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Localisation of Traumatic Brain Injury
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems.
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems.
2023 (English)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Lokalisering av traumatisk hjärnskada (Swedish)
Abstract [en]

TBI stands for Traumatic Brain Injury and refers to damage to the brain resulting from an external physical force, such as a blow, jolt, or penetrating injury to the head. Common causes of TBI include falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports injuries, and violence and has been linked to thousands of deaths and injuries in the US and the EU alike.

This thesis was aimed to localise certain TBI to a specific part of the brain by exerting similar loading conditions on an Finite Element Method (FEM) of the rat brain as physical experiments conducted on living rats. By comparing the strain in 7 vital parts of the brain to injury diagnosis conducted in the physical experiments, an effort was made to link localised strain to injury diagnosis.

The results indicate that strain in the thalamus and hypothalamus are linked with a loss of consciousness while strain in the hypothalamus coupled with the neocortex correlates greatly with activity-based behaviour changes. Lastly, injury associated with emotional changes are believed to stem from large strains in the neocortex. There is a theory suggesting that the structure of myeline, which provides support in motion and movement patterns of biological systems in humans and animals (known as biomechanical kinematics), could have an impact. However, more studies are needed to confirm and determine the exact cause.

Abstract [sv]

TBI, från engelskans Traumatic Brain Injury, står för Traumatisk Hjärn Skada och syftar på en skada i hjärnan till följd av enyttre fysisk kraft, såsom ett slag, stöt eller genomträngande skada i huvudet. Vanliga orsaker till TBI inkluderar fall, motorfordonsolyckor, sportskador och våld och har kopplats till tusentals dödsfall och skadade i både USA och EU.

Denna rapport syftar till att försöka lokalisera viss TBI till en specifik del av hjärnan genom att utöva liknandebelastningsförhållanden på en finit elementmetod (FEM) modell av råtthjärnan som fysiska experimentutförs på levande råttor. Genom att jämföra belastningen i 7 vitala delar av hjärnan med skadediagnos som utfördes i de fysiska experimenten gjordes en ansträngning för att koppla lokaliserad belastning till skadediagnos.

Resultaten indikerar att skada i thalamus och hypotalamus är kopplade till en förlust av medvetande medan belastning i hypotalamus i kombination med neocortex korrelerar kraftigtmed aktivitetsbaserade beteendeförändringar. Slutligen är skador i samband med känslomässiga förändringartros härröra från skada i neocortex. Det finns teori som tyder på attstruktur av myelin, som ger stöd i rörelse och rörelsemönster av biologiskasystem hos människor och djur (känd som biomekanisk kinematik), kan ha en inverkan.Det behövs dock fler studier för att bekräfta och fastställa den exakta orsaken.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2023. , p. 60
Series
TRITA-CBH-GRU ; 2023:115
Keywords [en]
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Rat brain, Finite Element Method (FEM), strain, localisation, thalamus, hypothalamus, neocortex
Keywords [sv]
Traumatisk hjärnskada (TBI), Råtthjärna, Finita Element Metod (FEM), belastning, lokalisering, thalamus, hypotalamus, neocortex
National Category
Medical Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-330991OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-330991DiVA, id: diva2:1779762
Subject / course
Medical Engineering
Educational program
Master of Science in Engineering - Medical Engineering
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2023-07-05 Created: 2023-07-04 Last updated: 2023-07-05Bibliographically approved

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