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Efficiency Comparison between a Two-level and an NPC Inverter for Automotive Application
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS).
2022 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

De flesta nuvarande elfordon drivs med en systemspänning på 400V. En ökning av denna spänning skulle dock bland annat kunna möjliggöra en kortare laddningstid för fordonets batteri. Den högre systemspänningen medför ett antal utmaningar, varav en är att öka spänningsblockeringsförmågan hos spänningsomvandlarens transistorer. Det finns olika sätt att lösa detta problem. Om den vanligast förekommande tvånivåstopologin ska användas måste spänningskapaciteten för dess transistorer ökas. Alternativt kan man använda en topologi med tre nivåer med neutralpunktsanslutning, som inte kräver transistorer med så hög spänningsblockeringsförmåga. Syftet med denna rapport är att jämföra verkningsgraden hos dessa två topologier. Därför estimeras med hjälp av simulering spänningsomvandlarnas förluster och utgångseffekt i stationärt tillstånd över hela driftområdet för en elektrisk maskin som är lämplig för fordonsapplikationer. Olika sätt att estimera förlusterna utvärderades och transistorerna i de två topologierna valdes på ett sätt så att en rättvis jämförelse mellan topologierna kunde säkerställas. Ett antal nyckelparametrar som kan påverka effektiviteten hos spänningsomriktarna utvärderades i simuleringar. De erhållna resultaten tyder på att verkningsgraden hos både två nivå- och tre nivå-topologin med neutralpunktsanslutning är jämförbara för större delen av driftområdet.

Abstract [en]

Most current electric vehicles operate on a system voltage of 400V. However, increasing this voltage would come with, among other benefits, a reduced charging time for the vehicle’s battery. The higher system voltage does pose a number of challenges, with the increase in voltage blocking capability of the power switches of the voltage source inverter being one of them. There are different ways of solving this problem. If the currently preferred two-level topology is to be used, the voltage rating of its switches needs to be increased. Alternatively a three-level neutral point clamped topology could be used which does not require switches with such a high blocking voltage rating. The purpose of this thesis is to compare the efficiency of these two solutions. Therefore the steady state losses and output power of the voltage source inverters throughout the operating range of an electric machine suitable for automotive application were estimated through simulation. Different ways of estimating the losses were evaluated and the power switches of the two topologies were chosen in such a way that a fair comparison between the topologies could be ensured. A number of key parameters that could impact the efficiency of the voltage source inverters were evaluated in simulations. The obtained results suggest that for the majority of the operating range the efficiency of the two-level and the three-level neutral point clamped topology are closely matched.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2022. , p. 69
Series
TRITA-EECS-EX ; 2022:790
Keywords [en]
NPC, 800 V, Efficiency, Automotive, Comparison, SiC
Keywords [sv]
NPC, 800 V, Effektivitet, Bil, Jämförelse, SiC
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-323192OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-323192DiVA, id: diva2:1729231
External cooperation
Volvo Cars Corporation
Presentation
2022-06-14, via Zoom: https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/66426033693, Sten Velander, floor 4, Teknikringen 33, KTH, Stockholm, 11:00 (English)
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2023-01-24 Created: 2023-01-20 Last updated: 2023-01-24Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
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