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Generation and Evaluation of Hybrid AAVs for Improved Production
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science.
2021 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) är en framstående vektor inom gen-terapi för leverans av genetiskt material. Den nuvarande utmaningen med AAV är bristen på en enkel uppskalning av dess produktionsprocess i kombination med krav på höga doser. I naturen kräver AAV ett hjälpar-virus för replikering som bidrar med hjälpar-funktioner. För att ersätta hjälparviruset används idag en vanlig metod inom AAV produktion, trippel-transfektion, också känt som tre-plasmidsystemet. Tre-plasmidsystemet använder sig av tre plasmider: en kasettplasmid, en hjälparplasmid, och en replikat-/kapsidplasmid, som transfekteras direkt in i den producerande värdcellen. Olika serotyper av AAV utsöndras från värdcellen i varierande grad, t.ex. utsöndras AAV8 mer än AAV2. Variabilitetsgrafen och andra tidigare studier identifierar 12 olika variabla regioner mellan ett flertal serotyper. Syftet med detta projekt var att undersöka skillnaden i utsöndring, DNA-packning, och infektivitet om man byter ut 7 av de 12 variabla regionerna från AAV8 till AAV2. Målet med denna studie var att skapa nya hybridserotyper med ökad utsöndring och DNA-packning för att öka utbytet av AAV och för att kunna nyttja en mer hållbar kontinuerlig produktionsprocess som nyttjar suspension HEK293F-celler som är lättare att skala upp. En hybridserotyp hade en märkbar ökning i utsöndringen och en annan hade en märkbar ökning i produktion.

Abstract [en]

Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) is a prominent vector for gene therapy. One of the most leading issues with AAV production is the lack of an easily up-scaled method combined with high dosage requirements for gene therapies. In nature, AAV requires a helper virus to provide helper functions necessary for replication. One production method which is used to circumvent the need for a helper virus is the triple transfection, also known as three-plasmid system. The three-plasmid system which consists of three plasmids: cargo plasmid, helper plasmid, and replication/caspid plasmid, which is transfected directly into the producing host cells. Different serotypes of AAV have varying secretion properties from host cells. AAV2 and AAV8 has a low- and high secretion property respectively. Variability plots and previous studies identifies 12 variable regions (VRs) between AAV serotypes. This study examined the change in the attributes of secretion, DNA packaging, and infectivty in hybrid serotypes, which were designed by switching 7 VRs from AAV8 to AAV2. The intention of the study was to provide an AAV hybrid serotype to increase viral secretion and DNA packaging in order to provide better yields by utilizing suspension HEK293F cells to make an up-scaled continuous production process more feasible. The results revealed a hybrid serotype with notable increase in secretion and another variant with a distinct production increase.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2021.
Series
TRITA-CBH-GRU ; 2021:016
Keywords [en]
AAV, production, hybrid serotypes, increase supernatant secretion, three-plasmid system
National Category
Biochemistry Molecular Biology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-306915OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-306915DiVA, id: diva2:1624600
Subject / course
Biotechnology
Educational program
Master of Science - Medical Biotechnology
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2022-01-04 Created: 2022-01-04 Last updated: 2025-02-20

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CiteExportLink to record
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Citation style
  • apa
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