kth.sePublications
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Exploring the links between knowledge spillovers, trade, productivity, and innovation
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Industrial Economics and Management (Dept.).ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1922-4755
2023 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis consists of four papers which consider internal and external determinants of innovation, productivity, or export at the firm level sing matched panel data from various national and international databases.

In the first paper, we examine a universal set of Swedish employer-employee panel data for the period 2000-2014. There is evidence for spillover from exporters to almost 1,300 non-exporting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through outside board directors. The identification strategy to account for endogenous selection of external board members relies on external instruments and applications of different instrumental variable approaches, which capture also unobserved heterogeneity. Our findings are robust to controlling for export background among managers and employees, as well as firm size, human capital, total factor productivity, productivity spillovers, firm location, and industry classification.

The second paper investigates whether board directors interlocked with or employed by innovative firms affect start-up firms’ propensity to be innovators themselves. Drawing upon a sample of more than 50,000 Swedish start-up firms, we find that board connections to incumbent innovators have a causal impact on the new firms’ probability to apply for patents. The results are robust when controlling for industry, geography, and firm age as well as spillovers through worker and managerial mobility, external knowledge sourcing through patent disclosure, access to venture capital, and board attributes.

The third paper examines the impact of offshoring on patenting and total factor productivity using a panel of 7,000 mainly small Swedish manufacturing firms over the period 2001-2014. We apply the United Nations Broad Economic Categories (BEC) system to identify offshoring-related intermediate imports. The results show that the link between offshoring and innovation as well as productivity is largely explained by self-selection and reverse causality. We find a positive but statistically weak impact of offshoring on innovation, and no effect on productivity.

The fourth paper examines solar innovation drivers in a panel of firms seeking energy patents across 12 European countries. Using 26-year micro and macro observations plus a 10-year pre-sample, it finds a strong link between electricity prices and solar photovoltaic patents. For a sample of 108 unique firms from the 12 European countries, Poisson estimates are insignificant for public policies like feed-in tariffs, investments, subsidies, and support. Positive spillover from solar and wind patent stocks and negative impact from fossil energy patents are found. Studying 226 firms located outside of the 12 European countries, the results suggest that European feed-in tariffs and public solar investments increase the propensity for patent protection within the 12 European countries.

Abstract [sv]

Den här avhandlingen består av fyra artiklar som undersöker interna och externa faktorer för innovation, produktivitet eller export på företagsnivå med hjälp av paneldata från olika nationella och internationella databaser.

 

I den första artikeln undersöks en uppsättning av svenska företag med en panel för perioden 2000-2014. Det finns stöd för överföringseffekter från exportföretag till nästan 1 300 små och medelstora företag som inte exporterar, genom externa styrelseledamöter. Strategin för identifiering för att hantera det endogena valet av externa styrelsemedlemmar bygger på externa instrument och tillämpningar av olika instrumentvariabel-metoder, som också fångar upp icke observerbar heterogenitet. Våra resultat är robusta när vi tar hänsyn till exportbakgrund bland chefer och anställda, liksom företagsstorlek, humankapital, total faktorproduktivitet, produktivitets-spillover, geografi och branschklassificering.

 

Den andra artikeln undersöker om styrelseledamöter som är knutna till eller anställda av innovativa företag påverkar nystartade företags benägenhet att själva vara innovatörer. Med hjälp av ett urval på över 50 000 svenska nystartade företag finner vi att styrelsekopplingar till etablerade innovatörer har en kausal effekt på de nya företagens sannolikhet att ansöka om patent. Resultaten är robusta när vi tar hänsyn till bransch, geografi och företagsålder samt spillover-effekter genom arbetskrafts- och ledningsrörlighet, extern kunskapsinhämtning genom patentpublicering, tillgång till riskkapital och styrelseattribut.

 

Den tredje artikeln undersöker effekten av offshoring på patentansökningar och produktivitet med hjälp av en panel med 7 000, huvudsakligen små svenska tillverkningsföretag under perioden 2001-2014. Vi tillämpar Förenta nationernas breda ekonomiska kategorisystem (BEC) för att identifiera offshoring-relaterade mellanimporter. Resultaten visar att kopplingen mellan offshoring och innovation samt produktivitet i stor utsträckning förklaras av självselektion och omvänd kausalitet. Vi finner en positiv men statistiskt svag påverkan av offshoring på innovation och ingen effekt på produktiviteten.

 

