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Characterization of Nonmetallic Inclusions in Different Ferroalloys used in the Steelmaking Processes
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Production Engineering. KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Materials Science and Engineering, Process.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7585-4674
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Materials Science and Engineering, Process.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9801-0842
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Materials Science and Engineering, Process.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9775-0382
2021 (English)In: Steel Research International, ISSN 1611-3683, E-ISSN 1869-344X, Vol. 92, no 11, article id 2100269Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Ferroalloys are one of the most important raw materials widely used in the steelmaking processes. Depending on the cleanliness of used ferroalloys, they can be an inevitable source of impurities and nonmetallic inclusions (NMIs) in steelmaking products. Herein, the inclusions in five different industrial ferroalloys (FeTi, FeMo, FeW, MnN, and FeCrN) are investigated. This is done using 2D investigations on polished cross sections of ferroalloy samples and using 3D investigations of NMIs on film filters and metal surfaces after electrolytic extraction (EE) using scanning electron microscopy in combination with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Moreover, the characteristics of the main types of inclusions presented on film filters and metal surfaces after EE are compared and their possible transformations in Al-killed steel are evaluated. The results show that the main inclusions are more likely the oxidization products of the reductant and some unreduced ore during the ferroalloy production process. The 3D investigations of inclusions on metal surfaces after extraction are found to be very useful in detection and evaluation of larger-sized inclusions. Overall, this study helps to better understand the impurities in different ferroalloys and their possible effect on the steel cleanliness.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Wiley , 2021. Vol. 92, no 11, article id 2100269
Keywords [en]
electrolytic extraction, ferroalloys, high-alloyed steels, nonmetallic inclusions, steelmaking, Aluminum coated steel, Binary alloys, Energy dispersive spectroscopy, Inclusions, Scanning electron microscopy, 3D investigation, Al-killed steel, Metal surfaces, Non-metallic inclusions, Production process, Steel cleanliness, Steelmaking process, Extraction
National Category
Metallurgy and Metallic Materials
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-311180DOI: 10.1002/srin.202100269ISI: 000681385900001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85111812712OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-311180DiVA, id: diva2:1655519
Note

QC 20220502

Available from: 2022-05-02 Created: 2022-05-02 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved

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Wang, YongKarasev, AndreyJönsson, Pär

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