kth.sePublications
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Magnetic droplet solitons in all-perpendicular nano-contact spin torque oscillators
KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Materials- and Nano Physics, Material Physics, MF. Univ Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9970-0060
KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Materials- and Nano Physics, Material Physics, MF. (Applied Spintronics)ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9107-3309
Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg.
Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg.
Show others and affiliations
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
Abstract [en]

Spin-torque-generated magnetic droplets are nontopological solitons that have both dynamic and static characteristics. Although   theoretical studies of these droplets originally dealt with  an all-perpendicular magnetic system, all experimental demonstrations have so far relied on orthogonal spin valve structures that require a rather strong magnetic field to nucleate the droplet. Here, for the first time, we show the nucleation and sustained operation of magnetic droplets under a low magnetic field using nanocontact spin-torque oscillators (NC-STO),  both the free Co/Ni and fixed Co/Pd multilayers of which have strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Droplet nucleation is observed as a change in the NC-STO resistance and the appearance of significant broadband microwave signal generation below 1 GHz. We also observe another important phenomenon in which the nucleated magnetic droplet can transform into a skyrmionic nanobubble in the low-field regime. Both magnetic droplet solitons and skyrmionic nanobubbles have been studied in detail using micromagnetic simulation.

National Category
Condensed Matter Physics Materials Engineering
Research subject
Physics; Materials Science and Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-191274OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-191274DiVA, id: diva2:955789
Note

QC 20160829

Available from: 2016-08-26 Created: 2016-08-26 Last updated: 2022-09-13Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Magnetodynamics in Spin Valves and Magnetic Tunnel Junctions with Perpendicular and Tilted Anisotropies
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Magnetodynamics in Spin Valves and Magnetic Tunnel Junctions with Perpendicular and Tilted Anisotropies
2016 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Spin-torque transfer (STT) effects have brought spintronics ever closer to practical electronic applications, such as MRAM and active broadband microwave spin-torque oscillator (STO), and have emerged as an increasingly attractive field of research in spin dynamics. Utilizing materials with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) in such applications offers several great advantages such as low-current, low-field operation combined with high thermal stability. The exchange coupling that a PMA thin film exerts on an adjacent in-plane magnetic anisotropy (IMA) layer can tilt the IMA magnetization direction out of plane, thus creating a stack with an effective tilted magnetic anisotropy. The tilt angle can be engineered via both intrinsic material parameters, such as the PMA and the saturation magnetization, and extrinsic parameters, such as the layer thicknesses.

      STOs can be fabricated in one of a number of forms—as a nanocontact opening on a mesa from a deposited pseudospin-valve (PSV) structure, or as a nanopillar etching from magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ)—composed of highly reproducible PMA or predetermined tilted magnetic anisotropy layers.

      All-perpendicular CoFeB MTJ STOs showed high-frequency microwave generation with extremely high current tunability, all achieved at low applied biases. Spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) measurements and analysis revealed the bias dependence of spin-torque components, thus promise great potential for direct gate-voltage controlled STOs.

      In all-perpendicular PSV STOs, magnetic droplets were observed underneath the nanocontact area at a low drive current and low applied field. Furthermore, preliminary results for microwave auto-oscillation and droplet solitons were obtained from tilted-polarizer PSV STOs. These are promising and would be worth investigating in further studies of STT driven spin dynamics.

Abstract [sv]

Effekter av spinnvridmoment (STT) har fört spinntroniken allt närmare praktiska elektroniska tillämpningar, såsom MRAM och den spinntroniska mikrovågsoscillatorn (STO), och har blivit ett allt mer attraktivt forskningsområde inom spinndynamik. Användning av material med vinkelrät magnetisk anisotropi (PMA) i sådana tillämpningar erbjuder flera stora fördelar, såsom låg strömförbrukning och funktion vid låga fält i kombination med hög termisk stabilitet. Den utbyteskoppling (”exchange bias”) en PMA-tunnfilm utövar på ett intilliggande skikt med magnetisk anisotropi i planet (IMA) kan få IMA-magnetiseringsriktningen att vridas ut ur planet, vilket ger en materialstack med en effektivt sett lutande magnetisk anisotropi. Lutningsvinkeln kan manipuleras med både inre materialparametrar, såsom PMA och mättningsmagnetisering, och yttre parametrar, såsom skikttjocklekarna.

STO:er kan tillverkas som flera olika typer - som en nanokontaktsöppning på en s.k. mesa av en deponerad pseudospinnventilstruktur (PSV) eller som en nanotråd etsad ur en magnetisk tunnlingsövergång (MTJ) –och bestå av mycket reproducerbar PMA eller av skikt med på förhand bestämt lutning av dess magnetiska anisotropi.

MTJ-STO:er av CoFeB med helt vinkelrät anisotropi visar högfrekvent mikrovågsgenerering med extremt stort frekvensomfång hos strömstyrningen, detta vid låg biasering. Mätning och analys av spinnvridmoments-ferromagnetisk resonans (ST-FMR) avslöjade ett biasberoende hos spinnvridmomentskomponenter, vilket indikerar en stor potential för direkt gate-spänningsstyrda STO:er.

I helt vinkelräta PSV-STO:er observerades magnetiska droppar under nanokontaktområdet vid låg drivström och lågt pålagt fält. Dessutom erhölls preliminära resultat av mikrovågssjälvsvängning och av s.k. ”droplet solitons” hos PSV-STO:er med lutande polarisator. Dessa är lovande och skulle vara värda att undersökas i ytterligare studier av STT-driven spinndynamik.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2016. p. 83
Series
TRITA-ICT ; 2016:21
Keywords
perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, tilted-polarizer, spintronics, STT, MTJ, pseudospin-valve, STO, ST-FMR, magnonics, magnetic droplet, droplet nucleation, droplet annihilation, vinkelrät magnetisk anisotropi, lutande polarisator, spinntronik, STT, MTJ, pseudospinnventil, STO, ST-FMR, magnonics, magnetisk droppe, nukleering av droppe, anihilering av droppe.
National Category
Nano Technology Condensed Matter Physics
Research subject
Physics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-191176 (URN)978-91-7729-072-8 (ISBN)
External cooperation:
Public defence
2016-09-30, Sal C, Electrum, Kungl Tekniska högskolan, Kistagången 16, Kista, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 20160829

Available from: 2016-08-29 Created: 2016-08-24 Last updated: 2022-09-06Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

No full text in DiVA

Authority records

Le, Quang Tuan

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Chung, SunjaeLe, Quang TuanMazraati, HamidJiang, ShengÅkerman, Johan
By organisation
Material Physics, MF
Condensed Matter PhysicsMaterials Engineering

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar

urn-nbn

Altmetric score

urn-nbn
Total: 1480 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf