kth.sePublications
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
On Electrical Machine Topologies for Electric Vehicle Applications
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Electric Power and Energy Systems.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1058-0390
2022 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The deployment of electric vehicles is considered a viable solution towardsreducing the global greenhouse-gas emissions and fossil-fuel consumption. Inorder to produce highly efficient and economically feasible electrical drivesystems, the selection of suitable electric motor designs is a key step.The target of this work is to identify, analyze and compare suitable elec-trical machine topologies for automotive applications based on highly coupledand conflicting criteria. For this purpose, an evolutionary multi-objective op-timization is developed that can yield a set of Pareto-optimal solutions and,thus, offer different compromises among the considered design-objectives. Theefficacy of the algorithm is demonstrated, rendering it an important tool forthe subsequent analysis.In the first part of this thesis, the investigation of pole-phase changinginduction machines is presented. A special induction machine topology withwound, independently-controlled stator coils (WICSC) is introduced. Thestator-winding configuration in this machine permits the individual energiza-tion and current control of the toroidal coil in each stator slot, thus facilitatingthe real-time change of both phase and pole number. The 2D magnetic and3D thermal finite-element method (FEM) models of this machine are devel-oped, as well as an analytical transient model of the current dynamics. Adetailed investigation of the behavior of pole-phase changing induction ma-chines and the impact of their design on the selection of optimum pole-phaseoperations throughout the entire operating region is performed. Specifically,three WICSC machines that were originally designed with 2, 4 and 6 fixedmagnetic poles are evaluated as pole-phase changing machines with the aim ofdetermining the overall improvement in terms of torque per ampere capabilityand efficiency.The second part of this work is focused on the design and performance ofaxial-flux induction machines (AFIMs). An electromagnetic sizing algorithmfor the design of AFIMs is developed, which adopts a geometrical approachto the design problem, while minimizing the use of empirical factors. Theeffectiveness of this algorithm is experimentally validated, using a commercialdouble-stator AFIM utilized as an integrated starter generator in a hybridelectric vehicle application. Moreover, in order to assess the benefits of pole-changing in axial-flux structures, the optimization of an interior-permanentmagnet synchronous machine, a radial-flux WICSC machine and a double-rotor axial-flux WICSC machine is carried out for a heavy vehicle applicationand the comparison of their Pareto-optimal solutions is presented.

Abstract [sv]

Ökad användning av elektriska fordon bedöms vara en hållbar lösning föratt minska förbrukningen av fossila bränslen och därmed de globala utsläppenav växthusgaser. För att utveckla och producera elektriska framdrivningssy-stem med hög verkningsgrad och låg kostnad är valet av lämpliga elmotor-konstruktioner ett viktigt steg.Målet med detta arbete är att identifiera, analysera och jämföra lämpligaelektriska maskintopologier baserade på starkt kopplade och delvis motstridi-ga kriterier. För detta ändamål har en evolutionär multiobjektiv optimeringutvecklats som kan ge en uppsättning Pareto-optimala lösningar vilka möjlig-gör kompromisser mellan de olika designkriterierna. Algoritmens effektivitethar påvisats, vilket gör den till ett viktigt verktyg för den efterföljande ana-lysen.Avhandlingens första del analyserar asynkronmaskiner med variabelt pol-och fastal. En speciell topologi med lindade, separatmatade härvor i statorn(Wound, Independently Controlled Stator Coils, WICSC) presenteras. Sta-torlindningskonfigurationen tillåter individuell styrning av strömmen i respek-tive statorspår, vilket underlättar ändringen av både antalet faser och poltal irealtid. En magnetisk 2D och en termisk 3D finit element modell (FEM) harutvecklats tillsammans med en analytisk transient modell för strömmen. Endetaljerad undersökning av beteendet hos poltals- och fastalsväxlande asyn-kronmaskiner och inverkan av deras konstruktion på valet av optimalt antalpoler och faser har genomförts för hela maskinens arbetsområde. Specifikthar tre WICSC-maskiner, som ursprungligen konstruerades med 2, 4 resp. 6poler, utvärderas vid användning som poltals- och fastalsväxlande maskinermed syftet att bestämma den totala förbättringen av vridmoment per ampereoch verkningsgrad.Avhandlingens andra del fokuserar på konstruktion och prestanda förasynkronmaskiner av axialflödestyp (Axial Flux Induction Machine, AFIM).En elektromagnetisk dimensioneringsalgoritm för konstruktion av AFIM sombygger på ett geometriskt tillvägagångssätt har utvecklats, samtidigt som be-hovet av att använda empiriska faktorer minimeras. Effektiviteten hos dennaalgoritm har validerats experimentellt med hjälp av en kommersiellt tillgäng-lig dubbelstator AFIM för en integrerad startgenerator i ett hybriddrivsystemför elfordon. För att bedöma fördelarna med fas- och poltalsväxling i maski-ner med axiellt flöde, har en optimering av en permanentmagnetiserad syn-kronmaskin, en radialflödes-WICSC-maskin och en dubbelrotor-axialflödes-WICSC-maskin genomförts. Jämförelsen gjordes för ett tyngre elfordon ochmaskinernas Pareto-optimala lösningar presenteras.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2022. , p. 109
Series
TRITA-EECS-AVL ; 2022:64
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-320634ISBN: 978-91-8040-378-8 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-320634DiVA, id: diva2:1706926
Public defence
2022-11-18, Kollegiesalen, Brinellvägen 6, Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 20221028

