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Dynamic Resource Provisioning and Survivability Strategies in Optical Networks
KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Communication Systems, CoS, Optical Network Laboratory (ON Lab).
2013 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Optical networks based on Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology show many clear benefits in terms of high capacity, flexibility and low power consumption. All these benefits make WDM networks the preferred choice for today’s and future transports solutions which are strongly driven by a plethora of emerging online services.

In such a scenario, capability to provide high capacity during the service provisioning phase is of course very important, but it is not the only requirement that plays a central role. Traffic dynamicity is another essential aspect to consider because in many scenarios, e.g., in the case of real time multimedia services, the connections are expected to be provisioned and torn down quickly and relatively frequently. High traffic dynamicity may put a strain on the network control and management operations (i.e., the overhead due to control message exchange can grow rapidly) that coordinate any provisioning mechanisms. Furthermore, survivability, in the presence of new failure scenarios that goes beyond the single failure assumption, is still of the utmost importance to minimize the network disruptions and data losses. In other words, protection against any possible future failure scenario where multiple faults may struck simultaneously, asks for highly reliable provisioning solutions.

The above consideration have a general validity i.e., can be equally applied to any network segment and not just limited to the core part. So, we also address the problem of service provisioning in the access paradigm. Long reach Passive Optical Networks (PONs) are gaining popularity due to their cost, reach, and bandwidth advantages in the access region. In PON, the design of an efficient bandwidth sharing mechanism between multiple subscribers in the upstream direction is crucial. In addition, Long Reach PONs (LR-PONs) introduces additional challenges in terms of packet delay and network throughput, due to their extended reach. It becomes apparent that effective solutions to the connection provisioning problem in both the core and access optical networks with respect to the considerations made above can ensure a truly optimal end-to-end connectivity while making an efficient usage of resources.

The first part of this thesis focuses on a control and management framework specifically designed for concurrent resource optimization in WDM-based optical networks in a highly dynamic traffic scenario. The framework and the proposed provisioning strategies are specifically designed with the objective of: (i) allowing for a reduction of the blocking probability and the control overhead in a Path Computation Element (PCE)-based network architecture, (ii)  optimizing resource utilization for a traffic scenario that require services with diverse survivability requirements which are achieved by means of  dedicated and shared path-protection, and (iii) designing provisioning mechanism that guarantees high connection availability levels in Double Link Failures (DLF) scenarios. The presented results show that the proposed dynamic provisioning approach can significantly improve the network blocking performance while making an efficient use of primary/backup resources whenever protection is required by the provisioned services. Furthermore, the proposed DLF schemes show good performance in terms of minimizing disruption periods, and allowing for enhanced network robustness when specific services require high connection availability levels.

In the second part of this thesis, we propose efficient resource provisioning strategies for LR-PON. The objective is to optimize the bandwidth allocation in LR-PONs, in particular to: (i) identify the performance limitations associated with traditional (short reach) TDM-PON based Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) algorithms when employed in long reach scenarios, and (ii) devise efficient DBA algorithms that can mitigate the performance limitations imposed by an extended reach. Our proposed schemes show noticeable performance gains when compared with conventional DBA algorithms for short-reach PON as well as specifically devised approaches for long reach.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2013. , p. xii, 90
Series
Trita-ICT-COS, ISSN 1653-6347 ; 1302
Keywords [en]
optical networks, passive optical networks, wavelength, routing, Survivability, protection, restoration
National Category
Communication Systems
Research subject
SRA - ICT
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-122279ISBN: 978-91-7501-726-6 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-122279DiVA, id: diva2:621725
Public defence
2013-06-11, Sal D, Forum, Isafjordsgatan 39, Kista, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 20130520

Available from: 2013-05-20 Created: 2013-05-16 Last updated: 2022-06-24Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. LSP Request Bundling in a PCE-Based WDM Network
Open this publication in new window or tab >>LSP Request Bundling in a PCE-Based WDM Network
2009 (English)In: OFC: 2009 Conference on Optical Fiber Communication, IEEE , 2009, p. 989-991Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

LSP requests may be bundled to improve the network optimization process at the expense of an increased connection setup delay. A detailed study is conducted to evaluate the pros and cons of the bundling approach.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE, 2009
Keywords
Connection setup, Network optimization, WDM networks
National Category
Telecommunications
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-30183 (URN)10.1364/ofc.2009.oml4 (DOI)000274764200271 ()2-s2.0-70349297099 (Scopus ID)978-155752865-0 (ISBN)
Conference
2009 Conference on Optical Fiber Communication, OFC 2009; San Diego, CA; United States; 22 March 2009 through 26 March 2009
Note

