kth.sePublications
System disruptions
We are currently experiencing disruptions on the search portals due to high traffic. We are working to resolve the issue, you may temporarily encounter an error message.
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
The effect of anion architecture on the lubrication chemistry of phosphonium orthoborate ionic liquids
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Machine Design (Dept.).ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9403-9368
Univ New South Wales, Sch Chem, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia..
Luleå Univ Technol, Chem Interfaces, S-97187 Luleå, Sweden..
Axel Christiernsson Int AB, S-44911 Nol, Sweden..
Show others and affiliations
2021 (English)In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 11, no 1, article id 24021Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Phosphonium ionic liquids with orthoborate anions have been studied in terms of their interfacial film formation, both physisorbed and sacrificial from chemical breakdown, in sheared contacts of varying harshness. The halogen-free anion architecture was varied through (i) the heteronuclear ring size, (ii) the hybridisation of the constituent atoms, and (iii) the addition of aryl functionalities. Time of Flight-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry analysis revealed the extent of sacrificial tribofilm formation allowing the relative stability of the ionic liquids under tribological conditions to be determined and their breakdown mechanisms to be compared to simple thermal decomposition. Overall, ionic liquids outperformed reference oils as lubricants; in some cases, sacrificial films were formed (with anion breakdown a necessary precursor to phosphonium cation decomposition) while in other cases, a protective, self-assembly lubricant layer or hybrid film was formed. The salicylate-based anion was the most chemically stable and decomposed only slightly even under the harshest conditions. It was further found that surface topography influenced the degree of breakdown through enhanced material transport and replenishment. This work thus unveils the relationship between ionic liquid composition and structure, and the ensuing inter- and intra-molecular interactions and chemical stability, and demonstrates the intrinsic tuneability of an ionic liquid lubrication technology.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature , 2021. Vol. 11, no 1, article id 24021
National Category
Physical Chemistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-306761DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02763-5ISI: 000730739800008PubMedID: 34912003Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85121368601OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-306761DiVA, id: diva2:1623794
Note

QC 20211230

Available from: 2021-12-30 Created: 2021-12-30 Last updated: 2024-04-02Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Ionic lubricants: Molecular features and surface protection mechanisms
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Ionic lubricants: Molecular features and surface protection mechanisms
2022 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

In this thesis ionic liquids (ILs) are investigated as prospective candidates for lubrication. Three custom synthesized phosphonium orthoborate type ILs were extensively studied from the prospective of molecular structuring both in bulk and at the interface and from the prospective of their lubricating performance as neat lubricants and as additives in oils. A wide selection of contact geometries and surface finishes has been utilized to broaden the applicability of the achieved results. Tribological performance of orthoborate ILs when used as additives in oils was additionally benchmarked against two commercial ILs - phosphonium phosphate, phosphonium phosphinate.

Studies on the bulk molecular mobility in the orthoborate ILs performed by means of Pulsed Field Gradient Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (PFG NMR) clearly showed that the distinct molecular organisation in these systems depends on the chemical structure of orthoborate anion. These results demonstrated a clear correlation with tests of the tribological performance of neat orthoborate ILs, where friction reduction, wear protection and particularities of surface interactions were shown to be clearly defined by anion chemistry. Moreover, this finding was further proven to be relevant when using ILs as additives in oils. A comparison of tribological performance of orthoborate ILs with phosphinate and phosphate ILs showed that a change in anion structure could basically revert the tribological performance of oil solution: from lower to higher friction and wear when compared to the neat oil lubricity.

One of the orthoborate ILs - trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(mandelato)borate (PBMB) – was selected for a thorough study when used as a sacrificial oil additive. A joint PFG NMR and Quartz Crystall Microbalance (QCM) study demonstrated the build-up of a PBMB rich film on a electrically charged surface. This provided an experimental prove for the possibility of electrostatically driven physisorption of ILs. Tribological tests performed on the same oil composition demonstrated that PBMB when reaching the surface triggered tribochemical reactions and formation of a surface protective tribofilm. 

Phosphonium orthoborate ILs demonstrated an outstanding performance (decreasing wear by up to 92% and friction by up to 50%) in lubricated mechanical contacts, both when used as neat lubricants and when used as additives. These results are based on an extensive study employing a wide variation in contact geometries, surface finish and motion type. The details of such performance are investigated through an extensive surface analysis and further linked to the chemical structure of the anion.