Den fjärde artikeln undersöker drivkrafterna för solinnovation i en panel av företag som söker energipatent i 12 europeiska länder. Med hjälp av 26-års mikro- och makroobservationer samt en 10-årig presample finner vi en stark koppling mellan elpriser och solfotovoltaiska patent. För en urvalsgrupp på 108 unika företag från de 12 europeiska länderna är Poisson-estimat obetydliga för offentliga politikområden som inkopplingspriser, investeringar, subventioner och stöd. Positiva spillover-effekter från sol- och vindpatentbestånd och negativ påverkan från patent för fossila energikällor påvisas. Genom att studera 226 företag belägna utanför de 12 europeiska länderna antyder resultaten att europeiska inkopplingspriser för förnybar energi och offentliga solinvesteringar ökar benägenheten för patentskydd inom de 12 europeiska länderna.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2023. , p. 161
Series
TRITA-ITM-AVL ; 2023:22
National Category
Economics
Research subject
Economics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-334681ISBN: 978-91-8040-670-3 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-334681DiVA, id: diva2:1790957
Public defence
2023-09-20, F3 / https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/68717179502, Lindstedtsvägen 26 & 28, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2023-08-28 Created: 2023-08-24 Last updated: 2023-09-15Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Board of directors and export spillovers: What is the impact on extensive margins of trade?
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Board of directors and export spillovers: What is the impact on extensive margins of trade?
2020 (English)In: The World Economy, ISSN 0378-5920, E-ISSN 1467-9701, Vol. 43, no 5, p. 1188-1215Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Increased export experience on the board of nonexporting firms has a causal effect on their propensity to enter foreign markets in later periods. Using a universal set of Swedish employer–employee panel data for the period 2000–14, this paper finds evidence on spillover from exporters to non-exporting SMEs through outside board directors. The identification strategy to account for endogenous selection of external board members relies on external instruments and applications of different instrumental variable approaches, capturing also unobserved heterogeneity. Our findings are robust to controlling for export background among managers and employees, as well as firm size, human capital, total factor productivity, productivity spillovers, firm location and industry classification.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Wiley, 2020
Keywords
board of directors, employer–employee data, endogeneity, export spillovers, extensive margins of trade, export, industrial performance, panel data, small and medium-sized enterprise, spillover effect, total factor productivity, trade flow, trade performance, Sweden
National Category
Economics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-277170 (URN)10.1111/twec.12933 (DOI)000513269100001 ()2-s2.0-85079436180 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20200714

Available from: 2020-07-14 Created: 2020-07-14 Last updated: 2023-08-24Bibliographically approved
2. Innovation by start-up firms: The role of the board of directors for knowledge spillovers
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Innovation by start-up firms: The role of the board of directors for knowledge spillovers
2022 (English)In: Research Policy, ISSN 0048-7333, E-ISSN 1873-7625, Vol. 51, no 1, article id 104375Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This paper investigates whether board directors interlocked with or employed by innovative firms affect startup firms' propensity to be innovators themselves. Drawing upon a sample of more than 50,000 Swedish start-up firms, we find that board connections to incumbent innovators have a causal impact on the new firms' probability to apply for patents. The results are robust when controlling for industry, geography, firm age, as well as spillovers through worker and managerial mobility, external knowledge sourcing through patent disclosure, access to venture capital and board attributes.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV, 2022
Keywords
Start-ups, Board of directors, Knowledge spillovers, Innovation, Instrumental variables estimation
National Category
Economics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-303745 (URN)10.1016/j.respol.2021.104375 (DOI)000702924900002 ()2-s2.0-85115245456 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20211103

Available from: 2021-11-03 Created: 2021-11-03 Last updated: 2023-08-24Bibliographically approved
3. The impact of offshoring on technical change: Evidence from Swedish manufacturing firms
Open this publication in new window or tab >>The impact of offshoring on technical change: Evidence from Swedish manufacturing firms
2022 (English)In: Review of International Economics, ISSN 0965-7576, E-ISSN 1467-9396, Vol. 30, no 3, p. 796-818Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This paper examines the link between offshoring and technical change measured by patent and total factor productivity in order to sort out the causality. It applies instrumental variable and matching approaches on a panel of more than 7000 Swedish manufacturing firms over the period 2001–2014, and identify offshoring-related intermediate imports by the United Nations Broad Economic Categories system. Accounting for self-selection and reverse causality, no impact of offshoring on TFP is found and only weak effect on patenting.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Wiley, 2022
Keywords
offshoring, patent, reversed causality, self-selection, total factor productivity
National Category
Human Geography
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-312940 (URN)10.1111/roie.12586 (DOI)000711021900001 ()2-s2.0-85118104388 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20220530

Available from: 2022-05-30 Created: 2022-05-30 Last updated: 2023-12-05Bibliographically approved
4. Directed technical change revisited: Innovations in solar power
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Directed technical change revisited: Innovations in solar power
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

We consider a balanced panel of 108 European firms applying for energypatents in 12 European countries. Using micro- and macro-observations overa 26-year period plus a presample period of 10 years, the results show a strongconnection between the price of electricity and patents in solar photovoltaictechnology. The Poisson estimates are not statistically significant for publicpolicies in the form of feed-in tariffs, public direct investments, R&D subsidiesand financial support. A positive spillover effect is found from firms’patent stocks in solar and wind technologies, and a negative effect from accumulatedpatents in fossil energy technology. Analyzing the impact of Europeanenergy policies on a balanced panel of 226 mainly non-European firmswith solar patents protected in the 12 European countries suggest that bothfeed-in tariffs and public direct investment in solar panel are associated withan increased propensity to seek patent protection within the Europe-12 area.

Keywords
Directed technical change, panel data, firm-level patents, solar innovations.
National Category
Economics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-334583 (URN)
Note

QC 20230824

Available from: 2023-08-23 Created: 2023-08-23 Last updated: 2023-08-24Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

Summary(434 kB)252 downloads
File information
File name SUMMARY01.pdfFile size 434 kBChecksum SHA-512
037d6bd2fdced46093e64e0fc45c503e61144ad48b14e98af25f0a8291813d6a4ac23dd6510286513e602ef477330911cfb72d3658028ebff193705b87416205
Type summaryMimetype application/pdf

Other links

http://Du som saknar dator/ datorvana kan kontakta service@itm.kth.se (English)

Authority records

Viklund Ros, Ingrid

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Viklund Ros, Ingrid
By organisation
Industrial Economics and Management (Dept.)
Economics

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar
The number of downloads is the sum of all downloads of full texts. It may include eg previous versions that are now no longer available

isbn
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

isbn
urn-nbn
Total: 2053 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf