: 000263476500065Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-51549094575OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-10387DiVA, id: diva2:216422
Anmärkning
QC 20100722Tillgänglig från: 2009-05-08 Skapad: 2009-05-08 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-06-25Bibliografiskt granskad
Ingår i avhandling
1. Assessment of crosswind performance of buses
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Assessment of crosswind performance of buses
2009 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

When driving a vehicle on the road, the driver has to compensate continuously for small directional deviations from the desired course due to disturbances such as crosswinds, road irregularities and unintended driver inputs. These types of deviations have a tiring effect on the driver and should therefore be minimised. When the magnitude of these disturbances increases, especially with crosswind, the directional deviation might become so large that the driver will have difficulties in compensating for it, and will thereby affect the traffic safety. The objective of this research work is to increase the understanding of the crosswind sensitivity of buses and to find solutions to the problem of improving the safety of buses with respect to crosswind performance. The work presented in this thesis contributes to increased knowledge about the directional stability of buses under the influence of crosswind gusts through parameter studies using detailed vehicle simulation models, through full-scale experiments and through studies of the effect of steering feel on the subjective and objective evaluation of crosswind performance.

A natural crosswind gust model has been derived from wind tunnel measurements and implemented in a multi-body dynamics simulation tool. The aerodynamic loads of the crosswind gust model have been applied on a detailed vehicle model and the behaviour of the vehicle model has been studied for various vehicle configurations in both open- and closed-loop manoeuvres. The vehicle model, with parameters corresponding to real vehicle data, has been validated and the agreement with measurements is good. A method for estimating the aerodynamic loads on a bus due to crosswind on a road section is also presented. Aerodynamic loads under real conditions were estimated using this method and these data were thereafter used in a study where the effect of steering feel on the subjective and objective evaluation of crosswind performance was investigated using a moving-base driving simulator, with the aim of finding a relationship between steering feel and crosswind sensitivity.

The thesis covers the influence of changing chassis-related parameters and aerodynamics-related parameters on the crosswind sensitivity, as well as the influence of the setting of the steering system on the crosswind performance of the driver-vehicle system. The results identify areas of high potential for improving the crosswind sensitivity of buses, such as the centre of gravity location and the yaw moment overshoot at gust entry. Furthermore, the study shows the importance of having a vehicle that facilitates prompt driver corrections for reducing the lateral deviation under crosswind excitation; i.e. it is shown that a steering system with the possibility of changing the yaw rate gradient referencing the steering-wheel input when the vehicle is subjected to a sudden crosswind has a good potential for improving the crosswind performance of the driver-vehicle system.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Stockholm: KTH, 2009. s. vii, 58
Serie
Trita-AVE, ISSN 1651-7660 ; 2009:25
Nyckelord
crosswind, buses, steering feel, directional stability, subjective, objective, aerodynamic load
Nationell ämneskategori
Farkostteknik
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-10382 (URN)978-91-7415-316-3 (ISBN)
Disputation
2009-05-29, D1, KTH, Lindstedtsvägen 17, Stockholm, 10:00 (Engelska)
Opponent
Handledare
Anmärkning
QC 20100722Tillgänglig från: 2009-05-14 Skapad: 2009-05-08 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-06-25Bibliografiskt granskad

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Stensson Trigell, Annika

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Juhlin, MagnusStensson Trigell, Annika
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