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Biologically mediated phosphorus precipitation in wastewater treatment with microalgae
KTH, Skolan för bioteknologi (BIO), Bioprocessteknik.
KTH, Skolan för bioteknologi (BIO), Miljömikrobiologi.
2007 (Engelska)Ingår i: Environmental technology, ISSN 0959-3330, E-ISSN 1479-487X, Vol. 28, nr 9, s. 953-960Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

A lab-scale continuous microalgal culture was grown on sterile-filtered wastewater in order to clarify the phosphorus removing mechanisms in a microalgal treatment step that treats residual phosphorus from a hydroponic wastewater treatment pilot plant. The phosphorus assimilation was dependent on algal biomass production, whereas the chemical precipitation was dependent on phosphorus load, i.e. an increase in average precipitation rate with decreased hydraulic retention time was observed. The chemical precipitation was mainly a result of the increased pH, which was biologically mediated by the photosynthesising algae. The precipitate was composed of a calcium phosphate with magnesium included, magnesium hydroxide and calcite. A significant nitrogen removal was also experienced, which implies that the microalgal wastewater treatment is appropriate both for phosphorus and nitrogen removal.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
2007. Vol. 28, nr 9, s. 953-960
Nyckelord [en]
microalgae, wastewater treatment, phosphorus, assimilation, precipitation
Nationell ämneskategori
Industriell bioteknik
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-5528DOI: 10.1080/09593332808618855ISI: 000250077400001PubMedID: 17910248Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-34648822765OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-5528DiVA, id: diva2:9922
Anmärkning
Uppdaterad från manuskript till artikel: 20100907 QC 20100907Tillgänglig från: 2006-04-03 Skapad: 2006-04-03 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-06-22Bibliografiskt granskad
Ingår i avhandling
1. Microalgae for Phosphorus Removal from Wastewater in a Nordic Climate
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Microalgae for Phosphorus Removal from Wastewater in a Nordic Climate
2006 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

As part of a research project aiming to develop and evaluate a hydroponic system for wastewater treatment in Sweden, extended nutrient removal by microalgae was tested. The hydroponic/microalgal wastewater treatment system was built in a greenhouse in order to improve growth conditions for plants and algae. Studies on the treatment step with microalgae showed that phosphorus removal could be successfully accomplished owing to the cmbined effect of phosphorus assimilation and biologically mediated chemical precipitation of calcium phosphates. This precipitation was mainly induced by the increased pH in the algal cultures, and the pH increase was in turn a result of the inorganic carbon assimilation by the algae. The results showed that the algal growth was mainly light limited which resulted in higher algal biomass density and also lowe residual nutrients in the water at longer hydraulic retention times (HRT). In contrast the phosphorus removal rate was load limited, i.e. shorter HRT gave higher removal rates. This load dependency was due to the chemical precipitation, whereas the phosphorus assimilation was dependent on algal growth. Furthermore, results from an intensive study during summer showed that culture depths of 17 cm gave higher removal efficiencies (78% - 92%) than cultures of 33 cm (66% - 88%). On the other hand, the removal rate per area was higher in the deeper cultures, which implies that these may be preferred if area is of concern.

Nitrogen removal was achieved mainly by the assimilation of nitrate to algal biomass, and removal efficiencies of around 40% (nitrate) could be reached for most parts of the year although the nitrogen removal performance was quite uneven. Up to 60% - 80% could however be reached during summer in the shallow cultures. A net removal in total nitrogen of up to 40% was observed in the shallow cultures during summer, which was most probably a consequence of grazing zooplankton and subsequent urea excretion and ammonia volatilisation as a reslt of the high pH values.

Over the year, there were large fluctuations in algal growth and removal efficiency as a result of the seasonal variations in light and tempeature. During winter, phosphorus removal efficiencies lower than 25% were observed in the shallow tanks and lower than 10% in the deep tanks. Additional illumination during winter improved the phosphorus removal in the shallow cultures but did not have a significant efect on the deep cultures. Such additional illumination increases the total energy demand of the system, and hence alternative methods for phosphorus removal during winter would probably be more economical unless the algal biomass roduced had great commercial value.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Stockholm: KTH, 2006. s. vi, 44
Nyckelord
assimilation,  hydroponics,  light,  microalgae,  nitrogen,  phosphorus,  plants,  precipitation,  wastewater treatment 
Nationell ämneskategori
Industriell bioteknik
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3896 (URN)91-7178-288-5 (ISBN)
Disputation
2006-04-12, Oskar Kleins auditorium, AlbaNova, Roslagstullsbacken, Stockholm, 10:00
Opponent
Handledare
Anmärkning
QC 20100907Tillgänglig från: 2006-04-03 Skapad: 2006-04-03 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-06-22Bibliografiskt granskad

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