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Determining whether the Hövding bicycle airbag is secure against cyber attacks
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS).
2022 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Att avgöra om en Hövding cykel-airbag är skyddad mot cyberangrepp (Swedish)
Abstract [en]

This thesis is about cyber-security and penetration testing. More specifically it concerns penetration testing of a Hövding bicycle airbag which is a smart alternative to a traditional bicycle helmet. The thesis focuses on exploiting Bluetooth Low Energy, firmware analysis and reverse engineering. The research question is as follows: Is the Hövding bicycle airbag secure against cyber attacks? No previous work has been done with regards to penetration testing the Hövding, despite its popularity. The Hövding’s latest model allows users to connect to their Hövding using a smartphone, with Bluetooth Low Energy as a communication protocol. There is limited research that has been done on exploiting this protocol, which is relatively complex and secure. To answer the research question a number of threats and attacks is identified with the help of the STRIDE model and whose risk is assessed with the DREAD model. These attacks are later executed in a series of penetration tests on the Hövding. The result shows that the Hövding has been securely developed and no vulnerabilities are found. Although no vulnerabilities are found the thesis discusses various approaches that can be useful for further work relating penetration testing similar devices. Regarding further work on the Hövding, there might be some vulnerabilities left to be discovered, perhaps related to hardware hacking or firmware tampering.

Abstract [sv]

I denna avhandling analyseras cybersäkerhet och penetrationstestning. Den behandlar penetrationstestning av Hövdings cykelairbag som är ett uppkopplat alternativ till traditionell cykelhjälm. Fokus är exploatering av Bluetooth Low Energy, analys av fast programvara och baklängeskonstruktion. Frågeställningen lyder: Är Hövdings cykelairbag skyddad mot cyberangrepp? Det finns inga tidigare vetenskapliga arbeten rörande penetrationstestning av Hövdingen, trots dess popularitet. Hövdings senaste modell tillåter användaren att ansluta cykelairbagen till mobil med hjälp av Bluetooth Low Energy-protokollet. Forskning om exploatering av detta protokoll, som är relativt komplext och säkert, är begränsat. För att besvara frågeställningen identifieras hot och attacker med hjälp av STRIDE-modellen vars risk sedan fastställs med DREAD-modellen. Dessa attacker genomförs i en serie penetrationstest på Hövdingen. Resultatet visar att Hövdingen har utvecklats på ett säkert sätt och inga sårbarheter påträffas. Trots att inga sårbarheter påträffas diskuteras olika ansatser som kan vara tillämpliga för framtida penetrationstestning av liknande apparater. Gällande framtida studier av Hövdingen kan det möjligtvis finnas sårbarheter kvar att upptäcka, till exempel inom hårdvaruhackning eller manipulering av fast programvara.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2022. , p. 53
Series
TRITA-EECS-EX ; 2022:680
Keywords [en]
Penetrationtesting, Internet of Things, Threatmodeling, BluetoothLowEnergy, Firmware analysis, Reverse engineering
Keywords [sv]
Penetrationstestning, Sakernasinternet, Hotmodellering, BluetoothLowEnergy, Analys of fast programvara, Baklängeskonstruktion
National Category
Computer Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-322241OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-322241DiVA, id: diva2:1716144
Subject / course
Computer Science
Educational program
Master of Science - Computer Science
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2022-12-06 Created: 2022-12-05 Last updated: 2022-12-06Bibliographically approved

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