QC 20110228

Available from: 2011-03-01 Created: 2011-02-21 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved
2. An Optimal Model for LSP Bundle Provisioning in PCE-based WDM Networks
Open this publication in new window or tab >>An Optimal Model for LSP Bundle Provisioning in PCE-based WDM Networks
2011 (English)In: 2011 Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exposition and the National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, OFC/NFOEC 2011, Washington: Optical Society of America , 2011Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

A time-efficient resource optimization model for dynamic concurrent provisioning of connection requests at PCE is proposed. It is shown that a significant performance improvement can be achieved without noticeable increase in connection setup-time.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Washington: Optical Society of America, 2011
National Category
Telecommunications
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-51452 (URN)10.1364/ofc.2011.othi6 (DOI)000295517900361 ()2-s2.0-79960014823 (Scopus ID)
Conference
Conference on Optical Fiber Communication (OFC)/National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference(NFOEC) Location: Los Angeles, CA Date: MAR 06-10, 2011
Funder
ICT - The Next Generation
Note

Part of proceedings: ISBN 978-1-55752-906-0

Duplicate record in Scopus 2-s2.0-85088344794

QC 20111213

Available from: 2011-12-13 Created: 2011-12-12 Last updated: 2024-03-15Bibliographically approved
3. A Dynamic Bulk Provisioning Framework for Concurrent Optimization in PCE-Based WDM Networks
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A Dynamic Bulk Provisioning Framework for Concurrent Optimization in PCE-Based WDM Networks
2012 (English)In: Journal of Lightwave Technology, ISSN 0733-8724, E-ISSN 1558-2213, Vol. 30, no 14, p. 2229-2239Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A centralized network control and management plane, such as the one based on a path computation element (PCE), is highly beneficial in terms of resource optimization in wavelength division multiplexing optical networks. Benefits of centralized provisioning are even more evident when connection requests are provisioned in batches, i.e., they allow a better use of network resources via concurrent optimization. In this study, a dynamic bulk provisioning framework is presented with the objective of optimizing the use of network resources that also presents, as an additional benefit, the ability to yield a reduction of the control plane overhead. The rationale behind the proposed framework is based on a mechanism in which the PCE client is allowed to bundle and simultaneously send multiple labeled switch path (LSP) requests to the PCE where, in turn, several bundles can be concurrently processed together as a single bulk. From the network deployment perspective, a PCE-based network architecture is proposed to practically realize this approach. For dynamic bulk provisioning of optical LSP requests, a time-efficient integer linear programming (ILP) model (LSP BP ILP) is presented to minimize the request blocking, the network resource consumption, and the network congestion. In addition, a heuristic based on a greedy randomized adaptive search procedure (GRASP), namely LSP_BP_GRASP, is also proposed as a scalable alternative. The presented results demonstrate significant advantages of the proposed PCE bulk provisioning framework based on concurrent optimization in terms of reduced blocking probability and control overhead when compared with conventional dynamic connection provisioning approaches processing a single connection request at a time.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE, 2012
Keywords
Bulk provisioning, concurrent optimization, dynamic provisioning, generalized multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS), greedy randomized adaptive search procedure (GRASP), integer linear programming (ILP), path computational element (PCE), wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)
National Category
Telecommunications Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-96712 (URN)10.1109/JLT.2012.2195296 (DOI)000304088500001 ()2-s2.0-85008529595 (Scopus ID)
Funder
ICT - The Next Generation
Note

QC 20120611

Available from: 2012-06-11 Created: 2012-06-11 Last updated: 2024-03-15Bibliographically approved
4. Bulk provisioning of LSP requests with shared path protection in a PCE-based WDM network
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Bulk provisioning of LSP requests with shared path protection in a PCE-based WDM network
2011 (English)In: ONDM 2011 - 15th Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling, 2011Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

The Path Computation Element (PCE) is a network entity utilized for network path computation operations, especially useful in optical networks based on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). In the PCE paradigm, the communication between a node and the PCE is specified by the Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP). According to PCEP protocol, multiple LSP (Label Switched Path) requests can be bundled together before being sent to the PCE in order to reduce the control overhead. Multiple bundles received by the PCE can then be provisioned at once as a single bulk. Enabling bulk provisioning of LSP requests at the PCE in a concurrent manner can bring significant improvements in terms of higher network resource utilization and control plane overhead reduction. However, these advantages come at a cost of a longer connection setup-time and of an instantaneous increase in the network load, which may lead to a degradation of the network performance, e.g. blocking probability. In this study pros and cons of bulk provisioning are explored in shared path protection (SPP) by comparing sequential and concurrent path computation strategies. An efficient meta-heuristic named GRASP-SPP-BP (Greedy Random Adoptive Search Procedure for Shared Path Protection with Bulk Provisioning) is proposed for concurrent provisioning of primary and shared backup path pairs. GRASP-SPP-BP minimizes the backup resource consumption while requiring minimal path computation time. The presented results demonstrate that, in a SPP network scenario, a significant reduction in the PCEP control overhead, network blocking probability and backup resource consumption can be achieved via LSP bulk provisioning at the PCE with the proposed GRASP-SPP-BP approach.

