kth.sePublications
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
On the in-plane mechanical properties of birch plywood
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Building Materials.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6698-3770
2022 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Birch plywood has favorable mechanical properties that could be used in new types of connections for timber structures, and thus enable a substitution of the current system with steel plates. Such new connections could result in significant advantages in terms of environmental impact and economy as well as ease of prefabrication and mountability. However, there is a lack of data concerning some of the mechanical properties of birch plywood that would be necessary in order to perform a safe design. In particular, there is a lack of reliable data and understanding of the mechanical properties of birch plywood in directions other than along and perpendicular to the face grain. The aim of this thesis is to gain new knowledge about this anisotropy and to study the variation of the in-plane mechanical properties of birch plywood at different loading angles to the face grain, including effects of size and moisture changes. The goal is that this knowledge will serve as input for the design of birch plywood connections under various loading conditions in timber structures. Specifically, birch plywood specimens were laboratory tested in in-plane tension, compression, shear and bending. The results show that birch plywood possesses the highest tensile, compressive and bending strength and elastic modulus parallel to the face grain and the lowest ones at 45° to the face grain. The opposite findings were noticed for the shear strength and the shear modulus. Moreover, a size effect on the in-plane bending strength property was observed at 0° (parallel) and 90° (perpendicular) to the face grain but not at other angles, which is attributed to the different failure mechanisms. In addition, the increase of moisture leads to the decreased bending strength and elastic modulus in the hygroscopic range. Validated by the experimental work, both analytical and numerical models to predict the mechanical performance of birch plywood under different load conditions and various moisture contents are proposed.

Abstract [sv]

Björkplywood har gynnsamma mekaniska egenskaper som skulle kunna användas i nya typer av knutpunkter (förband) för träkonstruktioner, och därmed möjliggöra en substituering av dagens system med stålplåtar. Sådana nya knutpunkter kan innebära avsevärda fördelar när det gäller miljöpåverkan och ekonomi samt en enkel prefabricering och monterbarhet. Det saknas dock data när det gäller vissa mekaniska egenskaper hos björkplywood som är nödvändiga för att kunna utföra en säker design. I synnerhet saknas tillförlitliga data och förståelse kring de mekaniska egenskaperna hos björkplywood i andra riktningar än längs och tvärs dess ytfanér. Syftet med denna avhandling är att ta fram ny kunskap om denna anisotropi och studera variationen av de mekaniska egenskaperna hos björkplywood i dess plan vid olika belastningsvinklar mot ytfanérets fiberriktning, inklusive effekter av storlek och fuktförändringar. Målet är att denna kunskap ska fungera som input för design av björkplywood-förband under olika belastningsförhållanden i träkonstruktioner. Specifikt testades prover av björkplywood i dess plan i drag, tryck, skjuvning och böjning. Resultaten visar att björkplywood har den högsta drag-, tryck- och böjhållfastheten och elasticitetsmodulen parallellt med ytfanérets fiberriktning och den lägsta vid 45° mot densamma. Det motsatta gäller för skjuvhållfasthet och -modul. Dessutom observerades en storlekseffekt avseende böjhållfastheten vid 0° (parallell) och 90° (vinkelrätt) mot ytfanérets fiberriktning men inte vid andra vinklar, vilket förklaras genom de olika brottmekanismerna. Dessutom leder ökningen av fukt till minskad böjhållfasthet och elasticitetsmodul i det hygroskopiska området. Validerat av det experimentella arbetet föreslås både analytiska och numeriska modeller för att förutsäga den mekaniska prestandan hos björkplywood under olika belastningsförhållanden och olika fuktkvoter.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2022. , p. 41
Series
TRITA-ABE-DLT ; 2247
Keywords [en]
Birch plywood, in-plane mechanical properties, load-to-face grain angle, failure criteria, size effect, moisture
Keywords [sv]
Björkplywood, mekaniska egenskaper i planet, belastningsvinkel relativt ytfaneren, brott kriterier, storlekseffekt, fukt
National Category
Civil Engineering
Research subject
Civil and Architectural Engineering, Building Materials
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-321461ISBN: 978-91-8040-431-0 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-321461DiVA, id: diva2:1711342
Presentation
2022-12-15, M108, Brinellvägen 23, KTH Campus, videolänk [SAKNAS], Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 20221117

