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Effect of rock joints on lined rock caverns subjected to high internal gas pressure
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Soil and Rock Mechanics.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7643-7274
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Soil and Rock Mechanics.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5372-7519
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Soil and Rock Mechanics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8152-6092
2023 (English)In: Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, ISSN 1674-7755, Vol. 15, no 7, p. 1625-1635Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The storage of hydrogen gas in lined rock caverns (LRCs) may enable the implementation of the first large-scale fossil-free steelmaking process in Sweden, but filling such storage causes joints in the rock mass to open, concentrating strains in the lining. The structural interaction between the LRC components must be able to reduce the strain concentration in the sealing steel lining; however, this interaction is complex and difficult to predict with analytical methods. In this paper, the strain concentration in LRCs from the opening of rock joints is studied using finite element (FE) analyses, where the large- and small-scale behaviors of the LRC are coupled. The model also includes concrete crack initiation and development with increasing gas pressure and rock joint width. The interaction between the jointed rock mass and the reinforced concrete, the sliding layer, and the steel lining is demonstrated. The results show that the rock mass quality and the spacing of the rock joints have the greatest influence on the strain distributions in the steel lining. The largest effect of rock joints on the maximum strains in the steel lining was observed for geological conditions of “good” quality rock masses.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV , 2023. Vol. 15, no 7, p. 1625-1635
Keywords [en]
lined rock cavern (LRC); rock joints; strain concentrations; lining interaction; finite element (FE) analysis; high gas pressure
National Category
Geotechnical Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-321070DOI: 10.1016/j.jrmge.2022.11.011ISI: 001070902700001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85148760247OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-321070DiVA, id: diva2:1708657
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency, 42684-2 and P2022-00209
Note

QC 20230612

Available from: 2022-11-04 Created: 2022-11-04 Last updated: 2023-10-16Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Modeling aspects of reliability-based design of lined rock caverns
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Modeling aspects of reliability-based design of lined rock caverns
2022 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The storage of large quantities of hydrogen gas in underground lined rock caverns (LRCs) could contribute to an efficient supply of fossil-free energy. The consequences of failure of such storage can be catastrophic, so representative predictive models and a small probability of failure are needed for the LRC design. However, the available predictive models are simplified. On top of that, the calculation of a small probability of failure is challenging on its own, and becomes more difficult when combined with representative numerical models, which are often computationally demanding.

The purpose of this thesis is to develop a reliability-based design tool for LRC gas storages to ensure that societal safety requirements are met. For the development of this LRC design tool, the research issues are related to the prediction of the rock cavern response to a high internal gas pressure; interaction between LRC components; suitability of reliability-based calculation methods for the LRC design; and, effect of uncertainties on the probability of failure of the LRC design.

The results show that the available analytical model to predict the rock cavern response is only applicable for idealized geological conditions and geometries, so numerical models are needed. Finite element (FE) models are therefore developed to account for the complex interaction between LRC components, including the influence of opening of discrete rock joints on the strain concentrations in the steel lining. The adaptive directional importance sampling (ADIS) method is identified to be suitable to perform reliability-based analysis with FE models, requiring only a small number of samples for sufficiently accurate estimations of small probabilities of failure. The structural reliability of the LRC design is found to be sensitive to the rock mass quality and the correlation between geological properties.

Abstract [sv]

Lagring av stora mängder vätgas i underjordiska inklädda bergrum (LRC)skulle kunna bidra till en effektiv försörjning av fossilfri energi. Konsekvenserna av läckage i sådana lager kan vara katastrofala, så braberäkningsmodeller behövs för att kunna verifiera att brottsannolikheten i LRC är tillräckligt liten. De tillgängliga beräkningsmodellerna är dock förenklade. Dessutom är beräkningen av små brottsannolikheter utmanande i sig och blir ännu svårare i kombination med representativa numeriska modeller, eftersom sådana modeller kräver långa beräkningstider.

Syftet med denna doktorsavhandling är att utveckla ett sannlikhetsbaserat designverktyg för att uppfylla de säkerhets krav som ställs vid lagring av trycksatt gas i LRC. De specifika forskningsfrågorna är relaterade till modellerandet av bergrummets mekaniska beteende; interaktionen mellan LRC-komponenter; lämpligheten av sannolikhetsbaserade beräkningsmetoder för LRC-designen; samt effekten av osäkerheter på sannolikheten för brott i LRC-designen.

Resultaten visar att den befintliga analytiska modellen för att modellera bergrummets beteende endast är tillämpbar för idealiserade geologiska förhållanden och geometrier, vilket indikerar att numeriska modeller behövs. Sådana modeller har därför utvecklats för att ta hänsyn tilli nteraktionen mellan LRC-komponenter, vilka beaktar hur öppning av bergssprickor påverkar stålinklädnadens töjning. Den adaptiva riktade viktningssamplingsmetoden (ADIS) har identifierats vara lämplig för att utföra sannolikhetsbaserade analyser med FE-modellerna, eftersom ADIS kan ge tillräckligt exakta uppskattningar av små brottsannolikheter trots få körningar av den numeriska modellen. Brottsannolikhetsberäkningarna har visat sig vara känsliga för främst bergmassans kvalitet och korrelationen mellan geologiska egenskaper.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2022. p. 85
Series
TRITA-ABE-DLT ; 2242
Keywords
Lined rock cavern, reliability-based design, analytical modeling, finite element modeling, underground gas storage, Inklädda bergrum, tillförlitlighetsbaserad design, analytisk modellering, finita elementmodellering, underjordisk gaslagring
National Category
Geotechnical Engineering
Research subject
Civil and Architectural Engineering, Soil and Rock Mechanics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-321073 (URN)978-91-8040-404-4 (ISBN)
Public defence
2022-12-02, D2, Lindstedtsvägen 9, KTH Campus, https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/64410297205, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency, 42684-2 and P2022-00209
Note

QC 221110

Available from: 2022-11-10 Created: 2022-11-04 Last updated: 2022-11-14Bibliographically approved

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Damasceno, Davi RodriguesSpross, JohanJohansson, Fredrik

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