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Electron acceleration in a JET disruption simulation
CEA, IRFM, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France.;Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Swiss Plasma Ctr, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.;CEA, IRFM, F-13108 St Paul Les Durance, France..
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Fusion Plasma Physics.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7741-3370
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Fusion Plasma Physics.
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Fusion Plasma Physics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9546-4494
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Number of Authors: 12272018 (English)In: Nuclear Fusion, ISSN 0029-5515, E-ISSN 1741-4326, Vol. 58, no 10, article id 106022Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Runaways are suprathermal electrons having sufficiently high energy to be continuously accelerated up to tens of MeV by a driving electric field (Connor and Hastie 1975 Nucl. Fusion 15 415). Highly energetic runaway electron (RE) beams capable of damaging the tokamak first wall can be observed after a plasma disruption (Reux et al 2015 Nucl. Fusion 55 129501). Therefore, it is of primary importance to fully understand their generation mechanisms in order to design mitigation systems able to guarantee safe tokamak operations. In a previous work, Sommariva et al (2018 Nucl. Fusion 58), a test particle tracker was introduced in the JOREK 3D non-linear MHD code and used for studying the electron confinement during a simulated JET-like disruption. It was found in Sommariva et al (2018 Nucl. Fusion 58) that relativistic electrons are not completely deconfined by the stochastic magnetic field taking place during the disruption thermal quench (TQ). This is due to the reformation of closed magnetic surfaces at the beginning of the current quench (CQ). This result was obtained neglecting the inductive electric field in order to avoid the unrealistic particle acceleration which otherwise would have happened due to the absence of collision effects. The present paper extends (Sommariva et al 2018 Nucl. Fusion 58) analysing test electron dynamics in the same simulated JET-like disruption using the complete electric field. For doing so, a simplified collision model is introduced in the particle tracker guiding center equations. We show that electrons at thermal energies can become RE during or promptly after the TQ due to a combination of three phenomena: a first REs acceleration during the TQ due to the presence of a complex MHD-induced electric field, particle reconfinement caused by the fast reformation of closed magnetic surfaces after the TQ and a secondary acceleration induced by the CQ electric field.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IOP Publishing , 2018. Vol. 58, no 10, article id 106022
Keywords [en]
runaway electrons, plasma disruptions, magnetohydrodynamics, electron acceleration, particle tracking
National Category
Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-303818DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/aad47dISI: 000441292500002Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85053397889OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-303818DiVA, id: diva2:1607181
Note

QC 20211029

Available from: 2021-10-29 Created: 2021-10-29 Last updated: 2022-12-21Bibliographically approved

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Bergsåker, HenricBykov, IgorFrassinetti, LorenzoGarcia Carrasco, AlvaroHellsten, TorbjörnJonsson, ThomasMenmuir, SheenaPetersson, PerRachlew, ElisabethRatynskaia, Svetlana V.Rubel, MarekStefániková, EsteraStröm, PetterTholerus, SimonTolias, PanagiotisVallejos, PabloWeckmann, ArminZhou, Yushan

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Bergsåker, HenricBykov, IgorFrassinetti, LorenzoGarcia Carrasco, AlvaroHellsten, TorbjörnJonsson, ThomasMenmuir, SheenaPetersson, PerRachlew, ElisabethRatynskaia, Svetlana V.Rubel, MarekStefániková, EsteraStröm, PetterTholerus, SimonTolias, PanagiotisVallejos, PabloWeckmann, ArminZhou, Yushan
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