Available from: 2022-11-17 Created: 2022-11-16 Last updated: 2023-12-07Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. In-plane mechanical properties of birch plywood
Open this publication in new window or tab >>In-plane mechanical properties of birch plywood
2022 (English)In: Construction and Building Materials, ISSN 0950-0618, E-ISSN 1879-0526, Vol. 340, article id 127852Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

There is an increasing demand for engineered wood products in modern structures. Birch plywood is promising in structural applications, due to the combined advantages of its superior mechanical properties and the cross lamination configuration. However, the off-axis mechanical properties of birch plywood have not been thoroughly investigated. The aim of this paper is to establish a comprehensive experimental dataset that could serve as the input in the analytical or numerical models to design birch plywood under various load conditions. Specifically, tensile, compressive and shear tests were conducted under five different angles to the face grain, i.e., from 0 degrees (parallel) to 90 degrees (perpendicular) to the face grain, with an interval of 22.5 degrees. The stress-strain relationships, failure modes, strength and elastic properties of birch plywood are highly dependent on the load-to-face-grain angle. The strength and the elastic properties are also predicted by various analytical and empirical models. Parametric analyses are performed to study the influence of the interaction coefficient F-12 in Tsai-Wu failure criterion and the Poisson's ratio v(xy) in the transformation model on the predicted strength and modulus respectively. Lastly, the possibilities of predicting the on-axis shear modulus based on the off-axis uniaxial tests are discussed in this paper.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV, 2022
Keywords
Birch plywood, Mechanical properties, Load-to-face-grain angle, Failure criteria, Analytical models
National Category
Materials Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-316024 (URN)10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127852 (DOI)000829923300002 ()2-s2.0-85130880201 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20220809

Available from: 2022-08-09 Created: 2022-08-09 Last updated: 2024-03-12Bibliographically approved
2. Influence of face grain angle, size, and moisture content on the edgewise bending strength and stiffness of birch plywood
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Influence of face grain angle, size, and moisture content on the edgewise bending strength and stiffness of birch plywood
2022 (English)In: Materials & design, ISSN 0264-1275, E-ISSN 1873-4197, Vol. 223, p. 111227-, article id 111227Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Birch plywood exhibits outstanding mechanical properties with regards to tensile, compressive, and shear behaviors, making this engineered wood product promising in timber connection applications. However, the edgewise bending strength and stiffness, which are often critical for the design of gusset plates, have not been investigated thoroughly. Moreover, in engineering applications, the size and moisture content of the plywood plate are in general very different from those adopted in laboratory testing according to current standards. This paper aims to investigate the influence of face grain angle, size, and moisture content on the edgewise bending strength and stiffness of birch plywood. In total, 288 birch plywood specimens were tested in three-point bending at five different face grain angles to the beam longitudinal axis (from 0 degrees (parallel) to 90 degrees (perpendicular), with an angle step of 22.5 degrees), with four different sizes (with the nominal depth of 20 mm, 30 mm, 40 mm, and 50 mm) and three different moisture contents (7.2 %, 11.9 %, and 21.8 %). Analytical and numerical models, both taking non-linear elasto-plastic compressive behaviors into account, were developed for the prediction of the ultimate moment capacity based on different failure definitions. Lastly, the relationships between the bending strength and elastic modulus were analyzed.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV, 2022
Keywords
Birch plywood, Edgewise bending, Face grain angle, Size effect, Property -moisture relationships
National Category
Paper, Pulp and Fiber Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-321008 (URN)10.1016/j.matdes.2022.111227 (DOI)000868979400002 ()2-s2.0-85139590700 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20221104

Available from: 2022-11-04 Created: 2022-11-04 Last updated: 2024-03-12Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

fulltext(2620 kB)5502 downloads
File information
File name FULLTEXT01.pdfFile size 2620 kBChecksum SHA-512
0572518fcaa63fdfbcddf79baa162d1f05a9573b053ec6a4e41b40cc157acaa202821ee44f704de36ef152b0d1268a0ffd6ac988e25fccd188b741f8708c1f4d
Type fulltextMimetype application/pdf

Authority records

Wang, Tianxiang

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Wang, Tianxiang
By organisation
Building Materials
Civil Engineering

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar
Total: 5522 downloads
The number of downloads is the sum of all downloads of full texts. It may include eg previous versions that are now no longer available

isbn
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

isbn
urn-nbn
Total: 803 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf