A circular economy (CE) transition poses new challenges and opportunities for industrial incumbents. When implementing CE, the existing processes, routines, and behaviors are questioned. As such, practitioners must consider the required changes related directly to CE and contextual factors in managing the transition. For this purpose, this study conceptualizes a maturity model, highlighting critical elements to consider to facilitate the transition. The model builds on both state-of-the-art literature in CE and empirical findings from three large industrial firms.

The proposed model consists of the CE practices:

• (1) design of product-service systems,
• (2) processes and logistics in manufacturing and supply,
• (3) circular business model innovation,
• (4) circular innovation in the ecosystem,

and the management practices:

• (1) strategic sustainability integration and
• (2) management controls.

The model is intended to help practitioners define a CE roadmap to facilitate the transition towards a more circular business.