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mmWave Communications for Indoor Dense Spaces: Ray-Tracing Based Channel Characterization and Performance Comparison
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Computer Science, Communication Systems, CoS.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4640-7020
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Computer Science, Communication Systems, CoS, Radio Systems Laboratory (RS Lab).ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8517-7996
Airbus, Cent Res & Technol, Munich, Germany..
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Computer Science, Communication Systems, CoS.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5954-434x
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2022 (English)In: Ieee International Conference On Communications (Icc 2022), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2022, p. 516-521Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

In this paper, the indoor dense space (IDS) channel at 28 GHz is characterized through extensive Ray-Tracing (RT) simulations. We consider IDS as a specific type of indoor environment with confined geometry and packed with humans, such as aircraft cabins and train wagons. Based on RT simulations, we characterize path loss, shadow fading, root-mean-square delay spread, Rician K-factor, azimuth/elevation angular spread of arrival/departure considering different RT simulation scenarios of the fuselage geometry, material, and human presence. While the large-scale fading parameters are similar to the state-of-the-art channel models, the small-scale fading parameters demonstrate richer multipath scattering in IDS, resulting in poorer bit error rate performance in comparison to the 3GPP indoor channel model.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2022. p. 516-521
Series
IEEE International Conference on Communications, ISSN 1550-3607
Keywords [en]
mmWave communication, ray tracing, indoor channel modeling, indoor dense spaces, aircraft, intra-wagon, blockage, 5G, 6G
National Category
Telecommunications Signal Processing Communication Systems
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-322310DOI: 10.1109/ICC45855.2022.9839280ISI: 000864709900081Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85137272037OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-322310DiVA, id: diva2:1718179
Conference
IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), May 16-20, 2022, Seoul, SOUTH KOREA
Note

QC 20221212

Part of proceedings: ISBN 978-1-5386-8347-7

Available from: 2022-12-12 Created: 2022-12-12 Last updated: 2023-10-31Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Millimeter-Wave Communications for Indoor Dense Spaces: Channel Modeling and Network Deployment
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Millimeter-Wave Communications for Indoor Dense Spaces: Channel Modeling and Network Deployment
2023 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

In the ever-evolving landscape of wireless communication, the deployment of millimeter-wave (mmWave) technology has emerged as a game-changer for indoor environments. As the demand for high-speed, low-latency connectivity continues to surge, especially in densely populated areas, mmWave access point deployment has gained prominence due to its ability to deliver unprecedented data rates thanks to the available wide bandwidths. However, mmWave signals are more prone to blockage by objects and their coverage area is small. Therefore the deployment of mmWave technology is preferred for the cases where a high number of users require high data rates in an environment free of blockages. Indoor dense spaces (IDSs) refer to compact indoor environments with many objects and users within. The main examples of IDS are airplane cabins and high-speed train wagons. On the one hand, due to the dense user existence, IDSs can benefit from mmWave connectivity. On the other hand, the dense blockage in the environment due to the seats and humans would cause significant propagation losses.  

In this thesis, we investigate the potential of mmWave communications in IDSs. As a first step, we investigate the mmWave signal propagation in IDSs by using ray-tracing (RT) simulations. We provide large-scale fading and spatio-temporal fading characteristics considering the 28, 39, and 60 GHz bands. The results demonstrate that the dielectric characteristics of the environment provide considerable differences in signal propagation, while the geometry and the user denseness are not influential. Furthermore, the coverage area of the IDS is half of the coverage area of the indoor office, demonstrating the severe attenuation in IDS. After analyzing the signal propagation, we investigate the optimal AP deployment for IDSs by minimizing the number of deployed APs while guaranteeing the data rate requirements of the users in the environment. The proposed algorithm jointly allocates time and power resources and selects the optimal locations of the APs considering different levels of AP cooperation. This study shows that R-ZF with C-JT outperforms MRT and NC-JT, providing higher data rates to UEs and reducing the total number of deployed APs. By using 10 times higher bandwidth in the mmWave band compared to sub-6GHz, we can guarantee 9 times higher data rates for users. Later, we investigate the potential of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) in extending the coverage of a single mmWave access point. The results of this study show that the coverage area of a single AP can be extended four times by optimally placing the RISs.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2023. p. 45
Series
TRITA-EECS-AVL ; 2023:78
Keywords
Millimeter wave communication, ray-tracing, channel modeling, access point deployment, convex-concave programming, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces., Millimetervågsteknik, ray-tracing, kanalmodellering, accesspunktsutbyggnad, konvex-konkav programmering, omkonfigurerbara intelligenta yto
National Category
Communication Systems
Research subject
Information and Communication Technology; Telecommunication
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-338853 (URN)978-91-8040-747-2 (ISBN)
Presentation
2023-11-20, Amiga https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/65158186027, Electrum, Kistagången 16, 164 40, Kista, Stockholm, 08:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 20231031

Available from: 2023-10-31 Created: 2023-10-30 Last updated: 2023-11-13Bibliographically approved

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Topal, Ozan AlpOzger, MustafaBjörnson, EmilCavdar, Cicek

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