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The Design and Development of DNA Detection Platform for Covid-19 Diagnostics
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.).
2021 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Design och utveckling av DNA-detektionsplattform för Covid-19-diagnostik (Swedish)
Abstract [en]

The Covid-19 pandemic has brought a need for fast point of care (POC) diagnostics. The nanobiotechnology department at SciLifeLab is developing a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) based DNA diagnostics platform. The current device that the department has developed is smartphone based, where the user must take a picture of the sample to analyze. This thesis explores and develops a detection method where a photodiode is used instead. The Covid19 samples have fluorescent green light emission when excited due to the intercalator SYBR Green1, which makes a photodiode suitable for detection. Apart from the detection method, this thesis also explores the design of the diagnostics platform. Form, color, material selection and manufacturing methods are investigated in the hopes of reaching a product which would suit all users, no matter the technical experience of the user. The platform is intended for use in Sub-Saharan Africa, where the infrastructure and level of training is not always optimal. This highlights the importance of a platform that is intuitive and welcoming. Most of the work in this thesis was conducted in a laboratory, and the method of learning was by experimenting with samples and different electrical set-ups. Prototyping was conducted throughout the project, and a final prototype of a detection module was created, which was able to sample 25000 samples/s. A prototype of the platform was also created, with PETG as the chosen material.

Abstract [sv]

Covid-19-pandemin har medfört ett behov av snabba, patientnära (POC) diagnostik. Nanobiotekniska avdelningen på SciLifeLab utvecklar en loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) baserad DNA-diagnostikplattform. Den nuvarande enheten som avdelningen har utvecklat är smartphone-baserad, där användaren måste ta en bild av provet för att analysera. Denna avhandling utforskar och utvecklar en detektionsmetod där en fotodiod används istället. Covid19-proverna har fluorescerande grönt ljusutsläpp när de exciteras på grund av interkalatorn SYBR Green 1, vilket gör en fotodiod lämplig för detektering. Förutom detektionsmetoden utforskar denna avhandling också utformningen av diagnostikplattformen. Form, färg, materialval och tillverkningsmetoder undersöks i hopp om att nå en produkt som passar alla användare, oavsett användarens tekniska upplevelse. Plattformen är avsedd att användas i subsahariska Afrika, där infrastrukturen och utbildningsnivån inte alltid är optimal. Detta belyser vikten av en plattform som är intuitiv och välkomnande. Det mesta av arbetet i denna avhandling genomfördes i ett laboratorium, och inlärningsmetoden var genom att experimentera med prover och olika elektriska uppställningar. Prototyper genomfördes under hela projektet och en slutlig prototyp av en detektionsmodul skapades, som kunde detektera 25000 prover/s. En prototyp av plattformen skapades också, med PETG som valtmaterial.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2021. , p. 46
Series
TRITA-ITM-EX ; 2021:581
National Category
Mechanical Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-305261OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-305261DiVA, id: diva2:1614048
Subject / course
Machine Design
Educational program
Degree of Master
Presentation
2021-10-20, 00:00
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2022-11-25 Created: 2021-11-24 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved

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