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Reliability Assessment of Passive ICS in an SMR as part of the PSA Analysis
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Physics.
2023 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Tillförlitligsanalys av passiv ICS i en SMR som en led i PSA analysen (Swedish)
Abstract [en]

Passive safety systems are increasingly being utilized in prospective nuclear power plant designs. Indeed, the use of safety systems driven by natural phenomena might be seen as an unmitigated virtue. However, the low magnitude of the forces involved in such systems, combined with the uncertainty inherent in the factors which affect them, pose a problem in the assessment of their reliability when compared to their active counterparts. Hence, the purpose of this thesis is to investigate and apply a state-of-the-art technique in passive reliability assessment, known as the Reliability Methods of Passive Systems (RMPS) methodology, to the isolation condenser system (ICS) of the prospective BWRX-300 small modular reactor (SMR) design. The ICS is a safety system driven by natural circulation which provides emergency core cooling, residual heat removal, and pressure control for the BWRX-300. Using RMPS to analyze the effect that uncertainties in thermal characteristics of the fuel have on ICS operation, the reliability of natural circulation was quantified with a confidence of 99%. This yielded an immeasurably small failure probability. Considering residual uncertainty, an engineering judgment assigned a failure probability of 1.00E-07. This finding was integrated into a Level 1 probabilistic safety assessment, involving analysis of initiating events, event tree analysis, and failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) of safety systems, including natural circulation. Analysis of sequences leading to core damage resulted in a core damage frequency of 1.23E-07 yr-1. 

Abstract [sv]

Passiva säkerhetssystem används i allt större utsträckning i innovativa kärnkraftverkskonstruktioner. Faktum är att användningen av säkerhetssystem som drivs av naturfenomen kan ses som en oförminskad dygd. Den låga storleken på de krafter som är involverade i sådana system, i kombination med den osäkerhet som är inneboende i de faktorer som påverkar dem, utgör ett problem vid bedömningen av deras tillförlitlighet jämfört med deras aktiva motsvarigheter. Därför är syftet med denna avhandling att undersöka och tillämpa en toppmodern teknik inom passiv tillförlitlighetsbedömning, känd som Reliability Methods of Passive Systems (RMPS) metodologi, på isolationskondensorsystemet (ICS) hos den potentiella BWRX-300 liten modulär reaktor (SMR) design. ICS är ett säkerhetssystem som drivs av naturlig cirkulation som ger nödkylning av kärnan, avlägsnande av restvärme och tryckkontroll för BWRX-300. Med hjälp av RMPS kvantifierades den naturliga cirkulationens tillförlitlighet med en konfidens på 99 %, vilket gav en omätligt liten sannolikhet för misslyckande. Med hänsyn till kvarvarande osäkerhet tilldelade en teknisk dom en felsannolikhet på 1.00E-07. Detta fynd integrerades i en nivå 1 probabilistisk säkerhetsbedömning, som involverade analys av initierande händelser, händelseträdsanalys och felläges- och effektanalys (FMEA) av säkerhetssystem, inklusive naturlig cirkulation. Analys av sekvenser som leder till härdskada resulterade i en härdskadafrekvens på 1,23E-07 år-1.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2023.
Series
TRITA-SCI-GRU ; 2023:208
Keywords [en]
Passive system reliability, Probabilistic safety assessment, Reliability Methods of Passive Systems, Natural circulation, TRACE, RiskSpectrum
Keywords [sv]
Passiv systemtillförlitlighet, Probabilistisk säkerhetsbedömning, Reliability Methods of Passive Systems, Naturlig cirkulation, TRACE, RiskSpectrum
National Category
Physical Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-333854OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-333854DiVA, id: diva2:1787404
External cooperation
Vysus Group
Subject / course
Physics
Educational program
Master of Science - Engineeering Physics
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2023-08-14 Created: 2023-08-14 Last updated: 2023-08-14Bibliographically approved

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