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X.509 Certificate-Based Authentication for NETCONF and RESTCONF: Design Evaluation between Native and External Implementation
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS).
2023 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
X.509 Certifikatbaserad autentisering för NETCONF och RESTCONF : Designutvärdering mellan inhemsk och extern implementering (Swedish)
Abstract [en]

The Network Service Ochestrator (NSO) is a network automation system provided by Cisco that is used to automate large network changes with the ability to roll back in case of errors. It provides a rich northbound interface to communicate with the user and a southbound interface to orchestrate network devices securely. On these northbound and southbound interfaces, NSO supports NETCONF and RESTCONF, which is an IETF standard for network automation. NSO native implementation of NETCONF and RESTCONF lacks support for Public-Key Infrastructure (X.509) (PKIX) infrastructure and SSH and SSL/TLS as transport. Instead, Cisco suggests that customers use external relay agents such as PKIX-SSH for SSH and GNUTLS for TLS for NETCONF. The certificates and keys are saved on the hard drive and loaded for every connection via RESTCONF. This workaround solution provides authentication and authorization without audit logging within NSO. In this work, a native implementation of the X509 certification with PKIX infrastructure on SSH and SSL/TLS for NETCONF and RESTCONF is investigated. The project evaluates design alternatives with respect to security, computational complexity, maintainability, and user-friendliness, and concludes by highlighting the pros and cons of both native and workaround implementation. 

Abstract [sv]

Ciscos NSO är en nätverksorkestreringsplatform som används för att automatisera stora ändringar i nätverk med egenheten att ändringarna kan backas tillbaka om inte samtliga kan kan utföras. NSO tillhandahåller användare gränssnitt (northbound) för att säkert kommunicera (southbound) med nätverksenheterna. Gränssnitten stödjer de standardiserade protokollen Netconf och Restconf. Båda dessa protokoll saknar inbyggts stöd för PKIX över SSH, SSL och TSL. När detta önskas rekommenderar Cisco sina kunder att externa klienter som PKIX-SSH eller GNUTLS. När detta görs sparas certifikat och nyklar lokalt för varje Restconf koppel och ingen läggning av flödet kommer att ske i NSO. I detta arbete presenteras ett inbyggt stöd för X509 certifiering med PKIX för SSH, SSL, och TLS. Stödet kan användas för Netconf och Restconf. Olikheter mellan dagens tillgängliga stöd och det inbyggda stödet med avseende på säkerhet, komplexitet, underhållbarhet, och användarvänlighet jämförs. Avslutningsvis belyses för- respektive nackdelar med de olika implementateringarna.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2023. , p. 78
Series
TRITA-EECS-EX ; 2023:613
Keywords [en]
NETCONF, RESTCONF, x509 over SSH, Erlang, Network Automation, PKIX, Public Key Infrastructure (X.509)
Keywords [sv]
NETCONF, RESTCONF, x509 over SSH, Erlang, Nätverksautomatiserng, PKIX, Public Key Infrastructure (X.509)
National Category
Computer and Information Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-334817OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-334817DiVA, id: diva2:1791392
External cooperation
Cisco System Sweden AB
Subject / course
Communications Systems
Educational program
Master of Science -Communication Systems
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2023-08-28 Created: 2023-08-25 Last updated: 2023-08-28Bibliographically approved

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