Available from: 2022-10-28 Created: 2022-10-28 Last updated: 2022-10-31Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. A Transient Model of WICSC and ISCAD Machines Based on Permeance Networks
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A Transient Model of WICSC and ISCAD Machines Based on Permeance Networks
2020 (English)In: Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2020, p. 2048-2054Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Today, multiphase electric machinery is considered in automotive traction applications. Some multiphase machine topologies also enable the possibility to change the pole and/or phase number during operation, an option which can be of benefit thanks to the large speed range that an electric machine for traction applications typically operates with. In this paper, an analytical model of the current dynamics for the wound independently-controlled stator coils (WICSC) and the intelligent stator cage drive (ISCAD) machines is presented. The model, based on setting up a permeance network in the stator and rotor and a rotor-angle dependent connection between the two networks, allows for predicting current transients during pole and phase changes. Thus, it is suitable for the design of control methods exploiting both the multiphase nature of the machine as well as performing pole-number changes during operation. The presented model is validated by comparing results from a corresponding finite-element based model of a WICSC machine during a pole change.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2020
Keywords
Induction machine, multi-phase machine, permeance networks, phase changing, pole changing
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-286895 (URN)10.1109/ICEM49940.2020.9270733 (DOI)000635705300301 ()2-s2.0-85098655353 (Scopus ID)
Conference
2020 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), 23rd-26th August 2020, Gothenburg
Note

QC 20210614

Available from: 2020-12-02 Created: 2020-12-02 Last updated: 2022-10-28Bibliographically approved
2. Iron-Loss Computation Using Matlab and Comsol Multiphysics
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Iron-Loss Computation Using Matlab and Comsol Multiphysics
2020 (English)In: Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2020, p. 916-920Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

In this paper, which is tutorial in nature, a description together with associated code samples is presented for predicting iron losses from a two-dimensional, finite-element model implemented using Comsol Multiphysics and Matlab. Two different conventional iron-loss models are presented and compared. The parameters for the adopted loss models are determined for an M250-35A-type steel and sample loss-density distributions are presented for different electric machine geometries.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2020
Keywords
Eddy currents, electric machinery, finite element modeling, hysteresis, iron losses
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-286894 (URN)10.1109/ICEM49940.2020.9270824 (DOI)000635705300135 ()2-s2.0-85098637114 (Scopus ID)
Conference
2020 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), 23rd-26th August 2020, Gothenburg
Note

QC 20201203

Available from: 2020-12-02 Created: 2020-12-02 Last updated: 2022-10-28Bibliographically approved
3. An Induction Machine with Wound Independently-Controlled Stator Coils
Open this publication in new window or tab >>An Induction Machine with Wound Independently-Controlled Stator Coils
2019 (English)In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), IEEE, 2019Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

In this paper, a novel induction machine topology with wound, independently-controlled stator coils is presented. The introduced configuration of the stator-winding enables the individual energization and control of the coils in each stator slot. Therefore, the possibility of changing the number of poles and active phases in the stator winding during operation is explored in this study.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE, 2019
Series
International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems, ISSN 2640-7841, E-ISSN 2642-5513
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Research subject
Electrical Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-266350 (URN)10.1109/ICEMS.2019.8921779 (DOI)000537504803190 ()2-s2.0-85077125736 (Scopus ID)
Conference
2019 22nd International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), August 11-14, 2019, Harbin, China
Note

QC 20200108

Available from: 2020-01-08 Created: 2020-01-08 Last updated: 2022-10-28Bibliographically approved
4. Many-objective Optimization of IPM and Induction Motors for Automotive Application
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Many-objective Optimization of IPM and Induction Motors for Automotive Application
2019 (English)Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

This paper presents a Pareto-optimality-based optimization methodology suitable for the design of electrical motors in automotive applications. The proposed many-objective evolutionary algorithm is utilized in this study case for the optimization of an interior permanent-magnet (IPM) synchronous motor and an induction motor (IM), considering as criteria the motors' torque capability, efficiency as well as torque density. Finite-element (FE) models of the investigated motor topologies are developed and incorporated in the optimization process in order to ensure an accurate estimation of their electromagnetic performance. The attainment of the targeted specifications by the final optimal designs validates the efficacy of the implemented optimization algorithm.