Series
15th Conference on Optical Network Design and Modeling, ONDM 2011
Keywords
Backup path, Backup resources, Communication protocols, Control overhead, Control planes, Higher networks, Label switched paths, Metaheuristic, Minimal path, Network load, Network paths, Network scenario, Optical networks, Path computation, Path computation elements, Search procedures, Shared Path Protection, WDM networks, Blocking probability, Communication, Concurrency control, Cost reduction, Fiber optic networks, Multiplexing equipment, Network performance, Telecommunication networks, Wavelength division multiplexing
National Category
Telecommunications
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-52677 (URN)2-s2.0-79956082857 (Scopus ID)9783901882425 (ISBN)
Conference
Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM)
Funder
ICT - The Next Generation
Note

QC 20111219

Available from: 2011-12-19 Created: 2011-12-19 Last updated: 2024-03-15Bibliographically approved
5. Benefits of Connection Request Bundling in a PCE-based WDM Network
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Benefits of Connection Request Bundling in a PCE-based WDM Network
2009 (English)In: Proc. of European Conference on Networks and Optical Communications (NOC), 2009Conference paper, Published paper (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The  Path  Computation  Element  (PCE)  concept  is  considered  to  be  beneficial  in  the network  connection  setup  operations,  especially  in  optical  networks  based  on wavelength  division  multiplex  (WDM)  transport  technology.  In  the  PCE  paradigm, communication  between  a  node  and  the  PCE  is  specified  by  the  Path  Computation Element  Communication  Protocol  (PCEP).  PCEP  allows  the  PCC  (Path  Computation Client) to send to the PCE more than one LSP (path computation) request at a time, i.e., multiple LSP requests can be bundled together before being sent to the PCE. Enabling bundling, and consequently the concurrent optimization of a large set of LSP requests at the PCE, may result in significant improvements in terms of network optimization and reduced  control  plane  overhead.  However,  these  advantages  come  at  a  cost  of increased  connection  setup-delay.  This  paper  explores  pros  and  cons  of  enabling bundling of LSP requests in terms of both control plane overhead reduction and benefits of  sequential  vs.  concurrent  path  computation  operations.  A  variety  of  scenarios  are analyzed,  including  a  WDM  mesh  network  providing  LSPs  with  both  dedicated  and shared  path  protection.  Results  demonstrate  significant  gains  in  terms  of  reduced control  overhead  using  LSP  bundling,  and  reduction  in  blocking  probability  using concurrent processing of bundled LSP requests at the PCE.

National Category
Engineering and Technology Telecommunications
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-79342 (URN)
Conference
European Conference on Networks and Optical Communications (NOC). Valladolid, Spain. June 10-12 2009
Note

QC 20120502

Available from: 2012-02-08 Created: 2012-02-08 Last updated: 2022-06-24Bibliographically approved
6. Concurrent processing of multiple LSP request bundles on a PCE in a WDM network
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Concurrent processing of multiple LSP request bundles on a PCE in a WDM network
2010 (English)In: 2010 Conference on Optical Fiber Communication, Collocated National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, OFC/NFOEC, New York: IEEE , 2010, p. 5465298-Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Concurrent RWA algorithm for differentiated services to process multiple LSP bundles at PCE is proposed. Significant blocking probability reduction has been observed at the expense of slightly increased LSP setup-time compared to a sequential approach.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
New York: IEEE, 2010
Keywords
Concurrent processing, Differentiated Services, Sequential approach, WDM networks
National Category
Telecommunications
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-31903 (URN)10.1364/ofc.2010.omm3 (DOI)000287574100137 ()2-s2.0-77953932083 (Scopus ID)978-1-55752-884-1 (ISBN)
Conference
2010 Conference on Optical Fiber Communication, Collocated National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, OFC/NFOEC 2010; San Diego, CA; United States; 21 March 2010 through 25 March 2010
Note

