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Investigation of Methods to Improve PZT Sol-Gel Deposition Process for Energy Harvesting Applications
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Health Informatics and Logistics.
2022 (English)Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Undersökning av metoder att förbättra sol-gel deponeringsprocess för PZT med inriktning mot energy harvesting (Swedish)
Abstract [en]

The purpose of this work was to investigate ways to modify Silex sol-gel deposition of PZT (PbZrxTi(1-x)O3, Lead Zirconate Titanate) in order to improve its properties for energy harvesting applications. A number of methods to improve the figure of merit for energy harvesting (FOM= e312/ε), cause self-polarization, increase lifetime, reduce cost, increase throughput or simplify processing were tested.

In order to create a barrier preventing lead diffusion into the substrate, a method to oxidize the bottom electrode’s Ti adhesion layer into TiO2 by RTA (Rapid Thermal Anneal) was tested. Oxidation was successfully achieved and was found to aid in self-polarization, thereby increasing the FOM for films without post-processing polarization. An extended lifetime is expected, but has not yet been confirmed by testing.

A seed layer of a different material was tested and compared to a PZT-based seed layer. The new seed layer was found to give highly (100) crystalline PZT with improved self-polarized e31,f and FOM. The new seed layer was also found to be less sensitive to processing variations.

Oxygen control during crystallization of the PZT was used in an attempt to generate PZT layers with oxygen vacancies. These hypoxic layers were intended to polarize the film, but were found to reduce the FOM and lead to partial delamination of the film due to stress.

A different type of PZT sol-gel was tested as an alternative to the PZT sol-gel in use at Silex. The tested solution was found to result in PZT films with similar properties to those generated by the original type, but the tested type allowed for single layer thicknesses nearly three times thicker than the original type, thereby increasing the throughput and reducing manufacturing costs.

Abstract [sv]

Arbetet undersöker metoder att modifiera Silex sol-gel deponeringsprocess för PZT (PbZrxTi(1-x)O3, blyzirconiumtitanat) i syfte att att förbättra dess egenskaper för energy harvesting. Ett antal metoder testades för att förbättra godhetstalet för energy harvesting ("figure of merit", FOM= e312/ε), åstadkomma självpolarisering, utöka livslängden, minska kostnader, öka produktionskapaciteten eller förenkla tillverkningsprocessen.

En metod testades för att oxidera bottenelektrodens fästlager av Ti till TiO2 genom RTA (Rapid Thermal Anneal). Detta för att åstadkomma en barriär som förhindrar diffusion av bly in i substratet. Oxidering uppnåddes och mätningar visade en positiv inverkan på självpolariseringen, vilket ökade godhetstalet för energy harvesting i PZT-skikt utan efterbehandlingspolarisering. En utökad livslängd förväntas, men har ännu inte bekräftats via testning.

Ett seedlager av ett annat material testades och jämfördes med ett PZT-baserat seedlager. Det nya seedlagret gav välkristalliserat (100) PZT med förbättrade värden för e31,f och godhetstal för energy harvesting. Det nya seedlagret var även mindre känsligt för processvariationer.

Tester med begränsad syretillgång under kristallisering av PZT genomfördes för att generera PZT-lager med syrevakanser. Syftet med dessa hypoxiska PZT-lager var att polarisera materialet, men testerna resulterade i försämrat godhetstal för energy harvesting, samt partiell delaminering av PZT-skiktet orsakad av spänningar i materialet.

Som alternativ till den PZT sol-gel som användes på Silex testades en annan typ av PZT sol-gel. Den testade sol-gelen resulterade i PZT-skikt med liknande materialegenskaper som hos den ursprungliga typen, men med möjlighet till nästan tre gånger så tjocka enskilda lager, vilket leder till ökad produktionskapacitet och minskade produktionskostnader.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2022. , p. 63
Series
TRITA-CBH-GRU ; 2022:259
Keywords [en]
PZT, sol-gel, self-polarization, seed layer, titanium oxidation
Keywords [sv]
PZT, sol-gel, självpolarisering, seedlager, titanoxidering
National Category
Other Materials Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-319627OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-319627DiVA, id: diva2:1701077
Subject / course
Material Physics
Educational program
Bachelor of Science in Engineering - Electrical Engineering
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2022-10-05 Created: 2022-10-04 Last updated: 2022-10-05Bibliographically approved

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