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On the diversity of magnetar-driven kilonovae
Nordita SU, ; Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova, Dept Astron, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden..
Univ Southampton, Math Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.;Univ Southampton, STAG Res Ctr, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England..
2022 (English)In: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, ISSN 0035-8711, E-ISSN 1365-2966, Vol. 516, no 4, p. 4949-4962Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A non-negligible fraction of binary neutron star mergers are expected to form long-lived neutron star remnants, dramatically altering the multimessenger signatures of a merger. Here, we extend existing models for magnetar-driven kilonovae and explore the diversity of kilonovae and kilonova afterglows. Focusing on the role of the (uncertain) magnetic field strength, we study the resulting electromagnetic signatures as a function of the external dipolar and internal toroidal fields. These two parameters govern, respectively, the competition between magnetic-dipole spin-down and gravitational-wave spin-down (due to magnetic-field deformation) of the rapidly rotating remnant. We find that even in the parameter space where gravitational-wave emission is dominant, a kilonova with a magnetar central engine will be significantly brighter than one without an engine, as this parameter space is where more of the spin-down luminosity is thermalized. In contrast, a system with minimal gravitational-wave emission will produce a kilonova that may be difficult to distinguish from ordinary kilonovae unless early epoch observations are available. However, as the bulk of the energy in this parameter space goes into accelerating the ejecta, such a system will produce a brighter kilonova afterglow that will peak in shorter times. To effectively hide the presence of the magnetar from the kilonova and kilonova afterglow, the rotational energy inputted into the ejecta must be less than or similar to 10(-3)to 10(-2)E(rot). We discuss the different diagnostics available to identify magnetar-driven kilonovae in serendipitous observations and draw parallels to other potential magnetar-driven explosions, such as superluminous supernovae and broad-line supernovae Ic.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Oxford University Press (OUP) , 2022. Vol. 516, no 4, p. 4949-4962
Keywords [en]
stars: magnetars, transients: neutron star mergers
National Category
Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-319846DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac2609ISI: 000857565600005Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85141736903OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-319846DiVA, id: diva2:1702608
Note

QC 20221011

Available from: 2022-10-11 Created: 2022-10-11 Last updated: 2023-09-25Bibliographically approved

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