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Assessment of Machine tool flexibility in a Production system
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Production engineering.
2023 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [en]

This project aims to present machine tool characteristics which may induce limiting factors in terms of flexibility. The aim is also to present a current state description of the machine tools in the production system regarding their characteristics in terms of quantifiable results. This refers to visual presentation in the form of graphs of the distribution of these characteristics among the different machine tools.

A literature study was conducted to attain knowledge of machine tools and how the literature defines machine tool flexibility. Based on this, the flexibility parameters were identified.

The result illustrates the current state description of the machine tools found in Volvo truck’s factory in Köping. These machine tools are lathe machines, machine centers, gear cutting machines and grinding machines. The result presents a percentage breakdown for each parameter for each of the machine types regarding the number of machines which possess a specific characteristic. The result displayed various cases of data missing. In many cases only a small percentage of data was missing, thus this result should be a sufficient representation of the situation. Meanwhile in other cases more data was missing and it leads to the result being less accurate. Overall, the acquired data in most cases should be sufficient to provide a current state description of the machines in the factory.

There is no clear definition of flexibility referenced by the literature, hence it is difficult to conduct a quantitative evaluation. Moreover, there are many parameters presented in this work which emphasizes the multidimensional complexity of the problem. The parameters presented in this project directly influence the type of operations required, geometrical complexity of the workpiece, number of setups and size of workpiece which the machine is capable of handling.

The machines have been grouped into the four categories mentioned above. This was done to reduce the complexity of the problem, hence not investigating each sub-category of machine (for example hobbing, skiving, etc.) The work has chosen not to group the machines based on the article they process as this would require additional knowledge of the layout and flow of material in the factory. The chosen approach will provide more of a generic visualization.

A method has been developed to present a current state description of a manufacturing system regarding machine tool flexibility and how they can be evaluated. This process includes data collection and documentation of machines tools for the flexibility parameters. Hence, it can be presented how the machines within each machine type possess a specific attribute in terms of numbers or fit within a certain interval. The purpose is to present visual results of the data to illustrate for the reader the distribution of the machine characteristics for each of the machine types and parameters.

Abstract [sv]

Detta projekt har som mål att presentera egenskaper hos bearbetningsmaskiner som kan medföra begränsande faktorer kopplat till flexibilitet. Målet är också att presentera en nulägesbeskrivning av bearbetningsmaskinernas egenskaper i produktionssystemet i form av kvantifierbara resultat. Detta refererar till visuella presentationer i form av grafer angående distribueringen av dessa egenskaper bland de olika bearbetningsmaskinerna.

En litteraturstudie har genomförts för att tillhandahålla kunskaper om bearbetningsmaskiner och hur litteraturen definierar flexibilitet hos bearbetningsmaskiner.

Resultatet illustrerar nulägesbeskrivningen av bearbetningsmaskinerna som befinner sig i Volvo Trucks fabrik i Köping. Dessa bearbetningsmaskiner är svarvar, fleroperationsmaskiner, kuggbearbetningsmaskiner och slipmaskiner. Resultatet visar en procentuell uppdelning av varje parameter for varje maskintyp, angående antalet maskiner som besitter en viss typ av egenskap. Resultatet visade på olika fall av saknad av data. I många fall saknades endast en liten andel av data, därmed bör detta resultat ge en tillräcklig representation av situationen. I andra fall saknades mer data och det leder till att resultatet blir mindre exakt. Överlag bör den insamlade datan i de flesta fall vara tillräcklig för att presentera en nulägesbeskrivning av maskinerna i fabriken.

Det finns ingen tydlig definition av flexibilitet som nämns i litteraturen, därmed medför detta svårigheter att utföra en kvantitativ utvärdering. Dessutom presenteras det många olika parametrar i detta arbete, vilket understryker problemets flerdimensionella komplexitet. Parametrarna presenterade i detta arbete påverkar direkt vilken typ av operation som behövs, geometriska komplexiteten av arbetsstycket, antalet uppspänningar och storleken på arbetsstycket som maskinen kan hantera.

Maskinerna har grupperats i fyra olika kategorier som nämndes ovan. Detta gjordes för att minska komplexiteten av problemet, därmed undersöks inte underkategorierna av maskinerna (till exempel hobbing skiving etcetera). Arbetet har valt att inte gruppera maskinerna baserat på vilken artikel de bearbetar, eftersom detta skulle behöva ytterligare kunskaper om layouten och flödet av material i fabriken. Det valda tillvägagångssättet ger en mer generell visualisering.

En metod har tagits fram för att presentera en nulägesbeskrivning av ett produktionssystem med avseende på flexibiliteten hos bearbetningsmaskiner och hur de kan utvärderas. Denna process inkluderar datainsamling och dokumentation av flexibilitetsparametrarna hos bearbetningsmaskinerna. Därmed kan det presenteras hur maskinerna inom varje maskintyp besitter en specifik egenskap i form av siffror eller passar inom ett specifikt intervall. Syftet är att presentera visuella resultat av datan för att illustrera för läsaren om distribueringen av maskinegenskaperna för varje maskintyp och parameter.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2023. , p. 67
Series
TRITA-ITM-EX ; 2023:451
Keywords [en]
Machine tool, Machine tool flexibility, Current state description, Machining, Production system, NC-machines, Manufacturing, Volvo trucks
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-335150OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-335150DiVA, id: diva2:1793571
External cooperation
Volvo Trucks
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2023-09-01 Created: 2023-09-01

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