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Designerly Living Labs: Real-life experimentation in early research stages
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Engineering Design, Integrated Product Development and Design.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5187-5742
2022 (English)In: Proceedings of CINet 2022: Pursuing Innovation for a Smart & Sustainable Future, Pisa, Italy, 2022Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Systemic and transformative change is needed to address the sustainability issues of our time, and there is a growing consensus that this requires real-life experimentation involving the people and stakeholders affected by the change. Research infrastructures are increasingly set up to provide places for such experimentation and innovation, known as eg. living labs, transformation labs, urban or real-world laboratories. Several authors have however noted that real-life experimentation mostly takes place in late stages of testing and implementation, and with evaluative purposes. In contrast, this paper introduces a methodology for design-driven or ‘designerly’ living labs specifically used to frame complex sustainability issues in early research stages. By presenting four such designerly living labs, carried out in Stockholm, Sweden, from 2014 to 2022 on an operative level, this methodology is compared to more common approaches. The analysis shows that the methodology has repeatedly produced unexpected research outcomes that challenges the current framing of an issue, and how the learning experiences have enabled both people, private and public actors to innovate in their lives and operations.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Pisa, Italy, 2022.
Keywords [en]
systemic innovation, real-life experimentation, challenge-driven innovation, living labs, practice-oriented design
National Category
Design
Research subject
Art, Technology and Design
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-334932OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-334932DiVA, id: diva2:1792603
Conference
23rd International CINet Conference, 11-13 September, 2022, Pisa, Italy
Note

QC 20230830

Available from: 2023-08-29 Created: 2023-08-29 Last updated: 2025-02-24Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Living the Change: Designerly modes of real-life experimentation
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Living the Change: Designerly modes of real-life experimentation
2023 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The sustainability transitions required to address the climate crisis cannot be achieved by technology alone; radical lifestyle changes are needed. To contribute to meeting this critical challenge, design must move its focus from individual needs, desires, and behaviors to the level of the complex socio-technical systems that shape our society. There have been several calls for research that is action-, future- and learning-oriented, to accelerate sustainability transitions. In a broad sense, my research concerns how design practice can be used and further developed to this end. There is growing consensus that real-life experimentation is required to understand and realize the potentials of sustainability innovations, and an emerging experimental turn can be seen in the proliferation of approaches such as living labs, city labs and transition labs, as well as in policy experiments, pilots, demonstrations, and field trials. There is a broad movement in society to involve users or citizens in learning and experimentation in the complexity of real-life contexts, but as will be discussed in this dissertation, most approaches do not realize these ambitions in practice. This dissertation presents an approach for design-driven, or designerly living labs for the real-life exploration and demonstration of possible sustainable concepts and futures. Living labs are often described as having their roots in design, and this dissertation represents a move to reclaim that term for more open-ended modes of experimentation. By living the change, these designerly labs have provided rich insights into the entangled social-technical nature of sustainable futures, and identified barriers and pathways towards them. The dissertation is based on detailed and operative accounts of seven such designerly living labs carried out by design researchers at KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden from 2014 to 2023. A cross-case analysis is presented in order to identify and validate the key characteristics of this emerging approach, and how they connect to design practice. In the analysis I also investigate how these labs relate to other research approaches in fields such as transition studies, user innovation, participatory design, and action research. I position designerly living labs as an alternative and complement to more mainstream approaches to real-life experimentation—specifically for the early-stage framing of sustainability issues and in exploring sustainable future concepts and lifestyles. Main findings include a number of factors that were found to demarcate different modes and understandings of real-life experimentation research. These factors include the involvement of users as co-researchers in exploration rather than as testers or co-creators in innovation, and how this more open-ended aim for learning may conflict with notions of developing, evaluating and scaling up. There is also a discussion on how different understandings of these factors can lead to confusion and conflict in transdisciplinary research and recommendations for organizing new research projects of this sort.

Abstract [sv]

Den hållbarhetsomställning som behövs för att hantera klimatkrisen kan inte begränsas till vad som kan lösas med ny teknologi, utan kräver att vi radikalt förändrar även våra livsstilar. För att vara en del av att möta den här utmaningen så behöver designfältet flytta sitt fokus från individuella behov, önskningar och beteenden, mot de komplexa socio-tekniska system som formar vårt samhälle. För att driva hållbarhetsomställningen snabbare framåt efterfrågas nu mer aktions- och framtids-orienterad forskning med mer fokus på lärande. I ett större perspektiv så handlar min forskning om hur designpraktik kan utvecklas och användas i detta syfte. Det finns en växande samstämmighet om behovet av metoder som bygger på mer öppet experimenterande ute i människors verklighet för att innovationer på hållbarhetsområdet ska kunna nå sin fulla potential. Detta är synligt i framväxten av angreppssätt såsom living labs, city-labs och transition labs, policyexperiment, piloter, demonstrationsprojekt och fältförsök. Det finns också en bred rörelse i samhället mot att involvera användare och medborgare i dessa experiment och lärandeprocesser, men som kommer att beskrivas i denna avhandling så är det få av de nämnda angreppssätten som verkligen uppfyller detta. I denna avhandling presenteras en approach för designdrivna living labs i syfte att utforska och demonstrera möjliga och hållbara framtidskoncept i vanliga människors vardagsliv. Metoderna i living labs beskrivs ofta som framvuxna ur deltagande designarbete, och denna avhandling kan ses som ett steg i att återta begreppet living labs för mer öppet experimenterande forskning. Genom att låta människor leva med och i den förändring som eftersöks, så har dessa ”levande” labb givit rika insikter om sociotekniskt komplexa hållbara framtider, och visat på både hinder och möjliga vägar framåt. Avhandlingen baseras på detaljerade och konkreta framställningar av sju designdrivna living labs, som genomförts av designforskare vid Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan i Stockholm från 2014–2023. Angreppssättets särskiljande egenskaper har identifierats och validerats genom en tvärfallsanalys. Dessa egenskaper har sedan positionerats i relation till designpraktik och metodologier inom andra forskningsfält, såsom omställningsstudier, användardriven innovation, deltagande design och aktionsforskning. Designdrivna living labs befinns vara ett alternativ till mer vanligt förekommande experimenterande angreppssätt, särskilt för att angripa hållbarhetsrelaterade forskningsfrågor i tidiga forskningsskeden. Hållbara framtidskoncept och livsstilar utforskas genom designinterventioner, mitt i människors vardagsliv. Viktiga forskningsbidrag är de faktorer och strategiska ställningstaganden som skiljer olika ansatser för experimenterande forskning ute i samhället. Dessa inkluderar en beskrivning av hur användare kan engageras som reflektiva medforskare i stället för som testare eller medskapare i innovationsarbete. I avhandlingen diskuteras också hur denna typ av mer öppet utforskande skiljer sig från vanligare förekommande arbetsformer för att utveckla, utvärdera och skala upp teknikinnovationer i samhället, samt hur välfungerande projekt av denna typ kan organiseras.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm, Sweden: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2023. p. 197
Series
TRITA-ITM-AVL ; 2023:20
Keywords
design methods, transition design, participatory design, living labs, experimentation, sustainability
National Category
Design
Research subject
Art, Technology and Design; Machine Design
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-334934 (URN)978-91-8040-679-6 (ISBN)
Public defence
2023-09-21, https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/69901870516?pwd=QUg4TkNVSnJwcFlaVGhpSG1nanRkUT09, Kollegiesalen, Brinellvägen 8, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Swedish Energy AgencyMistra - The Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research
Available from: 2023-08-30 Created: 2023-08-30 Last updated: 2025-02-24Bibliographically approved

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