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Emergent Gameplay and the Affordance of Features in Open-World Video Game Environments
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS).
2023 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Framväxande spelstil och hur miljön påverkar i öppna spelvärldar (Swedish)
Abstract [en]

There has been a noticeable increase in people’s interest in open-world games, especially those that incorporate emergent gameplay. Emergent gameplay refers to activities performed by players to create properties that cannot be created without the interaction of multiple game components. While it is evident that emergent gameplay can arise from the interaction between multiple game components, the role of the environment in influencing its occurrence remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to identify the role of the environment by utilizing the concept of affordance, which explains the relationship between how an actor interacts with an environment. To gather insights, a small open-world game prototype was developed to collect gameplay data from players, who were interviewed upon testing the prototype. A thematic analysis was conducted to gain insights from the interview data, which was complemented by visualizing the players’ gameplay data. The analysis results indicate that the occurrence of emergent gameplay can be enhanced by concealing the affordance and signifiers of the environment. Additionally, the environment acts as an extension of the players’ interaction space when the players can only interact with the environment through other game mechanics.

Abstract [sv]

Det har varit ett märkbart ökat intresse för spel med öppna världar, särskilt de som inkluderar emergent gameplay. Emergent gameplay avser aktiviteter som spelare utför för att skapa egenskaper som inte kan skapas utan interaktion mellan flera olika spelkomponenter. Även om det är tydligt att emergent gameplay kan uppstå genom interaktionen mellan flera spelkomponenter, så är rollen som miljön spelar för att påverka dess förekomst fortfarande oklar. Därför syftar denna studie till att identifiera miljöns roll genom att utnyttja begreppet "affordance", vilket förklarar förhållandet mellan hur en aktör interagerar med en miljö. För att samla insikter utvecklades en liten prototyp av ett spel med en öppen värld för att samla in gameplay-data från spelare som intervjuades efter att ha testat prototypen. En tematisk analys genomfördes för att få insikter från intervjumaterialet, som kompletterades med en visualisering av spelarnas gameplay-data. Analysresultaten indikerar att förekomsten av emergent gameplay kan förbättras genom att dölja affordance och tecken i miljön. Dessutom fungerar miljön som en förlängning av spelarnas interaktionsutrymme när spelarna endast kan interagera med miljön genom annan spelmekanik.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology , 2023. , p. 31
Series
TRITA-EECS-EX ; 2023:508
Keywords [en]
emergence, games, open-world level design, affordance
Keywords [sv]
uppkomst, spel, öppen världsnivådesign, affordans
National Category
Computer Sciences Computer and Information Sciences Computer and Information Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-332138OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-332138DiVA, id: diva2:1783245
External cooperation
Ubisoft Stockholm
Presentation
2023-06-16, The Visualization Studio VIC, Lindstedtsvägen 5, Stockholm, 14:00 (English)
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2023-08-07 Created: 2023-07-19 Last updated: 2025-02-18Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
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