National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Research subject
Electrical Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264770 (URN)10.23919/EPE.2019.8914848 (DOI)000515073400064 ()2-s2.0-85076670806 (Scopus ID)
Conference
2019 21st European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE '19 ECCE Europe)
Note

QC 20191203

Available from: 2019-12-03 Created: 2019-12-03 Last updated: 2022-10-28Bibliographically approved
5. Experimental Validation of Axial-Flux Induction Machine Sizing Algorithm for Automotive Application
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Experimental Validation of Axial-Flux Induction Machine Sizing Algorithm for Automotive Application
Show others...
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-320606 (URN)
Note

QC 20221028

Available from: 2022-10-27 Created: 2022-10-27 Last updated: 2022-10-28Bibliographically approved
6. Design Aspects and Performance Evaluation of Pole-Phase Changing Induction Machines
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Design Aspects and Performance Evaluation of Pole-Phase Changing Induction Machines
2022 (English)In: Energies, E-ISSN 1996-1073, Vol. 15, no 19, p. 7012-7012Article in journal, Editorial material (Refereed) Published
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-320633 (URN)10.3390/en15197012 (DOI)000866798200001 ()2-s2.0-85139798592 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20221028

Available from: 2022-10-27 Created: 2022-10-27 Last updated: 2023-08-28Bibliographically approved
7. A Comparative Study of IPM and WICSC Machines for Heavy Vehicle Application
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A Comparative Study of IPM and WICSC Machines for Heavy Vehicle Application
2022 (English)Conference paper, Oral presentation with published abstract (Refereed)
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-320632 (URN)10.1109/ICEM51905.2022.9910942 (DOI)2-s2.0-85141094322 (Scopus ID)
Conference
2022 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), 2022.
Note

QC 20221028

Available from: 2022-10-27 Created: 2022-10-27 Last updated: 2023-06-08Bibliographically approved
8. A Case Study of Pole-Phase Changing Induction Machine Performance
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A Case Study of Pole-Phase Changing Induction Machine Performance
2022 (English)In: 2022 24Th European Conference On Power Electronics And Applications (EPE'22 ECCE EUROPE), IEEE, 2022Conference paper, Oral presentation with published abstract (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Pole-phase changing (PPC) induction machines (IMs) can achieve improved efficiency as well as wider torque-speed range compared to their fixed pole-phase counterparts. In this paper, a 4-pole IM is designed and evaluated in terms of its pole-phase changing performance.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE, 2022
Series
European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, ISSN 2325-0313
Keywords
FEM modeling, independently-controlled stator coils, induction machine, maximum efficiency operation, maximum torque per ampere operation, phase-changing, pole-changing
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-320605 (URN)000886231601074 ()2-s2.0-85141577526 (Scopus ID)
Conference
24th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE ECCE Europe), SEP 05-09, 2022, Hanover, GERMANY
Note

QC 20221028

Available from: 2022-10-27 Created: 2022-10-27 Last updated: 2023-06-13Bibliographically approved
9. Preliminary Electromagnetic Sizing of Axial-Flux Induction Machines
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Preliminary Electromagnetic Sizing of Axial-Flux Induction Machines
2020 (English)In: Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2020Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

This paper presents a preliminary electromagnetic sizing algorithm for double-rotor axial-flux induction machines (DR-AFIMs). The proposed algorithm is based on a geometrical approach and limits the use of empirical factors and past experience. The sizing equations for all the main geometrical and operational machine parameters are derived and a concise outline of the electromagnetic sizing algorithm is provided. The efficacy of the implemented algorithm is validated using finiteelement DR-AFIM models. The achievement of the targeted specifications in the preliminary DR-AFIM designs is proven and demonstrated.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2020
Keywords
Axial-flux induction machine, double-rotor, finite-element method, preliminary electromagnetic design, sizing equations
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Research subject
Electrical Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-286892 (URN)10.1109/ICEM49940.2020.9270719 (DOI)000635705300043 ()2-s2.0-85098644904 (Scopus ID)
Conference
2020 International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), 23rd-26th August 2020, Gothenburg
Note

QC 20201203

Available from: 2020-12-02 Created: 2020-12-02 Last updated: 2022-10-28Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

fulltext(11226 kB)1283 downloads
File information
File name FULLTEXT01.pdfFile size 11226 kBChecksum SHA-512
79491f8cedf48181d67b204e0b6d45e03a365304762b1c46e3d8d8a063670d365e715104722d3e79e744a2637729c5e70ff64fbb3a00ef351f7380ffd831c10c
Type fulltextMimetype application/pdf

Authority records

Bitsi, Konstantina

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Bitsi, Konstantina
By organisation
Electric Power and Energy Systems
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar
Total: 1305 downloads
The number of downloads is the sum of all downloads of full texts. It may include eg previous versions that are now no longer available

isbn
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

isbn
urn-nbn
Total: 1135 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf