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The effect of steering feel on the crosswind performance of buses - Part II: Objective assessment and correlation with subjective judgements
KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), Farkost och flyg, Fordonsdynamik.
KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), Farkost och flyg, Fordonsdynamik.ORCID-id: 0000-0002-4048-3452
(Engelska)Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt) Submitted
Abstract [en]

The steering feel is considered to be an important part of the on-centre handling characteristics of vehicles and therefore of interest when improving the crosswind performance of buses. In this paper a methodology is proposed which uses a moving-base driving simulator for studying the influence of steering feel on the objective judgement of crosswind performance. The results obtained with this method show that there exists a correlation between the steering feel and the objective evaluation of crosswind performance. The objective results show that the lateral deviation due to a crosswind gust is reduced for all levels of crosswind sensitivity when the yaw rate gradients referencing both the steering-wheel angle and the steering-wheel torque are increased, thereby minimising the maximum required steering power. This is in contrast to the subjective results, which showed that low yaw rate gradients were preferred when the centre of gravity was in the most forward position. The results presented in this study imply a great potential in using an adaptive steering system, since the steering feel that objectively is most suitable under crosswind excitation is not subjectively preferred for all the centre of gravity positions.

Nyckelord [en]
crosswind, buses, steering feel, objective
Nationell ämneskategori
Farkostteknik
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-10389OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-10389DiVA, id: diva2:216429
Anmärkning
QS 20120327Tillgänglig från: 2009-05-08 Skapad: 2009-05-08 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-06-25Bibliografiskt granskad
Ingår i avhandling
1. Assessment of crosswind performance of buses
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Assessment of crosswind performance of buses
2009 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

When driving a vehicle on the road, the driver has to compensate continuously for small directional deviations from the desired course due to disturbances such as crosswinds, road irregularities and unintended driver inputs. These types of deviations have a tiring effect on the driver and should therefore be minimised. When the magnitude of these disturbances increases, especially with crosswind, the directional deviation might become so large that the driver will have difficulties in compensating for it, and will thereby affect the traffic safety. The objective of this research work is to increase the understanding of the crosswind sensitivity of buses and to find solutions to the problem of improving the safety of buses with respect to crosswind performance. The work presented in this thesis contributes to increased knowledge about the directional stability of buses under the influence of crosswind gusts through parameter studies using detailed vehicle simulation models, through full-scale experiments and through studies of the effect of steering feel on the subjective and objective evaluation of crosswind performance.

A natural crosswind gust model has been derived from wind tunnel measurements and implemented in a multi-body dynamics simulation tool. The aerodynamic loads of the crosswind gust model have been applied on a detailed vehicle model and the behaviour of the vehicle model has been studied for various vehicle configurations in both open- and closed-loop manoeuvres. The vehicle model, with parameters corresponding to real vehicle data, has been validated and the agreement with measurements is good. A method for estimating the aerodynamic loads on a bus due to crosswind on a road section is also presented. Aerodynamic loads under real conditions were estimated using this method and these data were thereafter used in a study where the effect of steering feel on the subjective and objective evaluation of crosswind performance was investigated using a moving-base driving simulator, with the aim of finding a relationship between steering feel and crosswind sensitivity.

The thesis covers the influence of changing chassis-related parameters and aerodynamics-related parameters on the crosswind sensitivity, as well as the influence of the setting of the steering system on the crosswind performance of the driver-vehicle system. The results identify areas of high potential for improving the crosswind sensitivity of buses, such as the centre of gravity location and the yaw moment overshoot at gust entry. Furthermore, the study shows the importance of having a vehicle that facilitates prompt driver corrections for reducing the lateral deviation under crosswind excitation; i.e. it is shown that a steering system with the possibility of changing the yaw rate gradient referencing the steering-wheel input when the vehicle is subjected to a sudden crosswind has a good potential for improving the crosswind performance of the driver-vehicle system.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Stockholm: KTH, 2009. s. vii, 58
Serie
Trita-AVE, ISSN 1651-7660 ; 2009:25
Nyckelord
crosswind, buses, steering feel, directional stability, subjective, objective, aerodynamic load
Nationell ämneskategori
Farkostteknik
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-10382 (URN)978-91-7415-316-3 (ISBN)
Disputation
2009-05-29, D1, KTH, Lindstedtsvägen 17, Stockholm, 10:00 (Engelska)
Opponent
Handledare
Anmärkning
QC 20100722Tillgänglig från: 2009-05-14 Skapad: 2009-05-08 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-06-25Bibliografiskt granskad

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Stensson Trigell, Annika

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Juhlin, MagnusStensson Trigell, Annika
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