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Magnetic hopfions in solids
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics, Condensed Matter Theory. Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.; JARA, D-52425 Julich, Germany..ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3577-7966
Forschungszentrum Julich, Peter Grunberg Inst, D-52425 Julich, Germany.;Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Adv Simulat, D-52425 Julich, Germany..
68b Amundsen St, Ekaterinburg 620146, Russia..
Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Dept Math, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.;Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, JARA FIT, D-52056 Aachen, Germany..
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2022 (English)In: APL Materials, E-ISSN 2166-532X, Vol. 10, no 11, article id 1814338Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Hopfions are an intriguing class of string-like solitons, named according to a classical topological concept classifying three-dimensional direction fields. The search for hopfions in real physical systems has been ongoing for nearly half a century, starting with the seminal work of Faddeev. However, so far, realizations in bulk solids are missing. Here, we show that hopfions appear as emergent particles of the classical Heisenberg model with competing exchange interactions. This requires going beyond the model approach used in prior work and deriving a general micromagnetic energy functional directly from a spin-lattice Hamiltonian. We present a definite parameter space in which the existence of hopfions is possible. This opens a concrete vista to combine computational approaches such as density functional theory with material informatics to find magnetic crystals that can host hopfions. As proof of principle, we show how zero-field hopfions can be visualized by the means of off-axis electron holography in a transmission electron microscope.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
AIP Publishing , 2022. Vol. 10, no 11, article id 1814338
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Physical Sciences
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URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-322189DOI: 10.1063/5.0099942ISI: 000884993000001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85144325813OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-322189DiVA, id: diva2:1716162
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QC 20221205

Available from: 2022-12-05 Created: 2022-12-05 Last updated: 2023-06-08Bibliographically approved

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Rybakov, Filipp N.

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