Abstract [sv]

I denna avhandling studerades jonvätskor som potentiella kandidater som smörj-medel. Tre fosfoniumortoborat jonvätskor studerades avseende molekylära strukturen och prestationen vid kontaktsmörjning. Den molekylära strukturstudien fokuserade på aspekter av bulk såväl som gränssnitt. Smörjningsstudierna utfördes för både ren jonvätskor och jonvätskor som används som tillsatser till oljor. Ett brett utbud av kontaktgeometri och yttopografi metoder användes för att underlätta tolkningen av de erhållna resultaten. Två kommersiellt tillgängliga jonvätskor (fosfoniumfosfat och fosfoniumfosfinat) användes för att utvärdera den tribologiska prestationen av jonvätskor som tillsats till oljor. 

Den molekylära rörligheten studerades med hjälp av Kärnmagnetisk resonans diffusometri. Dessa studier visade tydligt att den distinkta molekylära organisationen var beroende av den kemiska strukturen av ortoboratanjon. Ett liknande samband mellan jonkemi noterades  i tester av den tribologiska prestation av ortoborat jontvätskor när det gäller friktionsreduktion, slitageskydd och ytinteraktioner. Dessa resultat var också relevanta för jonvätskor som används som tillsatser i oljor. Testning av tribologiska prestation hos ortoborater tillsammans med fosfinat- och fosfat-jonvätskor visade att en förändring i anjonstrukturen kan återställa den tribologiska prestation av en oljelösning: från lägre till högre friktion och slitage jämfört med den ursprungliga smörjförmågan. 

En av ortoborat jonvätskor, trihexyltetradecylfosfonium bis(mandelato)borat (PBMB) valdes ut för en djupare analys. Kombinationen av PFG NMR och Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) experimentella metoder visade möjligheten att en PBMB-rik film byggdes upp på toppen av laddade ytor. Således etablerades möjligheten till elektrostatiskt driven fysisorption av jonvätskor experimentellt. Ytterligare tribologiska tester utförda på smörjoljor med tillsatt PBMB indikerade att yt-PBMB deltog i tribokemiska reaktioner och skapade en slitageskyddande tribofilm. 

Fosfoniumortoborat jonvätskor visade en enastående prestation vid smörjning av mekaniska kontakter både som ett rent smörjmedel eller som tillsatser: de minskade slitaget med upp till 92% och friktionen med 50%. Resultat erhölls från en stor studie där flera olika kontaktförhållanden uppnåddes genom variation av yttopografi och genom olika mekaniska arrangemang av den experimentella uppsättningen av tribotesten. De bakomliggande orsakerna till sådana prestandaförändringar undersöktes genom en omfattande ytanalys och kopplades vidare till anjonens kemiska struktur. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2022. p. 68
Series
TRITA-ITM-AVL ; 2022:19
Keywords
ionic liquid, lubrication technology, tribology, boundary lubrication, tribofilm, friction, wear, physico-chemical interaction, diffusion NMR, jonisk vätska, smörjteknik, tribologi, gränsskiktssmörjning, tribofilm, friktion, slitage, fysikalisk-kemisk interaktion, NMR diffusometri
National Category
Other Mechanical Engineering Mechanical Engineering Other Materials Engineering
Research subject
Machine Design
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-312154 (URN)978-91-8040-273-6 (ISBN)
Public defence
2022-06-10, D2 / https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/65562657596, Lindstedtsvägen 5, Stockholm, 09:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2012.0078Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, EM16-0013
Available from: 2022-05-17 Created: 2022-05-16 Last updated: 2025-02-14Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

No full text in DiVA

Other links

Publisher's full textPubMedScopus

Authority records

Munavirov, BulatRutland, Mark W.Glavatskih, Sergei

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Munavirov, BulatRutland, Mark W.Glavatskih, Sergei
By organisation
Machine Design (Dept.)Surface and Corrosion ScienceMachine Design (Div.)
In the same journal
Scientific Reports
Physical Chemistry

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar

doi
pubmed
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

doi
pubmed
urn-nbn
Total: 78 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf