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Antibody prodrugs based on anti-idiotypic affibodies
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science.
2023 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Prodrug-antikroppar baserade på anti-idiotypiska affibodies (Swedish)
Abstract [sv]

Möjligheten att använda kombinatorisk proteinteknik för att designa affinitetsproteiner med önskade egenskaper har blivit en alltmer framgångsrik metod för att upptäcka och utveckla nya biotekniska produkter. Affinitetsproteiner har fått en särskild betydande roll inom cancerterapi på grund av dess högre affinitet och specificitet jämfört med småmolekylära läkemedel. Monoklonala antikroppar (mAb) är ett exempel på att av de typer av affinitetsproteiner som haft större framgång. Det har dock påvisats att flera mAbs-behandlingar leder till starka biverkningar. Detta på grund av att proteinläkemedlet binder ett målprotein som uttrycks av både cancerceller och friska celler. Det krävs därför vidare utveckling för att utöka vävnadsspecificiteten kring mAbs-behandlingar. 

Denna masteravhandling undersöker potentialen av affibody-proteiner som en maskerande domän i en prodrug-design för selektiv aktivering i cancervävnader. Selektiviteten introduceras genom en cancerassocierad substratsekvens som kopplar samman antikroppen och affibody-molekylen. Affibody-proteinerna har selekterats för specifik bindning mot två olika antikroppar. Hypotesen är att affibody-molekylen ska binda till antikroppen och begränsa dess interaktion med målproteinet. Närvaron av ett specifikt cancer-associerat proteas (främst uttrycket i cancervävnader) ska klyva den specifika substratsekvensen och främja dissociation av affibody-molekylen från antikroppen och tillåta bindning till målproteinet. Resultaten från in vitro-studier indikerar att bindning av framtagna affibodymolekyler minskar antikroppens interaktion med målproteinet i SPR-analyser, samt bakterie- och mammalie-cells analyser

Abstract [en]

The ability to use combinatorial protein engineering to design affinity proteins with desired properties has become a powerful technology for the discovery and development of new biotechnological products. Affinity proteins have especially gained a significant role in the field of targeted therapeutics for cancer due to their ability to be engineered for higher affinity and specificity. One of these technologies is monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatments. However, reports have shown on-target side effects caused by treatments such as mAb therapies, due to the targets being associated with both healthy and cancer tissue. For this reason, investigation and development of drug treatments with both target and tissue specificity are needed.

For this thesis affibody proteins have been investigated as possible masking moiety for a novel affibody-antibody prodrug designed to be selectively activated in the tumor microenvironment by introducing a cancer associated substrate cleavable linker connecting the affibody and antibody. The affibodies have been selected to bind specifically to two different antibodies. The working hypothesis was that the affibody would bind and block the binding site of the antibody. Therefore, the prodrug would be inactive in healthy tissue, limiting the interaction between antibody and target until located in tumor tissue. The presence of a specific cancer associated protease would cleave the linker, promote dissociation of the affibody and allow binding to the target. The results from in vitro studies show that binding of the affibody to the antibody reduces antibody-target interactions in SPR, as well as bacterial and mammalian cell assays. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2023.
Series
TRITA-CBH-GRU ; 2023:234
Keywords [en]
Affibody, Directed evolution, E. coli display, In vivo imaging, Prodrug, Biologics
Keywords [sv]
Affibody, Riktad evolution, E. coli display, Prodrug, Biologiska läkemedel
National Category
Medical Biotechnology (with a focus on Cell Biology (including Stem Cell Biology), Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Biochemistry or Biopharmacy)
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-333280OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-333280DiVA, id: diva2:1784801
Subject / course
Biotechnology
Educational program
Master of Science - Medical Biotechnology
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2023-12-31 Created: 2023-07-31

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