QC 20110406

Available from: 2011-04-06 Created: 2011-03-28 Last updated: 2024-03-18Bibliographically approved
7. Survivability strategies for PCE-based WDM networks offering high reliability performance
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Survivability strategies for PCE-based WDM networks offering high reliability performance
2013 (English)In: National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, NFOEC 2013, Optical Society of America, 2013Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Two approaches based on backup reprovisioning and path restoration are proposed for dynamic failure recovery in survivable, PCE-based, WDM networks. Results show that proposed schemes can achieve high connection availability in double link failure scenarios.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Optical Society of America, 2013
Keywords
Backup reprovisioning, Connection availability, Double link failures, Dynamic failures, High reliability, Path restoration, WDM networks, Fiber optics
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-116506 (URN)10.1364/nfoec.2013.ntu3f.4 (DOI)000325101400201 ()2-s2.0-84887343615 (Scopus ID)
Conference
National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference, NFOEC 2013, 17-21 March 2013, Anaheim, CA
Note

Part of proceedings: ISBN 978-1-55752-962-6

Duplicate register in Scopus 2-s2.0-84881051152

QC 20200902

Available from: 2013-01-21 Created: 2013-01-21 Last updated: 2024-03-15Bibliographically approved
8. Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation for Long-Reach PON: Overcoming Performance Degradation
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation for Long-Reach PON: Overcoming Performance Degradation
Show others...
2010 (English)In: IEEE Communications Magazine, ISSN 0163-6804, E-ISSN 1558-1896, Vol. 48, no 11, p. 100-108Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A passive optical network, with its inherent point to multi-point structure, allows for centralized placement of active equipment and possible extension of its boundary towards core networks. This property of the PON can be exploited for node consolidation where multiple central offices are replaced by a single one covering a larger service area. Such node consolidation is being particularly driven by the need for network operational cost saving, and is offering significant challenges to PONs. The degree of node consolidation that can be achieved is limited by the reach of conventional PON systems. In order to achieve a larger degree of node consolidation, an extension of the PON reach, beyond the conventional 20 km, is required. This article addresses the challenges of the dynamic bandwidth allocation, where increased reach results in a degradation of DBA performance and quality of service support. This degradation is a consequence of the increased propagation delay of the DBA messages exchanged between different PON elements. A potential solution to the performance degradation is the introduction of a multi-threaded DBA. In this article, we examine for both Gigabit PON and Ethernet PON, the extent to which DBA performance degradation can be reduced by exploiting multi-threading. It is found that for both standards, multi-threading, if done properly, can be used to mitigate the performance degradation due to the increased reach. To make bandwidth allocation efficient, new schemes for coordinating the multiple threads are required in long reach PON.

Keywords
DISTRIBUTION SCHEME, NETWORKS
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-27124 (URN)10.1109/MCOM.2010.5621975 (DOI)000283949800014 ()2-s2.0-78149417880 (Scopus ID)
Note
QC 20101208Available from: 2010-12-08 Created: 2010-12-06 Last updated: 2024-03-15Bibliographically approved
9. Efficient Inter-Thread Scheduling Scheme for Long-Reach Passive Optical Networks
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Efficient Inter-Thread Scheduling Scheme for Long-Reach Passive Optical Networks
Show others...
2013 (English)In: IEEE Communications Magazine, ISSN 0163-6804, E-ISSN 1558-1896, Vol. 51, no 2, p. S35-S43Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

These days there is a clear trend toward extending the reach of passive optical networks to cover large geographical areas, which enables reduction of the number of central offices and hence has the potential of cost saving in network operation. On the other hand, this reach extension necessitates the design of efficient dynamic bandwidth allocation schemes in order to tackle performance degradation caused by the increased propagation delay in long reach PONs. Among many existing approaches, the multi-thread-based DBA scheme where several bandwidth allocation processes are performed in parallel is considered one of the most effective options to improve network performance in LRPONs. We have found that without proper intercommunication between the overlapped threads, multi-thread DBA may lose efficiency and even perform worse than the conventional single-thread algorithm. With this in mind, this article reviews different inter-thread scheduling schemes for LR-PONs, and proposes a novel approach of integrating the key ideas of the existing ones. Extensive simulation results confirm that our proposed scheme can significantly improve DBA performance for LR-PONs under a variety of scenarios with consideration of different values of network load and reach.

Keywords
WDM, PON, EPON, DBA, LR-PON
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Research subject
SRA - ICT
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-116505 (URN)10.1109/MCOM.2013.6461187 (DOI)000315122400006 ()2-s2.0-84873928950 (Scopus ID)
Funder
EU, European Research Council
Note

QC 20130322. Updated from accepted to published.

Available from: 2013-01-21 Created: 2013-01-21 Last updated: 2024-03-15Bibliographically approved

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