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Data Plane Optimization in Open Virtual Routers
KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Communication: Services and Infrastucture, Telecommunication Systems Laboratory, TSLab.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0932-1831
KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Communication: Services and Infrastucture, Telecommunication Systems Laboratory, TSLab.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6427-4612
KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Communication: Services and Infrastucture, Telecommunication Systems Laboratory, TSLab.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3172-076X
2011 (English)In: IFIP Networking 2011, Springer Verlag, Heidelberg , 2011, p. 379-392Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

A major challenge in network virtualization is to virtualize the components constituting the network, in particular the routers. In the work presented here, we focus on how to use open source Linux software in combination with commodity hardware to build open virtual routers. A general approach in open router virtualization is to run multiple virtual instances in parallel on the same PC hardware. This means that virtual components are combined in the router’s data plane, which can result in performance penalty. In this paper, we investigate the impact of the design of virtual network devices on router performance in Linux namespace environment. We identify performance bottlenecks along the packet data path. We suggest design changes to improve performance. In particular, we investigate modifications of the ―macvlan‖ device, and analyze the performance improvements in terms of packet forwarding. We also investigate how the number of virtual routers and virtual devices within a physical machine influence performance.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Verlag, Heidelberg , 2011. p. 379-392
Series
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, ISSN 0302-9743 ; 6640
Keywords [en]
network virtualization, virtual router, SoftIRQ, NAPI, Softnet API
National Category
Communication Systems
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-49616DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-20757-0_30ISI: 000392155900030Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-79956037282OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-49616DiVA, id: diva2:459906
Conference
10th International IFIP TC 6 Networking Conference Valencia, Spain, May 2011
Note

QC 20120109

Proceedings ISBN: 978-3-642-20756-3

Available from: 2012-01-09 Created: 2011-11-28 Last updated: 2022-06-24Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Performance, Isolation and Service Guarantees in Virtualized Network Functions
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Performance, Isolation and Service Guarantees in Virtualized Network Functions
2017 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

A network is generally a collection of different hardware-based network devices carrying out various network functions, (NF). These NF implementations are special purpose and expensive. Network function virtualization (NFV) is an alternative which uses software-based implementation of NFs in inexpensive commodity servers. However, it is challenging to achieve high networking performance due to bottlenecks in software, particularly in a virtualized environment where NFs are implemented inside the virtual machines (VM). The performance isolation is yet another challenge, which means that the load on one VM should not affect the performance of other VMs. However, it is difficult to provide performance isolation due to resource contention in a commodity server. Furthermore, different NFs may require different service guarantees which are difficult to ensure due to the non-deterministic performance behavior of a commodity server.

In this thesis we investigate how the challenges of performance, isolation and service guarantees can be addressed for virtual routers (VR), as an example of a virtualized NF. It is argued that the forwarding path of a VR can be modified in an efficient manner in order to improve the forwarding performance. When it comes to performance isolation, poor isolation is observed due to shared network queues and CPU sharing among VRs. We propose a design with SR-IOV, which allows reserving a network queue and CPU core for each VR. As a result, the resource contention is reduced and strong performance isolation is achieved. Finally, it is investigated how average throughput and bounded packet delay can be guaranteed to VRs. We argue that a classic rate-controlled service discipline can be adapted in a virtual environment to achieve service guarantees. We demonstrate that firm service guarantees can be achieved with little overhead of adding token bucket regulator in the forwarding path of a VR.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2017. p. 59
Keywords
NFV, virtual router, service guarantee, scheduling, rate control
National Category
Telecommunications
Research subject
Computer Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-206830 (URN)978-91-7729-380-4 (ISBN)
Public defence
2017-06-14, Sal C, kistagången 16, Kista, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 20170511

Available from: 2017-05-11 Created: 2017-05-09 Last updated: 2022-06-27Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

paper(528 kB)885 downloads
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Hidell, MarkusPeter, Sjödin

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